Abstract
Italy was the colonial ruler from 1890 until 1941 when Eritrea fell to British forces and a British protectorate was set up. This ended in 1952 when the UN sanctioned federation with Ethiopia. In 1962 Ethiopia became a unitary state and Eritrea was incorporated as a province. Eritreans began an armed struggle for independence under the leadership of the Eritrean People’s Liberation Front (EPLF) which culminated successfully in the capture of Asmara on 24 May 1991. Thereafter the EPLF maintained a de facto independent administration recognized by the Ethiopian government. Sovereignty was proclaimed on 24 May 1993. In 1999 fighting broke out along the border with Ethiopia. After the failure of international mediation, the 13-month long-truce between Eritrea and Ethiopia ended in May 2000. Ethiopia launched a major offensive in the ongoing war over territorial disputes and claimed victory. In June both sides agreed to an Organization of African Unity peace deal to end the two-year border war.
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Futher Reading
Connel, D., Against All Odds: a Chronicle of the Eritrean Revolution. Trenton (NJ), 1993
Fegley, Randall, Eritrea. [Bibliography] ABC-Clio, Oxford and Santa Barbara (CA), 1995
Henze, Paul, Eritrea’s War: Confrontation, International Response, Outcome, Prospects, Shama, Addis Ababa, 2001
Lewis, R., Eritrea: Africa’s Newest Country. London, 1993
Negash, Tekeste and Tronvoll, Kjetil, Brothers at War: Making Sense of the Eritrean-Ethiopian War. Ohio University Press and James Currey, Oxford, 2001
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© 2002 Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited
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Turner, B. (2002). Eritrea. In: Turner, B. (eds) The Statesman’s Yearbook. The Statesman’s Yearbook. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271319_161
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1057/9780230271319_161
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, London
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