Abstract
This chapter provides an overview of methodologies key to World Englishes inquiry, an empirical field focused on the linguistic and sociocultural dimensions of Global English usage. Despite a continuously growing scholarly interest, few volumes have provided information on methods of empirical investigation. We first outline three major streams of World Englishes inquiry: Kachruvian-inspired world Englishes (WE), English as an international language (EIL), and English as a lingua franca (ELF). We then discuss the primary elicitation tools employed within and across the three separate streams. Methods reviewed include corpus linguistics, ethnography, survey usage, and acoustic/phonological analyses. Sample studies are drawn upon to demonstrate how WE, EIL, and ELF researchers have utilized various methods to address research questions specific to their respective streams of research. We close with a brief discussion on potential future directions for WE, EIL, and ELF inquiry.
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Notes
- 1.
ICE stands for the International Corpus of English; more information can be found at http://www.ucl.ac.uk/english-usage/projects/ice.htm
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De Costa, P., Maloney, J., Crowther, D. (2018). World Englishes. In: Phakiti, A., De Costa, P., Plonsky, L., Starfield, S. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Applied Linguistics Research Methodology. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59900-1_32
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