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Emerging Technologies for the 3D Analysis of Polymer Structures

  • Chapter
NMR • 3D Analysis • Photopolymerization

Part of the book series: Apvances in Polymer Science ((POLYMER,volume 170))

Abstract

This review describes recent progress in the polymerization of conjugated and nonconjugated dienes catalyzed by transition metal complexes. Coordination polymerization of 1,3-butadiene producescis-1,4-,trans-1,4-, syndio-1,2-, and iso-1,2-polymers which are obtained selectively by choosing the catalysts and the reaction conditions. Lanthanides catalyze polymerization of 1,3-butadiene to produce thecis-1,4-polymer with excellent selectivity. The lanthanocenes, CoCl2/MAO, CpTiCl3/MAO, and (π-allyl)Ni(OCOCF3)(L) promote living polymerization of 1,3-dienes as well as copolymerization of 1,3-dienes with vinyl monomers. Nonconjugated dienes polymerize to give products with vinylic pendant groups or those with five- to six-membered rings. Late transition metals such as Ni, Pd, and Rh catalyze polymerization of various allene derivatives. Living polymerization of allenes with polar functional groups is used to prepare new copolymers. Methylenecycloalkanes are polymerized by transition metal complexes to produce polymers via addition polymerization or ring-opening polymerization. Copolymerization of dienes with CO is promoted by late transition metal complexes to give polyketones with vinyl groups or cyclic units.

An erratum to this chapter is available at http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/12_2006_102.

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Abbreviations

ADMET:

acyclic diene metathesis polymerization

BARF:

[B{C6H3(CF3)2-3,5}4]−

(R,S)-BINAPHOS:

(R)-2-(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthalen-2′-yl (S)-1,1′-binaphthalen-2,2′-diyl phosphite

i-Bu:

isobutyl

CD:

circular dichroism

CGC:

constrained geometry catalyst

Cp*:

permethylcyclopentadienyl

DFT:

density functional theory

DEPT:

distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer

dppp:

1,3-bis(diphenylphosphino)propane

dipp:

1,3-bis(diisopropylphosphino)propane

dmpe:

1,2-bis(dimethylphosphino)ethane

DSC:

differential scanning calorimetry

EPDM:

ethylene propylene diene methylene linkage

Flu:

fluorenyl

Hex:

hexyl

HIBAO:

hexaisobutylaluminoxane

Ind:

indenyl

naph:

naphthenate

NMP:

1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone

MAO:

methylaluminoxane

MBIC:

1-methyl-3-n-butylimidazolium chloride

phen:

1,10-phenanthroline

TCBQ:

tetrachloro-1,4-benzoquinone

TG:

thermogravimetry

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, 606-8585, Kyoto, Japan

    Hiroshi Jinnai & Yukihiro Nishikawa

  2. Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University, 3-27-1 Rokkakubashi, Kanagawa-ku, 221-8686, Yokohama, Japan

    Takayuki Ikehara

  3. Department of Organic and Polymeric Materials, School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 2-12-1 Ohokayama, Meguro-ku, 152-8551, Tokyo, Japan

    Toshio Nishi

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Jinnai, H., Nishikawa, Y., Ikehara, T., Nishi, T. (2004). Emerging Technologies for the 3D Analysis of Polymer Structures. In: NMR • 3D Analysis • Photopolymerization. Apvances in Polymer Science, vol 170. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b95533

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/b95533

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