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Uptake of binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxins

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Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology

Part of the book series: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ((REVIEWS,volume 152))

Abstract

The focus of this article is on the cellular uptake mechanism of the family of binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxins from clostridia. These toxins are special-type AB toxins, because they are composed of two nonlinked proteins, which have to assemble on the surface of eukaryotic cells to act cytotoxically. The enzymatically active component (A), ADP-ribosylates G-actin in the cytosol of target cells. This leads to a complete depolymerization of the actin filaments and, thereby, to rounding up of cultured cells. The second component of these toxins, the binding/translocation component (B), mediates the transport of the enzyme component into the cytosol.

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Abbreviations

B.:

Bacillus

C.:

Clostridium

C2I:

Enzyme component of C2 toxin

C2II:

Binding/translocation component of C2 toxin

CHO:

Chinese hamster ovary

DHFR:

Dihydrofolate reductase

ER:

Endoplasmic reticulum

Ia:

Enzyme component of iota toxin

Ib:

Binding/translocation component of iota toxin

MTX:

Methotrexate

PA:

Anthrax protective antigen

v-ATPase:

Vesicular-type H+-ATPase

VIP:

Vegetative insecticidal protein

Hsp:

Heat shock protein

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  1. Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Otto-Krayer-Haus, Albertstrasse 25, 79104, Freiburg, Germany

    H. Barth

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Barth, H. (2004). Uptake of binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxins. In: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol 152. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10254-004-0029-1

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