Abstract
Clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) form at the plasma membrane where they select cargo for endocytic entry into cells. CCVs also form at the trans-Golgi network (TGN) where they function in protein transport from the secretory pathway to the endosomal/lysosomal system. It has been long thought that clathrin and the clathrin adaptors 1 (AP-1) and 2 (AP-2) could define a minimal machinery for the formation of CCVs and the selection of cargo. However, it is now clear that although clathrin, AP-1 and AP-2 are key components of these processes, complex protein machineries are necessary to regulate many of the fundamental processes in CCV formation and cargo selection at both the plasma membrane and the TGN.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
1. Aguilar RC, Wendland B (2003) Ubiquitin: not just for proteasomes anymore. Curr Opin Cell Biol 15:184-190
2. Aguilar RC, Watson HA, Wendland B (2003) The yeast Epsin Ent1 is recruited to membranes through multiple independent interactions. J Biol Chem 278:10737-10743
3. Ahle S, Ungewickell E (1986). Purification and properties of a new clathrin assembly protein. EMBO J 5:3143-3149
4. Austin C, Hinners I, Tooze SA (2000) Direct and GTP-dependent interaction of ADP-ribosylation factor 1 with clathrin adaptor protein AP-1 on immature secretory granules. J Biol Chem 275:21862-21869
5. Benmerah A, Begue B, Dautry-Varsat A, Cerf-Bensussan N (1996) The ear of alpha-adaptin interacts with the COOH-terminal domain of the Eps 15 protein. J Biol Chem 271:12111-12116
6. Blondeau F, Ritter B, Allaire PD, Wasiak S, Girard M, Hussain NK, Angers A, Legendre-Guillemin V, Roy L, Boismenu D, Kearney RE, Bell AW, Bergeron JJ, McPherson PS (2004) Tandem MS analysis of brain clathrin-coated vesicles reveals their critical involvement in synaptic vesicle recycling. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:3833-3838
7. Brett TJ, Traub LM, Fremont DH (2002) Accessory protein recruitment motifs in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Structure (Camb) 10:797-809
8. Brodsky FM, Chen CY, Knuehl C, Towler MC, Wakeham DE (2001) Biological basket weaving: formation and function of clathrin-coated vesicles. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 17:517-568
9. Bonifacino JS, Lippincott-Schwartz J (2003) Coat proteins: shaping membrane transport. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 4:409-414
10. Carroll RC, Beattie EC, von Zastrow M, Malenka RC (2001) Role of AMPA receptor endocytosis in synaptic plasticity. Nat Rev Neurosci 2:315-324
11. Chen H, Fre S, Slepnev VI, Capua MR, Takei K, Butler MH, Di Fiore PP, De Camilli P (1998) Epsin is an EH-domain-binding protein implicated in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Nature 394:793-797
12. Claing A, Laporte SA, Caron MG, Lefkowitz RJ (2002) Endocytosis of G protein-coupled receptors: roles of G protein-coupled receptor kinases and beta-arrestin proteins. Prog Neurobiol 66:61-79
13. Collins BM, McCoy AJ, Kent HM, Evans PR, Owen DJ (2002) Molecular architecture and functional model of the endocytic AP2 complex. Cell 109:523-535
14. Collins BM, Praefcke GJ, Robinson MS, Owen DJ (2003) Structural basis for binding of accessory proteins by the appendage domain of GGAs. Nat Struct Biol 10:607-613
15. Conner SD, Schmid SL (2002) Identification of an adaptor-associated kinase, AAK1, as a regulator of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Cell Biol 156:921-929
16. Conner SD, Schmid SL (2003a) Regulated portals of entry into the cell. Nature 422:37-44
17. Conner SD, Schmid SL (2003b) Differential requirements for AP-2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J Cell Biol 162:773-779
18. David C, McPherson PS, Mundigl O, de Camilli P (1996) A role of amphiphysin in synaptic vesicle endocytosis suggested by its binding to dynamin in nerve terminals. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 93:331-335
19. Doray B, Ghosh P, Griffith J, Geuze HJ, Kornfeld S (2002) Cooperation of GGAs and AP-1 in packaging MPRs at the trans-Golgi network. Science 297:1700-1703
20. Drake MT, Traub LM (2001) Interaction of two structurally distinct sequence types with the clathrin terminal domain beta-propeller. J Biol Chem 276:28700-28709
21. Duncan MC, Payne GS (2003) ENTH/ANTH domains expand to the Golgi. Trends Cell Biol 13:211-215
22. Duncan MC, Costaguta G, Payne GS (2003)Yeast epsin-related proteins required for Golgi-endosome traffic define a gamma-adaptin ear-binding motif. Nat Cell Biol 5:77-81
23. Eugster A, Pecheur EI, Michel F, Winsor B, Letourneur F, Friant S (2004) Ent5p is required with Ent3p and Vps27p for ubiquitin-dependent protein sorting into the multivesicular body. Mol Biol Cell, in press
24. Ford MG, Pearse BM, Higgins MK, Vallis Y, Owen DJ, Gibson A, Hopkins CR, Evans PR, McMahon HT (2001) Simultaneous binding of PtdIns(4,5)P2 and clathrin by AP180 in the nucleation of clathrin lattices on membranes. Science 291:1051-1055
25. Ford MG, Mills IG, Peter BJ, Vallis Y, Praefcke GJ, Evans PR, McMahon HT (2002) Curvature of clathrin-coated pits driven by epsin. Nature 419:361-366
26. Ferguson SS, Downey WE 3rd, Colapietro AM, Barak LS, Menard L, Caron MG (1996) Role of beta-arrestin in mediating agonist-promoted G protein-coupled receptor internalization. Science 271:363-366
27. Friant S, Pecheur EI, Eugster A, Michel F, Lefkir Y, Nourrisson D, Letourneur F (2003) Ent3p Is a PtdIns(3,5)P2 effector required for protein sorting to the multivesicular body. Dev Cell 5:499-511.
28. Gaidarov I, Keen JH (1999) Phosphoinositide-AP-2 interactions required for targeting to plasma membrane clathrin-coated pits. J Cell Biol 146:755-764
29. Goodman OB Jr, Krupnick JG, Santini F, Gurevich VV, Penn RB, Gagnon AW, Keen JH, Benovic JL (1996) Beta-arrestin acts as a clathrin adaptor in endocytosis of the beta2-adrenergic receptor. Nature 383:447-450
30. Ghosh P, Griffith J, Geuze HJ, Kornfeld S (2003) Mammalian GGAs act together to sort mannose 6-phosphate receptors. J Cell Biol 163:755-766
31. Hao W, Luo Z, Zheng L, Prasad K, Lafer EM (1999) AP180 and AP-2 interact directly in a complex that cooperatively assembles clathrin. J Biol Chem 274:22785-22794
32. He G, Gupta S, Yi M, Michaely P, Hobbs HH, Cohen JC (2002) ARH is a modular adaptor protein that interacts with the LDL receptor, clathrin, and AP-2. J Biol Chem 277:44044-44049
33. Hicke L, Dunn R (2003) Regulation of membrane protein transport by ubiquitin and ubiquitin-binding proteins. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 19:141-172
34. Hinners I, Tooze SA (2003) Changing directions: clathrin-mediated transport between the Golgi and endosomes. J Cell Sci 116:763-771
35. Hinrichsen L, Harborth J, Andrees L, Weber K, Ungewickell EJ (2003) Effect of clathrin heavy chain- and alpha -adaptin specific small interfering RNAs on endocytic accessory proteins and receptor trafficking in HeLa cells. J Biol Chem 278:45160-45170
36. Hinshaw JE, Schmid SL (1995) Dynamin self-assembles into rings suggesting a mechanism for coated vesicle budding. Nature 374:190-192
37. Hirst J, Motley A, Harasaki K, Peak Chew SY, Robinson MS (2003) EpsinR: an ENTH domain-containing protein that interacts with AP-1. Mol Biol Cell 14:625-641
38. Huang F, Khvorova A, Marshall W, Sorkin A (2004) Analysis of Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis of epidermal growth factor receptor by RNA interference. J Biol Chem 279:16657-16661
39. Hussain NK, Yamabhai M, Ramjaun AR, Guy AM, Baranes D, O’Bryan JP, Der CJ, Kay BK, McPherson PS (1999) Splice variants of intersectin are components of the endocytic machinery in neurons and nonneuronal cells. J Biol Chem 274:15671-15677
40. Hyman J, Chen H, Di Fiore PP, De Camilli P, Brunger AT (2000) Epsin 1 undergoes nucleocytosolic shuttling and its eps15 interactor NH(2)-terminal homology (ENTH) domain, structurally similar to Armadillo and HEAT repeats, interacts with the transcription factor promyelocytic leukemia Zn(2)+ finger protein (PLZF). J Cell Biol 149:537-546
41. Itoh T, Koshiba S, Kigawa T, Kikuchi A, Yokoyama S, Takenawa T (2001) Role of the ENTH domain in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate binding and endocytosis. Science 291:1047-1051
42. Iversen TG, Skretting G, van Deurs B, Sandvig K (2003) Clathrin-coated pits with long, dynamin-wrapped necks upon expression of a clathrin antisense RNA. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:5175-5180
43. Jha A, Agostinelli NR, Mishra SK, Keyel PA, Hawryluk MJ, Traub LM (2003) A novel AP-2 adaptor interaction motif initially identified in the long-splice isoform of synaptojanin 1, SJ170a. J Biol Chem [Epub ahead of print]
44. Kalthoff C, Alves J, Urbanke C, Knorr R, Ungewickell EJ (2002a) Unusual structural organization of the endocytic proteins AP180 and epsin 1. J Biol Chem 277:8209-8216
45. Kalthoff C, Groos S, Kohl R, Mahrhold S, Ungewickell EJ (2002b) Clint: A novel clathrin-binding ENTH-domain protein at the Golgi. Mol Biol Cell 13:4060-4073
46. Kay BK, Yamabhai M, Wendland B, Emr SD (1999) Identification of a novel domain shared by putative components of the endocytic and cytoskeletal machinery. Protein Sci 8:435-438
47. Kirchhausen T, Bonifacino JS, Riezman H (1997) Linking cargo to vesicle formation: receptor tail interactions with coat proteins. Curr Opin Cell Biol 9:488-495
48. Keen JH, Willingham MC, Pastan IH (1979) Clathrin-coated vesicles: isolation, dissociation and factor-dependent reassociation of clathrin baskets. Cell 16:303-312
49. Kent HM, McMahon HT, Evans PR, Benmerah A, Owen DJ (2002) Gamma-adaptin appendage domain: structure and binding site for Eps15 and gamma-synergin. Structure (Camb) 10:1139-1148
50. Krauss M, Kinuta M, Wenk MR, De Camilli P, Takei K, Haucke V (2003) ARF6 stimulates clathrin/AP-2 recruitment to synaptic membranes by activating phosphatidylinositol phosphate kinase type Igamma. J Cell Biol 162:113-124
51. Laporte SA, Oakley RH, Holt JA, Barak LS, Caron MG (2000) The interaction of beta-arrestin with the AP-2 adaptor is required for the clustering of beta 2-adrenergic receptor into clathrin-coated pits. J Biol Chem 275:23120-23126
52. Legendre-Guillemin V, Metzler M, Charbonneau M, Gan L, Chopra V, Philie J, Hayden MR, McPherson PS (2002) HIP1 and HIP12 display differential binding to F-actin, AP2, and clathrin. Identification of a novel interaction with clathrin light chain. J Biol Chem 277:19897-19904
53. Legendre-Guillemin V, Wasiak S, Hussain NK, Angers A, McPherson PS (2004) ENTH/ANTH proteins and clathrin-mediated membrane budding. J Cell Sci 117:9-18
54. Lui WW, Collins BM, Hirst J, Motley A, Millar C, Schu P, Owen DJ, Robinson MS (2003) Binding partners for the COOH-terminal appendage domains of the GGAs and gamma-adaptin. Mol Biol Cell 14:2385-2398
55. Mattera R, Ritter B, Sidhu SS, McPherson PS, Bonifacino JS (2003) Definition of the consensus motif recognized by gamma -adaptin ear domains. J Biol Chem [Epub ahead of print]
56. McPherson PS, Takei K, Schmid SL, De Camilli P (1994) p145, a major Grb2-binding protein in brain, is co-localized with dynamin in nerve terminals where it undergoes activity-dependent dephosphorylation. J Biol Chem 269:30132-30139
57. McPherson PS, Garcia EP, Slepnev VI, David C, Zhang X, Grabs D, Sossin WS, Bauerfeind R, Nemoto Y, De Camilli P (1996) A presynaptic inositol-5-phosphatase. Nature 379:353-357
58. McPherson PS, Kay BK, Hussain NK (2001) Signaling on the endocytic pathway. Traffic 2:375-384
59. Metzler M, Legendre-Guillemin V, Gan L, Chopra V, Kwok A, McPherson PS, Hayden MR (2001) HIP1 functions in clathrin-mediated endocytosis through binding to clathrin and adaptor protein 2. J Biol Chem 276:39271-39276
60. Metzler M, Li B, Gan L, Georgiou J, Gutekunst CA, Wang Y, Torre E, Devon RS, Oh R, Legendre-Guillemin V, Rich M, Alvarez C, Gertsenstein M, McPherson PS, Nagy A, Wang YT, Roder JC, Raymond LA, Hayden MR (2003) Disruption of the endocytic protein HIP1 results in neurological deficits and decreased AMPA receptor trafficking. EMBO J 22:3254-3266
61. Miller GJ, Mattera R, Bonifacino JS, Hurley JH (2003) Recognition of accessory protein motifs by the gamma-adaptin ear domain of GGA3. Nat Struct Biol 10:599-606
62. Mills IG, Praefcke GJ, Vallis Y, Peter BJ, Olesen LE, Gallop JL, Butler PJ, Evans PR, McMahon HT (2003) EpsinR: an AP1/clathrin interacting protein involved in vesicle trafficking. J Cell Biol 160:213-222
63. Mishra SK, Agostinelli NR, Brett TJ, Mizukami I, Ross TS, Traub LM (2001) Clathrin- and AP-2-binding sites in HIP1 uncover a general assembly role for endocytic accessory proteins. J Biol Chem 276:46230-46236
64. Mishra SK, Keyel PA, Hawryluk MJ, Agostinelli NR, Watkins SC, Traub LM (2002a) Disabled-2 exhibits the properties of a cargo-selective endocytic clathrin adaptor. EMBO J 21:4915-4926
65. Mishra SK, Watkins SC, Traub LM (2002b) The autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) protein interfaces directly with the clathrin-coat machinery. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:16099-17104
66. Morgan JR, Prasad K, Hao W, Augustine GJ, Lafer EM (2000) A conserved clathrin assembly motif essential for synaptic vesicle endocytosis. J Neurosci 20:8667-8676
67. Morris SM, Cooper JA (2001) Disabled-2 colocalizes with the LDLR in clathrin-coated pits and interacts with AP-2. Traffic 2:111-123
68. Morris SM, Tallquist MD, Rock CO, Cooper JA (2002) Dual roles for the Dab2 adaptor protein in embryonic development and kidney transport. EMBO J 21:1555-1564
69. Moskowitz HS, Heuser J, McGraw TE, Ryan TA (2003) Targeted chemical disruption of clathrin function in living cells. Mol Biol Cell 14:4437-4447
70. Motley A, Bright NA, Seaman MN, Robinson MS (2003) Clathrin-mediated endocytosis in AP-2-depleted cells. J Cell Biol 162:909-918
71. Murthy VN, De Camilli P (2003) Cell biology of the presynaptic terminal. Annu Rev Neurosci 26:701-728
72. Nakashima, S, Morinaka K, Koyama S, Ikeda M, Kishida M, Okawa K, Iwamatsu A, Kishida S, Kikuchi A (1999) Small G protein Ral and its downstream molecules regulate endocytosis of EGF and insulin receptors. EMBO J 18:3629-3642
73. Nesterov A, Carter RE, Sorkina T, Gill GN, Sorkin A (1999) Inhibition of the receptor-binding function of clathrin adaptor protein AP-2 by dominant-negative mutant mu2 subunit and its effects on endocytosis. EMBO J 18:2489-2499
74. Nogi T, Shiba Y, Kawasaki M, Shiba T, Matsugaki N, Igarashi N, Suzuki M, Kato R, Takatsu H, Nakayama K, Wakatsuki S (2002) Structural basis for the accessory protein recruitment by the gamma-adaptin ear domain. Nat Struct Biol 9:527-531
75. Nonet ML, Holgado AM, Brewer F, Serpe CJ, Norbeck BA, Holleran J, Wei L, Hartwieg E, Jorgensen EM, Alfonso A (1999) UNC-11, a Caenorhabditis elegans AP180 homologue, regulates the size and protein composition of synaptic vesicles. Mol Biol Cell 10:2343-2360
76. Ohno H, Stewart J, Fournier MC, Bosshart H, Rhee I, Miyatake S, Saito T, Gallusser A, Kirchhausen T, Bonifacino JS (1995) Interaction of tyrosine-based sorting signals with clathrin-associated proteins. Science 269:1872-1875
77. Oleinikov AV, Zhao J, Makker SP (2000) Cytosolic adaptor protein Dab2 is an intracellular ligand of endocytic receptor gp600/megalin. Biochem J 347:613-621
78. Olusanya O, Andrews PD, Swedlow JR, Smythe E (2001) Phosphorylation of threonine 156 of the mu2 subunit of the AP2 complex is essential for endocytosis in vitro and in vivo. Curr Biol 11:896-900
79. Owen DJ, Vallis Y, Noble ME, Hunter JB, Dafforn TR, Evans PR, McMahon HT (1999) A structural explanation for the binding of multiple ligands by the alpha-adaptin appendage domain. Cell 97:805-815
80. Owen DJ, Vallis Y, Pearse BM, McMahon HT, Evans PR (2000) The structure and function of the beta 2-adaptin appendage domain. EMBO J 19:4216-4227
81. Page LJ, Sowerby PJ, Lui WW, Robinson MS (1999) Gamma-synergin: an EH domain-containing protein that interacts with gamma-adaptin. J Cell Biol 146:993-1004
82. Polo S, Sigismund S, Faretta M, Guidi M, Capua MR, Bossi G, Chen H, De Camilli P, Di Fiore PP (2002) A single motif responsible for ubiquitin recognition and monoubiquitination in endocytic proteins. Nature 416:451-455
83. Puertollano R, Aguilar RC, Gorshkova I, Crouch RJ, Bonifacino JS (2001) Sorting of mannose 6-phosphate receptors mediated by the GGAs. Science 292:1712-1716
84. Puertollano R, van der Wel NN, Greene LE, Eisenberg E, Peters PJ, Bonifacino JS (2003) Morphology and dynamics of clathrin/GGA1-coated carriers budding from the trans-Golgi network. Mol Biol Cell 14:1545-1557
85. Ramjaun AR, McPherson PS (1996) Tissue-specific alternative splicing generates two synaptojanin isoforms with differential membrane binding properties. J Biol Chem 271:24856-24861
86. Ramjaun AR, Micheva KD, Bouchelet I, McPherson PS (1997) Identification and characterization of a nerve terminal-enriched amphiphysin isoform. J Biol Chem 272:16700-16706
87. Ritter B, Philie J, Girard M, Tung EC, Blondeau F, McPherson PS (2003) Identification of a family of endocytic proteins that define a new alpha-adaptin ear-binding motif. EMBO Rep 4:1089-1095
88. Robinson MS, Bonifacino JS (2001) Adaptor-related proteins. Curr Opin Cell Biol 13:444-453
89. Robinson MS (2004) Adaptable adaptors for coated vesicles. Trends Cell Biol 14:167-174
90. Rosenthal JA, Chen H, Slepnev VI, Pellegrini L, Salcini AE, Di Fiore PP, De Camilli P (1999). The epsins define a family of proteins that interact with components of the clathrin coat and contain a new protein module. J Biol Chem 274:33959-33965
91. Saint-Pol A, Yelamos B, Amessou M, Mills IG, Dugast M, Tenza D, Schu P, Antony C, McMahon HT, Lamaze C, Johannes L (2004) Clathrin adaptor epsinR is required for retrograde sorting on early endosomal membranes. Dev Cell 6:525-538
92. Schlossman DM, Schmid SL, Braell WA, Rothman JE (1984) An enzyme that removes clathrin coats: purification of an uncoating ATPase. J Cell Biol 99:723-733
93. Schmid SL (1997) Clathrin-coated vesicle formation and protein sorting: an integrated process. Annu Rev Biochem 66:11-48
94. Sever S, Damke H, Schmid SL (2000) Garrotes, springs, ratchets, and whips: putting dynamin models to the test. Traffic 1:385-392
95. Slepnev VI, Ochoa GC, Butler MH, Grabs D, De Camilli P (1998) Role of phosphorylation in regulation of the assembly of endocytic coat complexes. Science 281:821-824
96. Slepnev VI, Ochoa GC, Butler MH, De Camilli P (2000) Tandem arrangement of the clathrin and AP-2 binding domains in amphiphysin 1 and disruption of clathrin coat function by amphiphysin fragments comprising these sites. J Biol Chem 275:17583-17589
97. Stahelin RV, Long F, Peter BJ, Murray D, De Camilli P, McMahon HT, Cho W (2003) Contrasting membrane interaction mechanisms of AP180 ANTH and Epsin ENTH domains. J Biol Chem 278:28993-28999
98. Takatsu H, Katoh Y, Shiba Y, Nakayama K (2001) Golgi-localizing, gamma-adaptin ear homology domain, ADP-ribosylation factor-binding (GGA) proteins interact with acidic dileucine sequences within the cytoplasmic domains of sorting receptors through their Vps27p/Hrs/STAM (VHS) domains. J Biol Chem 276:28541-28545
99. Takei K, McPherson PS, Schmid SL, De Camilli P (1995) Tubular membrane invaginations coated by dynamin rings are induced by GTP-gamma S in nerve terminals. Nature 374:186-190
100. Traub LM, Ostrom JA, Kornfeld S (1993) Biochemical dissection of AP-1 recruitment onto Golgi membranes. J Cell Biol 123:561-573
101. Traub LM, Downs MA, Westrich JL, Fremont DH (1999) Crystal structure of the alpha appendage of AP-2 reveals a recruitment platform for clathrin-coat assembly. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:8907-8912
102. Traub LM (2003) Sorting it out: AP-2 and alternate clathrin adaptors in endocytic cargo selection. J Cell Biol 163:203-208
103. Ungewickell E, Ungewickell H, Holstein SE, Lindner R, Prasad K, Barouch W, Martin B, Greene LE, Eisenberg E (1995) Role of auxilin in uncoating clathrin-coated vesicles. Nature 378:632-635
104. Walther K, Diril MK, Jung N, Haucke V (2004) Functional dissection of the interactions of stonin 2 with the adaptor complex AP-2 and synaptotagmin. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA (In press)
105. Waelter S, Scherzinger E, Hasenbank R, Nordhoff E, Lurz R, Goehler H, Gauss C, Sathasivam K, Bates GP, Lehrach H, Wanker EE (2001) The huntingtin interacting protein HIP1 is a clathrin and alpha-adaptin-binding protein involved in receptor-mediated endocytosis. Hum Mol Genet 10:1807-1817
106. Wang YJ, Wang J, Sun HQ, Martinez M, Sun YX, Macia E, Kirchhausen T, Albanesi JP, Roth MG, Yin HL (2003) Phosphatidylinositol 4 phosphate regulates targeting of clathrin adaptor AP-1 complexes to the Golgi. Cell 114:299-310
107. Warren RA, Green FA, Stenberg PE, Enns CA (1998) Distinct saturable pathways for the endocytosis of different tyrosine motifs. J Biol Chem 273:17056-17063
108. Wasiak S, Legendre-Guillemin V, Puertollano R, Blondeau F, Girard M, de Heuvel E, Boismenu D, Bell AW, Bonifacino JS, McPherson PS (2002) Enthoprotin: a novel clathrin-associated protein identified through subcellular proteomics. J Cell Biol 158:855-862
109. Wasiak S, Denisov AY, Han Z, Leventis PA, de Heuvel E, Boulianne GL, Kay BK, Gehring K, McPherson PS (2003) Characterization of a gamma-adaptin ear-binding motif in enthoprotin. FEBS Lett 555:437-442
110. Wettey FR, Hawkins SF, Stewart A, Luzio JP, Howard JC, Jackson AP (2002) Controlled elimination of clathrin heavy-chain expression in DT40 lymphocytes. Science 297:1521-1515
111. Wu X, Zhao X, Baylor L, Kaushal S, Eisenberg E, Greene LE (2001) Clathrin exchange during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. J. Cell Biol 155:291-300
112. Zhu Y, Doray B, Poussu A, Lehto VP, Kornfeld S (2001) Binding of GGA2 to the lysosomal enzyme sorting motif of the mannose 6-phosphate receptor. Science 292:1716-1718
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ritter, B., McPherson, P.S. Molecular mechanisms in clathrin-mediated membrane budding. In: Keränen, S., Jäntti, J. (eds) Regulatory Mechanisms of Intracellular Membrane Transport. Topics in Current Genetics, vol 10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b98564
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/b98564
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-22302-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-44476-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive