Abstract
Different disciplines have had to pay attention to pronunciation in their communications research and training since it is a factor affecting interactions among people from different linguistic backgrounds. In international business contexts, people speaking different L1 and L2 varieties may be in face-to-face or telephone contact, with issues sometimes arising as a result of misunderstanding of segmental or prosodic features. In addition, doctors who speak a different (L1 or L2) variety from their patients and other staff may find that pronunciation difficulties interfere with their on-the-job communication. The wider context of pronunciation includes the styling of speech by politicians and other communicators, and applications in speech technology and education beyond language teaching, in L1 literacy, phonological impairment, and voice recognition in forensic linguistics.
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Notes
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In British English, mince refers to ground beef.
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The Step 2 Clinical Skills (CS) performance test is also part of the United States Medical Licensing Examination “required of all physicians who seek graduate training positions in the United States, including graduates from medical schools located in the United States and other countries” (van Zanten, 2011, p. 78). The Step 2 CS exam evaluates candidates on the dimensions of Spoken English Proficiency, Communication and Interpersonal Skills, and Integrated Clinical Encounter (see Chap. 6).
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We note that Roberts et al.’s (2014) conception of difficulties in pronunciation that include prosody and voice quality as “micro-level” communication and language skills is quite a different conception from our division of pronunciation competence into a “micro” level comprising skills of pronunciation mechanics and discrimination that are required for intelligibility, and a “macro” level that incorporates pragmatics, social meaning, and interpersonal dynamics (see, e.g., the discussion in Chap. 6). Indeed, it can be maintained that the sorts of features of prosody and voice that Roberts et al. (2014) have identified are overarching, and in this sense “macro” features of communication that affect the interpretation of all other (i.e., lexicogrammatical) features, making it possible to correctly interpret them and generally being more impactful than the specific words or grammar employed.
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Jimmy Kimmel Live TV show (Dec 8, 2015) https://www.youtube.com/user/JimmyKimmelLive/videos
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Pennington, M.C., Rogerson-Revell, P. (2019). Beyond the Language Classroom: Wider Applications of Pronunciation Research and Practice. In: English Pronunciation Teaching and Research. Research and Practice in Applied Linguistics. Palgrave Macmillan, London. https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-47677-7_7
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