Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Aquaculture of “Non-Food Organisms” for Natural Substance Production

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Marine Biotechnology II

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 97))

Abstract

Marine invertebrates are already sources of commercially important secondary metabolites and may become even more so as knowledge on marine natural products and chemical ecology develops. Among the producers of these compounds predominantly sponges, bryozoa and molluscs have received the attention of academic and industrial research and development. For all these invertebrate groups culture techniques have been developed encompassing in situ, laboratory and cell culture approaches for the production of natural products. Potential applications of these are not restricted to pharmaceuticals but include marine cements, biominerals and antifouling compounds. In addition, markets exist for ornamental species. All culture approaches require sound ecological knowledge about the organisms to be cultured and possible symbiotic interactions between host invertebrates and microheterotrophs.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Brusca RC, Brusca GJ, Haver N, Burness TJ (2003) Invertebrates. Sinauer Associates

    Google Scholar 

  2. Kaestner A (1967) Invertebrate Zoology, vol. I Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Mollusca, Annelida, and Related Phyla. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kaestner A (1967) Invertebrate Zoology, vol. II Arthropod Relatives, Chelicerata, Myriopoda. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  4. Kaestner A (1970) Invertebrate Zoology, vol. III, Crustacea. Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  5. Barnes RSK, Calow P, Olive PJW (1988) The Invertebrates A New Synthesis. Blackwell, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  6. Buchsbaum R, Buchsbaum M, Pearse J, Pearse V (1987) Animals Without Backbones. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  7. Brusca RC, Brusca GJ (1990) Invertebrates. Sinauer Ass Inc Publ, Sunderland, Massachusetts

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schmitz FJ, Bowden BF, Toth SI (1993) Mar Biotechnol 1:197

    Google Scholar 

  9. Munro MHG, Blunt JW, Dumdei EJ, Hickford SJH, Lill RE, Li S, Battershill CN, Duckworth AR (1999) J Biotechnol 70:15

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. da Rocha AB, Lopes RM, Schwartsmann G (2001) Curr Opinion Pharmacol 1:364

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Zubia E, Ortega MJ, Salva J (2003) Cienc Mar 29:251

    Google Scholar 

  12. Nuijen B, Bouma M, Manada C, Jimeno JM, Schellens JH, Bult A, Beijnen JH (2000) Anticancer Drugs 11:793

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Jimeno J, Faircloth G, Fernández Sousa-Faro JM, Scheuer P, Rinehart K (2004) Mar Drugs 2:14

    Google Scholar 

  14. Baslow MH (1969) Marine Pharmacology. The Williams & Wilkins Co., Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  15. Scheuer PJ (1973) Chemistry of Marine Natural Products. Academic Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  16. Scheuer PJ (1978) Vol. 1. Academic Press, New York, p 308

    Google Scholar 

  17. Scheuer PJ (1978) Vol. 2. Academic Press, New York, p 392

    Google Scholar 

  18. Scheuer PJ (1980) Vol. 3. Academic Press, New York, p 229

    Google Scholar 

  19. Scheuer PJ (1981) Vol. 4. Academic Press, New York, p 213

    Google Scholar 

  20. Bohlin L (1989) Acta Pharm Nord 1:175

    Google Scholar 

  21. Faulkner DJ, Fenical WH (1977) NATO Conference Series, Pt 4: Marine Sciences, 1, 433 pp

    Google Scholar 

  22. Faulkner DJ (1977) Tetrahedron 33:1421

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Faulkner DJ, Armstrong RW, Djura P, Higgs MD, Ravi BN, Stierle DB, Wratten SJ (1979) Colloques Internationaux du Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 291:401

    Google Scholar 

  24. Faulkner DJ (1980) Handb Environ Chem 1:229

    Google Scholar 

  25. Faulkner DJ, Ghiselin MT (1983) Mar Ecol Prog Ser 13:295

    Google Scholar 

  26. Faulkner DJ (1984) Nat Prod Rep 1:551

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Faulkner DJ (1984) Nat Prod Rep 1:251

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Faulkner DJ (1986) Nat Prod Rep 3:1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Faulkner DJ (1987) Nat Prod Rep 4:539

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Faulkner DJ (1988) Nat Prod Rep 5:613

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Faulkner J (1990) In: Jacobs RS, de Carvalho M (eds) Marine Pharmacology: Prospects for the 1990s. Vol T-CSGCP-022 (TCSGCP022) Rep Ser Calif Sea Grant Coll Program, p 28

    Google Scholar 

  32. Faulkner DJ (1990) Nat Prod Rep 7:269

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Faulkner DJ (1991) Nat Prod Rep 8:97

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Faulkner DJ (1992) Nat Prod Rep 9:323

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Faulkner DJ (1992) In: Paul VJ (ed) Ecological Roles of Marine Natural Products. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York p 118

    Google Scholar 

  36. Faulkner DJ (1992) Oceanus 35:29

    Google Scholar 

  37. Faulkner DJ (1993) Nat Prod Rep 10:497

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Faulkner JD, He H-Y, Unson MD, Bewley CA (1993) Gazz Chim Ital 123:301

    Google Scholar 

  39. Faulkner DJ (1994) Nat Prod Rep 11:355

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Faulkner DJ (1995) Nat Prod Rep 12:223

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Faulkner J, Unson MD, Bewley CA (1994) Pure Appl Chem 66:1983

    Google Scholar 

  42. Faulkner DJ (1995) Chem Britain 31:680

    Google Scholar 

  43. Faulkner DJ (1996) Nat Prod Rep 13:75

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Faulkner DJ (1997) Nat Prod Rep 14:259

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Faulkner DJ (1998) Nat Prod Rep 15:113

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Faulkner DJ (2000) Nat Prod Rep 17:7

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Faulkner DJ (2000) Antonie van Leuwenhoek 77:135

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Faulkner DJ (2001) Nat Prod Rep 18:1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Faulkner DJ (2002) Nat Prod Rep 19:1

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Faulkner DJ (1993) In: Attaway DH, Zaborsky OR (eds) Marine Biotechnology, Vol 1: Pharmaceutical and Bioactive Natural Products. Plenum Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  51. Faulkner DJ (2000) Nat Prod Rep 17:1

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Guyot M (1994) Pure Appl Chem 66:2223

    Google Scholar 

  53. Cart BK (1996) BioScience 46:271

    Google Scholar 

  54. Olson SG (1996) Sea Tech:89

    Google Scholar 

  55. Abad MJ, Bermejo P (2001) In: Rahman A (ed) Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, vol. 25. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 683

    Google Scholar 

  56. Blunden G (1997) Pesticide Sci 51:483

    Article  Google Scholar 

  57. Blunden G (2001) Phytother Res 15:89

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  58. Proksch P, Edrada RA, Ebel R (2002) Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 59:125

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  59. Proksch P, Ebel R, Edrada RA, Wray V, Steube K (2003) In: Müller WEG (ed) Sponges (Porifera). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 117

    Google Scholar 

  60. Proksch P, Edrada-Ebel R, Ebel R (2003) Mar Drugs 1:5

    Google Scholar 

  61. Jha RK, Zi-Rong X (2004) Mar Drugs 2:123

    Google Scholar 

  62. Kerr RG, Kerr SS (1999) Expert Opin Therapeut Pat 9:1207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Roberts L (1992) Science 256:1142

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  64. Carté BK (1996) Bioscience 47:276

    Google Scholar 

  65. Committee on Marine Invertebrates (1992) Marine Aquaculture: Opportunities for Growth. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  66. Colwell RR (2002) Biotechnol Adv 20:215

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  67. Christophersen C (1985) Acta Chem Scand Ser B 39:7517

    Google Scholar 

  68. Blackman AJ, Walls JT (1995) In: Rahman A (ed) Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, vol. 17. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 73

    Google Scholar 

  69. Sarma AS, Daum T, Müller WEG (1993) Secondary Metabolites from Marine Sponges. Ullstein-Mosby Verlag, Berlin

    Google Scholar 

  70. Proksch P (1994) Toxicon 32:639

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  71. Engel S, Pawlik JR (2000) Mar Ecol Prog Ser 207:273

    Google Scholar 

  72. Guyot M (2000) Zoosystema 22:419

    Google Scholar 

  73. Kobayashi J, Ishibashi M (2000) In: Rahman A (ed) Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, vol. 23. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 185

    Google Scholar 

  74. Ellington WR (2001) Ann Rev Physiol 63:289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Fox DL (1947) Ann Rev Biochem 16:443

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Geddes P (1882) Scient Am Suppl 324

    Google Scholar 

  77. Ackermann D (1963) Ber phys-med Ges Würzburg 70:163

    Google Scholar 

  78. Ackermann D, List PH (1959) Hoppe-Seyler's Z Physiol Chem 317:78

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  79. Dorée C (1909) Biochem J 4:72

    Google Scholar 

  80. Henze M (1904) Hoppe-Seyler's Z Physiol Chem 41:109

    Google Scholar 

  81. Roche J, Robin Y (1954) C.R Soc Biol 48:1541

    Google Scholar 

  82. Bergmann W, Feeney RJ (1951) J Org Chem 16:981

    Article  Google Scholar 

  83. Bergmann W, Feeney RJ (1950) J Am Chem Soc 72:2809

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. North TW, Cohen SS (1979) Pharmaceut Ther 4:81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Alam M, Euler KL (1995) In: Rahman A (ed) Studies in Natural Products Chemistry, vol. 17. Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 3

    Google Scholar 

  86. Alam M, Thomson RH (1998) Handbook of Natural Products from Marine Invertebrates, Part 1: Phylum Mollusca

    Google Scholar 

  87. Alonso D, Khalil Z, Satkunanthan N, Livett BG (2003) Mini Rev Med Chem 3:758

    Article  Google Scholar 

  88. Myers RA, Cruz LJ, Rivier JE, Olivera BM (1993) Chem Rev 93:1923

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Scheuer PJ (1977) Isr J Chem 16:52

    Google Scholar 

  90. Bhakuni DS (1994) J Ind Chem Soc 71:329

    Google Scholar 

  91. Avila C (1995) Oceanogr Mar Biol Ann Rev 33:487

    Google Scholar 

  92. Haefner B (2003) Drug Discovery Today 8:536

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  93. http://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct

  94. van Kesteren C, Cvitkovic E, Taamma A, Lopez-Lazaro L, Jimeno JM, Guzman C, Math RA, Schellens JH, Misset JL, Brain E, Hillebrand MJ, Rosing H, Beijnen JH (2000) Clin Cancer Res 6:4725

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  95. Jin S, Gorfajn B, Faircloth G, Scotto KW (2000) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 97:6775

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  96. Sparidans RW, Rosing H, Hillebrand MJX, Lopez-Lazaro L, Jimeno JM, Manzanares I, Van Kesteren C, Cvitkovic E, Van Oosterom AT, Schellens JHM, Beijnen JH (2001) Anti-Cancer Drugs 12:653

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  97. Kortmansky J, Schwartz GK (2003) Cancer Invest 21:924

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  98. Koutcher JA, Motwani M, Zakian KL, Li X-K, Matei C, Dyke JP, Ballon D, Yoo HH, Schwartz GK (2000) Clin Cancer Res 6:1498

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  99. Lilly M, Brown C, Pettit G, Kraft A (1991) Leukemia 5:283

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  100. Weitman S, Langevin A-M, Berkow RL, Thomas PJ, Hurwitz CA, Kraft AS, Dubowy RL, Smith DL, Bernstein M (1999) Clin Cancer Res 5:2344

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  101. Erba E, Bassano L, Di Liberti G, Muradore I, Chiorino G, Ubezio P, Vignati S, Codegoni A, Desiderio MA, Faircloth G, Jimeno J, D'Incalci M (2002) Br J Cancer 86:1510

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  102. Maroun J, Belanger K, Seymour L, Soulieres D, Charpentier D, Goel R, Stewart D, Tomiak E, Jimeno J, Matthews S (2000) Ann Oncol 11(4):134

    Google Scholar 

  103. Hamann MT, Otto CS, Scheuer PJ, Dunbar DC (1996) J Org Chem 61:6594

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  104. Suarez Y, Gonzalez L, Cuadrado A, Berciano M, Lafarga M, Muñoz A (2003) Mol Cancer Therap 2:863

    Google Scholar 

  105. Watters DJ, van den Brenk AL (1993) Toxicon 31:1349

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  106. Sondak VK, Kopecky KJ, Liu PY, Fletcher WS, Harvey WH, Laufman LR (1994) Anti-Cancer Drugs 5:147

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  107. SirDeshpande BV, Toogood PL (1995) Biochemistry (Washington) 34:9177

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  108. ter Haar E, Kowalski RJ, Hamel E, Lin CM, Longley RE, Gunasekera SP, Rosenkranz HS (1996) Biochemistry 35:243

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  109. Kowalski RJ, Giannakakou P, Gunasekera SP, Longley RE, Day BW, Hamel E (1997) Mol Pharmacol 52:613–622

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  110. Giannakakou P, Fojo T (2000) Clin Cancer Res 6:1613

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  111. Gunasekera SP, Longley RE, Isbrucker RA (2001) J Nat Prod 61:171

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Myles DC (2002) Ann Rep Med Chem 37:125

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. Rinehart KL (1997) In: Yamazaki M (ed) Medicinal Chemistry: Today and Tomorrow. Blackwell Science, London, p 7

    Google Scholar 

  114. Pain S (1996) New Scient 151:38

    Google Scholar 

  115. Valoti G, Nicoletti MI, Pellegrino A, Jimeno J, Hendricks H, D'Incalci M, Faircloth G, Giavazzi R (1998) Clin Cancer Res 4:1977

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  116. Mendola D (2003) Biomol Eng 20:441

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  117. Wender PA, DeBrabander J, Harran PG, Jimenez J-B, Koehler MFT, Lippa B, Park C-M, Siedenbiedel C, Pettit GR (1998) Proc Nat Acad Sci, USA 95:6624

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  118. Wender PA, Hinkle KW, Koehler MFT, Lippa B (1999) Med Res Rev 19:388

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  119. Olivera BM (2000) In: Fusetani N (ed) Drugs from the Sea. Karger, Basel, p 74

    Google Scholar 

  120. Rayl AJS (1999) The Scientist; http://www.the-scientist.com/yr1999/oct/rayl_p6_991011.html 13

  121. Cuevas C, Pérez M, Martin MJ, Chicharro JL, Fernández-Rivas C, Flores M, Francesch A, Gallego P, Zarzuelo M, de la Calle F, García J, Planco C, Rodríguez I, Manzanares I (2000) Org Lett 2:2545

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  122. Nerenberg JB (1993) PhD Thesis, Harvard University, MS

    Google Scholar 

  123. Smith ABI, Kaufman MD, Beauchamp TJ, LaMarche MJ, Arimoto H (1999) Org Lett 1:1823

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  124. Smith ABI, Beauchamp TJ, LaMarche MJ, Kaufman MD, Qiu Y, Arimoto H, Jones DR, Kobayashi K (2000) J Am Chem Soc 122:8654

    Article  Google Scholar 

  125. Smith ABI, Kaufman MD, Beauchamp TJ, LaMarche MJ, Arimoto H (2003) Org Lett 5:4405

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  126. Paterson I, Florence GJ (2003) Eur J Org Chem 2003:2193

    Article  Google Scholar 

  127. Francavilla C, Chen W, Kinder FRJ (2003) Org Lett 5:1233

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  128. Mickel SJ, Sedelmeier GH, Niederer D, Schuerch F, Seger M, Schreiner K, Daeffler R, Osmani A, Bixel D, Loiseleur O, Cercus J, Stettler H, Schaer K, Gamboni R (2004) Org Proc Res Develop 9

    Google Scholar 

  129. Mickel SJ, Sedelmeier GH, Niederer D, Schuerch F, Koch G, Kuesters E, Daeffler R, Osmani A, Seeger-Weibel M, Schmid E, Hirni A, Schaer K, Gamboni R (2004) Org Proc Res Develop 8:107

    Article  Google Scholar 

  130. Mickel SJ, Sedelmeier GH, Niederer D, Schuerch F, Grimler D, Koch G, Daeffler R, Osmani A, Hirni A, Schaer K, Gamboni R (2004) Org Proc Res Develop 8:101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  131. Mickel SJ, Sedelmeier GH, Niederer D, Daeffler R, Osmani A, Schreiner K, Seeger-Weibel M, Bérod B, Schaer K, Gamboni R (2004) Org Proc Res Develop 8:92

    Article  Google Scholar 

  132. Mickel SJ, Niederer D, Daeffler R, Osmani A, Kuesters E, Schmid E, Schaer K, Gamboni R (2004) Org Proc Res Develop 8:122

    Article  Google Scholar 

  133. Toonen R (1997) Reef Aquar Farm News 3: http://www.garf.org/news3p2.html

  134. Committee on Marine Invertebrates (1981) National Academy Press, Washington, DC, p 382

    Google Scholar 

  135. Smith WL, Chanley MH (1975) Plenum Press, New York, p 338

    Google Scholar 

  136. Spotte S (1970) Fish and Invertebrate Culture: Water Management in Closed Systems. Interscience Publishers, New York

    Google Scholar 

  137. Haywood M, Wells S (1989) The Manual of Marine Invertebrates. Salamander Books Ltd., Blacksburg, VA

    Google Scholar 

  138. Vasta GR, Marsh AG (1998) Agricultural Biotechnology, p 563

    Google Scholar 

  139. McEdward L (1995) Ecology of Marine Invertebrate Larvae. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL

    Google Scholar 

  140. Costello DP, Henley C (1971) Methods for Obtaining and Handling Marine Eggs and Embryos. Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA

    Google Scholar 

  141. Spotte S, Adams G, Bubucis PM (1984) Zoo Biol 3:229

    Article  Google Scholar 

  142. Lyman J, Fleming RH (1940) J Mar Res 3:134

    Google Scholar 

  143. Millero FJ (1996) Chemical Oceanography. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL

    Google Scholar 

  144. Grasshoff K, Ehrhardt M, Kremling K (1999) Methods of Seawater Analysis. Wiley-VCH, Weinheim

    Google Scholar 

  145. Goldman JC, McCarthy JJ (1978) Limnol Oceanogr 23:695

    Google Scholar 

  146. Riisgård HU, Manríquez P (1997) Mar Ecol Prog Ser 154:223–239

    Google Scholar 

  147. Jebram D (1973) Z Zool Syst Evolutionsforsch 11:1

    Google Scholar 

  148. Jebram D (1974) Docum Lab Géol Fac Sci Lyon 3:97

    Google Scholar 

  149. Jebram D (1977) In: Rechcigl M (ed) CRC Handbook Series in Nutrition and Food Section G: Diets, Culture Media, Food Supplements, vol. II. CRC Press, Cleveland, p 77

    Google Scholar 

  150. Jebram D (1977) In: Woollacott RM, Zimmer RL (eds) Biology of Bryozoans. Academic Press, New York, p 273

    Google Scholar 

  151. Jebram D, Rummert HD (1978) Zool Jahrb, Abt Syst Ökol Geogr Tiere 105:502

    Google Scholar 

  152. Jebram D (1979) Interrelations of nutrition, food uptake, and growth in bryozoans. Academic Press, London

    Google Scholar 

  153. Jebram D (1980) Zool Jb Syst 108:1

    Google Scholar 

  154. Jebram D (1980) Zool Jahrb, Abt Syst Ökol Geogr Tiere 107:368

    Google Scholar 

  155. Jebram D (1980) Zool Anz 205:333

    Google Scholar 

  156. O'Dea A, Okamura B (1999) Mar Biol 135:581

    Article  Google Scholar 

  157. Guillard RR, Ryther JH (1962) Can J Microbiol 8:229

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  158. Guillard RRL (1975) In: Smith WL, Chanley MH (eds) Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals. Plenum Publ Corp, New York, p 29

    Google Scholar 

  159. Guillard RRL (1983) In: Berg CJ Jr (ed) Culture of Marine Invertebrates: Selected Readings. Hutchinson Ross Publ Co., Stroudsburg, Pa, p 108

    Google Scholar 

  160. Spektorova L, Creswell RL, Vaughan D (1997) World Aquaculture 28:39

    Google Scholar 

  161. Ogbonna JC, Tanaka H (1997) Chemtech 27:43

    Google Scholar 

  162. Pulz O, Scheibenbogen K (1998) In: Scheper T (ed) Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol. 59. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 123

    Google Scholar 

  163. Apt KE, Behrens PW (1999) J Phycol 35:215

    Article  Google Scholar 

  164. James CM, Al Khars AM (1990) Aquaculture 87:3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  165. Jansen F (2001) PhD Thesis, Univ Kiel

    Google Scholar 

  166. Cysewski GR (1992) J Phycol 28:12

    Google Scholar 

  167. Kawasaki S, Obara H, Gibu S, Kinjou S (1989) In: Japanese Soc for Marine Biotechnology. Program of the First Int Marine Biotechnology Conf, p 79

    Google Scholar 

  168. Bonotto S (1988) Prog Oceanogr 21:207

    Article  Google Scholar 

  169. Gouveia L, Gomes E, Empis J (1997) J Appl Aquacult 7:61

    Google Scholar 

  170. Liao I-C, Su H-M, Lin J-H (1983) In: McVey JP (ed) Handbook of Mariculture, Vol. I Crustacean Aquaculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p 43

    Google Scholar 

  171. Sorgeloos P, Bossuyt E, Lavens P, Léger P, CVanhaecke P, Versichele D (1983) In: McVey JP (ed) Handbook of Mariculture, Vol. I Crustacean Aquaculture. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p 71

    Google Scholar 

  172. Støttrop JG (2000) Aquaculture Res 31:703

    Article  Google Scholar 

  173. Okamura B (1987) Biol Bull 173:222

    Google Scholar 

  174. Bock MJ, Miller DC (1996) J Mar Res 54:565

    Article  Google Scholar 

  175. Dolmer P (2000) J Sea Res 44:221

    Article  Google Scholar 

  176. Larsen PS, Riisgård HU (2002) J Sea Res 48:181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  177. Widdows J, Lucas JS, Brinsley MD, Salkeld PN, Staff FJ (2002) Helgol Mar Res 56:3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  178. Okamura B, Partridge JC (1999) Biol Bull 196:205

    Google Scholar 

  179. Mendola D (2000) In: Fusetani N (ed) Drugs from the Sea. Karger, Basel, p 120

    Google Scholar 

  180. Hadfield MG (1998) Biofouling 12:9

    Google Scholar 

  181. Hadfield MG (1986) Bull Mar Sci 39:165

    Google Scholar 

  182. Hadfield MG, Paul VJ (2001) In: McClintock JB, Baker BJ (eds) Marine Chemical Ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p 431

    Google Scholar 

  183. Chia F-S, Rice ME (1978) Settlement and Metamorphosis of Marine Invertebrate Larvae. Elsevier/North Holland Biomedical Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  184. Crisp DJ (1974) In: Grant PT, Mackie AM (eds) Chemoreception in Marine Organisms. Academic Press, New York, p 177

    Google Scholar 

  185. Pawlik JR (1992) In: Paul VJ (ed) Ecological Roles of Marine Natural Products. Cornell University Press, p 189

    Google Scholar 

  186. Pawlik JR (1992) Oceanogr Mar Biol Annu Rev 30:273

    Google Scholar 

  187. Kingsford MJ, Leis JM, Shanks A, Lindeman KC, Morgan SG, Pineda J (2002) Bull Mar Sci 70:309

    Google Scholar 

  188. Stebbing ARD (1971) Mar Biol 9:267

    Article  Google Scholar 

  189. Demoll R (1957) Früchte des Meeres. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  190. Cotte J (1908) Bull Bur Fish 28:587

    Google Scholar 

  191. Moore AR (1908) Bull Bur Fish 28:525

    Google Scholar 

  192. Arndt W (1928) Zool Jahrb 45:343

    Google Scholar 

  193. Osinga R, Tramper J, Wijffels RH (1999) Mar Biotechnol 1:509

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  194. Brümmer F, Nickel M (2003) In: Müller WEG (ed) Sponges (Porifera). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 143

    Google Scholar 

  195. Müller WEG, Wimmer W, Schatton W, Böhm M, Batel R, Filic Z (1999) Mar Biotechnol 1:569

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  196. Osinga R, Tramper J, Wijffels RH (1998) Trends Biotechnol 16:130

    Article  Google Scholar 

  197. Simpson TL (1984) The Cell Biology of Sponges. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York

    Google Scholar 

  198. Koziol C, Borojevic R, Steffen R, Müller WEG (1998) Mech Ageing Dev 100:107

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  199. Duckworth AR, Battershill CN (2003) Aquaculture 217:139

    Article  Google Scholar 

  200. Brümmer F, Fischer I, Leitermann F, Götz M, Nickel M, Hentschel U (2002) Bull Mus Ist Biol Univ Genova 66/67:37

    Google Scholar 

  201. Osinga R, de Beukelaer PB, Meijer EM, Tramper J, Wijffels RH (1999) J Biotechnol 70:155

    Article  Google Scholar 

  202. Osinga R, Kleijn R, Groenendijk E, Niesink P, Tramper J, Wijffels RH (2001) Mar Biotechnol 3:544

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  203. Nickel M (2001) Arb Mitt Biol Inst Univ Stuttgart 32:1

    Google Scholar 

  204. Armstrong E, McKenzie JD, Goldsworthy GT (1999) J Biotechnol 70:163

    Article  Google Scholar 

  205. Müller WEG, Eisinger M, Pater M, van Treeck P, Schuhmacher H (2002) Boll Mus Ist Biol Univ Genova 66/67:138

    Google Scholar 

  206. Abrell LM, Borgeson B, Crews P (1996) Tetrahedron Lett 37:8983

    Article  Google Scholar 

  207. Wang GYS, Abrell LM, Avelar A, Borgeson BM, Crews P (1998) Tetrahedron 54:7335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  208. Pomponi S, Willoughby R (1994) In: van Soest RWM, van Kempen TMG, Braekman JC (eds) Sponges in Time and Space; Biology, Chemistry, Paleontology. Balkemia, Rotterdam, p 395

    Google Scholar 

  209. Schröder HC, Brümmer F, Fattorusso E, Aiello A, Menna M, de Rosa S, Batel R, Müller WEG (2003) In: Müller WEG (ed) Sponges (Porifera). Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 163

    Google Scholar 

  210. Pomponi SA, Willoughby R, Kaighn ME, Wright AE (1997) In: Maramorosch K, Mitsuhashi J (eds) Invertebrate Cell Culture: Novel Directions and Biotechnology Applications. Science Publishers Inc, Enfield, NH, p 231

    Google Scholar 

  211. Pomponi SA, Willoughby R, Kelly-Borges M (1998) In: Cooksey K (ed) Molecular Approaches to the Study of the Ocean. Chapman & Hall, London, p 423

    Google Scholar 

  212. Pomponi SA, Willoughby R (2000) In: Mothersill C, Austin B (eds) Aquatic Invertebrate Cell Culture. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 323

    Google Scholar 

  213. de Rosa S, de Caro S, Iodice C, Tommonaro G, Stefanov K, Popov S (2003) J Biotechnol 100:119

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  214. Custodio MR, Prokic I, Steffen R, Koziol C, Borojevic R, Brümmer F, Nickel M, Müller WEG (1998) Mech Ageing Develop 105:45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  215. Müller WEG (2002) In Vitro Cell Dev Biol 38(7):1

    Google Scholar 

  216. Le Pennec G, Perovic S, Ammar MSA, Grebenjuk VA, Steffen R, Brümmer F, Müller WEG (2003) J Biotechnol 100:93

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  217. Sipkema D, van Wielink R, van Lammeren AAM, Tramper J, Osinga R, Wijffels RH (2003) J Biotechnol 100:127

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  218. Belarbi EH, Contreras Gómez A, Chisti Y, García Camacho F, Molina Grima E (2003) Biotechnol Adv 21:585

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  219. Müller WEG, Brümmer F, Le Pennec G, Schröder HC (2003) Marine Biotechnology: An Overview of Leading Fields, vol. Actes Colloq. IFREMER 36 Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Brest, p 41

    Google Scholar 

  220. Sipkema D, Tramper J, Osinga R, Wijffels RH (2003) In: Colliec-Jouault S, Bergé JP, Guézennec J, Le Gal Y, Roy P (eds) Marine Biotechnology: an Overview of Leading Fields, vol. 36 Ifremer Actes de Colloques, p 56

    Google Scholar 

  221. Zhang W, Zhang X, Cao X, Xu J, Zhao Q, Yu X, Jin M, Deng M (2003) J Biotechnol 100:161

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  222. Jebram D (1973) Kieler Meeresforsch 29:50

    Google Scholar 

  223. Kayser H (1984) Helgoländer Meeresunters 38:35

    Google Scholar 

  224. Emschermann P (1987) Arch Hydrobiol 108:425

    Google Scholar 

  225. Jebram D (1970) Helgoländer Wiss Meeresuntersuch 20:276

    Google Scholar 

  226. Okano K, Hunter E, Fusetani N (1996) J Exp Zool 276:138

    Article  Google Scholar 

  227. Okano K, Hunter E (2000) In: Mothersill C, Brian A (eds) Aquatic Invertebrate Cell Culture. Springer & Praxis Publishing, Berlin, Chichester, p 293

    Google Scholar 

  228. Kahle J, Liebezeit G, Gerdes G (2003) Hydrobiologia 503:237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  229. Baker JT (1974) Endeavour 33:11

    Article  Google Scholar 

  230. Mitra D, Chatterji A (2002) United States Patent 6770302

    Google Scholar 

  231. Commission on Geosciences, Ocean Studies Board (1999) From Monsoons to Microbes: Understanding the Ocean's Role in Human Health. The National Academies Press

    Google Scholar 

  232. Switzer-Dunlap M, Hadfield MG (1981) In: Invertebrates CoM (ed) Laboratory Animal Management Marine Invertebrates. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, p 199

    Google Scholar 

  233. Switzer-Dunlap M, Hadfield MG (1977) J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 29:245

    Article  Google Scholar 

  234. Plaut I, Borut A, Spira ME (1995) Mar Biol 122:425

    Article  Google Scholar 

  235. Strenth NE, Blankenship JE (1978) Veliger 21:99

    Google Scholar 

  236. Paige JA (1986) Veliger 29:64

    Google Scholar 

  237. Palatzidis S, Yamasaki S, Imai T (1996) Isr J Aquacult Bamidgeh 48:112

    Google Scholar 

  238. Carefoot TH (1979) Can J Zool 57:2271

    Google Scholar 

  239. Carefoot TH (1967) Comp Biochem Physiol 21:627

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  240. Mianmanus R (1984) J Shellfish Res 4:95

    Google Scholar 

  241. Bayne CJ (1998) Meth Cell Biol 57:187

    Google Scholar 

  242. Rinkevich B (1999) J Biotechnol 70:133

    Article  Google Scholar 

  243. Pennec JP, Gallet M, Gioux M, Dorange G (2002) Cell Mol Biol 48:351

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  244. Novitsky TJ (1988) Oceanus 27:13

    Google Scholar 

  245. Mikkelsen T (1988) The Secret in the Blue Blood. Science Press, Beijing

    Google Scholar 

  246. Walls EA, Berkson J (2003) Fish Bull 101:457

    Google Scholar 

  247. Berkson J, Schuster CNJ (1999) Fisheries 11:6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  248. Meyer T, Michels S, Schrading E (2003) http://www.asmfc.org/speciesDocuments/horseshoeCrab/fmpreviews2002.pdf

  249. Gonzalez-Uribe JF, Ortega-Salas AA, Lavens P, Sorgeloos P, Jaspers E, Ollevier F (1991) Spec Publ Eur Aquacult Soc 15:264

    Google Scholar 

  250. Cuomo C, Bartholomew PR (2001) J Shellfish Res 20:515

    Google Scholar 

  251. Gibson DG, III, Hilly JB (1992) US Patent 5,082,782. Worcester Polytechnic Institute, Worcester, MA

    Google Scholar 

  252. Osing O (1968) Frontiers 14:18

    Google Scholar 

  253. Turk SM (1982) Conchol Newslett 83:39

    Google Scholar 

  254. van den Spiegel D (1995) Oceanorama 1995:3

    Google Scholar 

  255. DeMoor S, Waite JH, Jangoux M, Flammang P (2003) Mar Biotechnol 5:45

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  256. Grebel-Köhler D (1999) Diploma Thesis, University of Oldenburg

    Google Scholar 

  257. Jensen RA, Morse DE (1988) J Comp Physiol 158:317

    Google Scholar 

  258. Jensen RA (1992) Biofouling 5:177

    Google Scholar 

  259. Waite JH (1988) In: Thompson MF, Sarojini R, Nagabhushanam R (eds) Marine Biodeterioration: Advanced Techniques Applicable to Indian Ocean, p 35

    Google Scholar 

  260. Waite JH, Hansen DC, Little KT (1989) J Comp Physiol 159B:517

    Google Scholar 

  261. Waite JH (1990) Comp Biochem Physiol 97B:19

    Google Scholar 

  262. Waite JH (1991) Chem Ind (London):607

    Google Scholar 

  263. Waite JH, Qin X (2001) Biochem 40:2887

    Article  Google Scholar 

  264. Rzepecki LM, Waite JH (1995) Mol Mar Biol Biotechnol 4:313

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  265. Yamamoto H (1998) Biofutur June:51

    Google Scholar 

  266. Yamamoto H (1995) Biotechn Genet Eng Rev 13:133

    Google Scholar 

  267. Burns E, Ilan M (2003) Mar Ecol Prog Ser 252:115

    Google Scholar 

  268. Shimizu K, Cha J, Stucky GD, Morse DE (1998) Proc Nat Acad Sci USA 95:6234

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  269. Cha JN, Shimizu K, Zhou Y, Christiansen SC, Chmelka BF, Stucky GD, Morse DE (1999) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 96:361

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  270. Vrieling EG, Beelen TPM, van Santen RA, Gieskes WWC (1999) J Biotechnol 70:39

    Article  Google Scholar 

  271. Sumerel JL, Morse DE (2003) In: Müller WEG (ed) Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol. 33. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 225

    Google Scholar 

  272. Hildebrand M, Wetherbee R (2003) In: Müller WEG (ed) Progress in Molecular and Subcellular Biology, vol. 33. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, p 11

    Google Scholar 

  273. White RA, White EW (2003) In: Committee on Marine Biotechnology: Biomedical Applications of Marine Natural Products NRC (ed) Marine Biotechnology in the Twenty-First Century: Problems, Promise, and Products. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, p 79

    Google Scholar 

  274. White RA, Weber JN, White EW (1972) Science 176:922

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  275. IMO (2002) http://www.imo.org/includes/blast_bindoc.asp?doc_id=419&format=PDF

  276. Evans SM, Birchenough AC, Brancato MS (2000) Mar Poll Bull 40:204

    Article  Google Scholar 

  277. Ranke J (2002) Environ Sci Technol 36:1539

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  278. Clare AS (1996) Biofouling 9:211

    Google Scholar 

  279. Steinberg PD, de Nys R, Kjelleberg S (2001) In: McClintock JB, Baker BJ (eds) Marine Chemical Ecology. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p 355

    Google Scholar 

  280. Hattori T, Adachi K, Shizuri Y (1997) J Nat Prod 60:411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  281. Kon Ya K, Shimidzu N, Adachi K, Miki W (1994) Fish Sci 60:773

    Google Scholar 

  282. Sera Y, Iida S, Adachi K, Shizuri Y (2001) Mar Biotechnol 3:314

    Google Scholar 

  283. Newbold RW, Jensen PR, Fenical W, Pawlik JR (1999) Aquat Microb Ecol 19:279

    Google Scholar 

  284. Holmström C, Kjelleberg S (1999) FEMS Microbiol Ecol 30:285

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  285. Winfree RA (1989) World Aquacult 20:24

    Google Scholar 

  286. http://www.floridaaquaculture.com/BAD/BAD_IndustrySegs.htm

  287. Corbin JS, Young LGL (1995) Rep 18th Legislature 1996 Reg Sess, Hawaii, USA

    Google Scholar 

  288. Olive PJW (1994) In: Dauvin JC, Laubier L, Reish DH (eds) Actes de la 4eme Conference Internationale des Polychaetes, Mem Mus natn Hist Nat 162, p 603

    Google Scholar 

  289. Irvine SQ, Martindale MQ (1999) Mar Mod Elec Rec [serial online]; http://www.mbl.edu/html/BB/MMER/IRV/IrvTit.html

  290. Rinkevich B, Shafir S (1998) Aquar Sci Conserv 2:237

    Article  Google Scholar 

  291. Calado R, Narciso L, Morais S, Rhyne AL, Lin J (2003) Aquaculture 218:329

    Article  Google Scholar 

  292. Ellis S, Sharron L (1997) The culture of soft corals (Order: Acyonacea) for the marine aquarium trade. Center Trop Subtrop Aquaculture

    Google Scholar 

  293. Rippingale RJ, Payne MF (2001) Fisheries Research and Development Corporation Australia, Report Project No 1996/398:1

    Google Scholar 

  294. Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems (1989) Contaminated Marine Sediments: Assessment and Remediation. The National Academies Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  295. Goerke H (1979) Veröff Inst Meeresforsch Bremerh 17:151

    Google Scholar 

  296. Kaiser HE (1980) Species-Specific Potential of Invertebrates for Toxicological Research. University Park Press, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  297. Angel DL, Eden N, Breitstein S, Yurman A, Katz T, Spanier E (2002) Hydrobiologia 469:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  298. Pronzato R, Bavestrello G, Cerrano C, Magnino G, Manconi R, Pantelis J, Sara A, Sidri M (1999) Mem Queens Mus 44:485

    Google Scholar 

  299. Costa PF, Passos AM, da Fonseca LC (2003) World Aquacult 34:41

    Google Scholar 

  300. Lubzens E, Zmora O, Barr Y (2001) Hydrobiologia 446/447:337

    Article  Google Scholar 

  301. Sukhareva NN (2003) Biologically Active Substances from Protozoa. Kluwer, Dordrecht

    Google Scholar 

  302. Rinehart KL (1992) CIBA Foundation Symposia 171:236

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  303. Rinehart KL, Sings HL (1996) J Ind Microbiol 17:385

    Article  Google Scholar 

  304. Fenical W (1993) Chem Rev 93:1673

    Article  Google Scholar 

  305. Davidson BS (1995) Curr Opinion Biotechnol 6:284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  306. Harrigan GG, Goetz G (2002) J Appl Phycol 14:103

    Article  Google Scholar 

  307. Armstrong E, Yan L, Boyd KG, Wright PC, Burgess JG (2001) Hydrobiologia 461:37

    Article  Google Scholar 

  308. Rahbaek L, Sperry S, Piper JE, Crews P (1998) J Nat Prod 61:1571

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  309. Wang GYS, Borgeson BM, Crews P (1997) Tetrahedron Lett 38:8449

    Article  Google Scholar 

  310. Wright AD, Osterhage C, König GM (2003) Org Biomol Chem 1:507

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  311. Webster NS, Wilson KJ, Blackall LL, Hill RT (2001) Appl Environ Microbiol 67:434

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  312. Characklis WG, Marshall KC (1990) Wiley, New York

    Google Scholar 

  313. Lewandowski Z (1998) Corrosion 296:1

    Google Scholar 

  314. Stickler D (1999) Curr Opinion Microbiol 2:270

    Article  Google Scholar 

  315. Characklis WG (1990) In: Characklis WG, Marshall KC (eds) Biofilms. Wiley, New York, p 523

    Google Scholar 

  316. Colwell RR (1984) In: Colwell RR (ed) Biotechnology in the Marine Sciences. Proc 1st Ann MIT Sea Grant Lect Seminar, p 221

    Google Scholar 

  317. Fletcher M (1994) Curr Opinion Biotechnol 5:302

    Article  Google Scholar 

  318. White DC, Kirkegaard RD, Palmer RJ Jr, Flemming CA, Chen G, Leung KT, Phiefer CB, Arrage AA (1999) Keevil CW, Godfree A, Holt D, Dow C (eds) Biofilms in the Aquatic Environment, vol. Spec Publ 242. Roy Soc Chem, London, p 120

    Google Scholar 

  319. Burgess JG, Jordan EM, Bregu M, Mearns-Spragg A, Boyd KG (1999) J Biotechnol 70:27

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  320. Doshida J, Hasegawa H, Onuki C, Shimidzu N (1996) J Antibiotics 49:1105

    Google Scholar 

  321. Osinga R, Armstrong E, Burgess JG, Hoffmann F, Reitner J, Schumann-Kindel G (2001) Hydrobiologia 461:55

    Article  Google Scholar 

  322. Davidson SK, Haygood MG (2001) Appl Env Microbiol 67:4531

    Article  Google Scholar 

  323. Todd JS, Alvi KA, Crews P (1992) Tetrahedron Lett 33:441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  324. Tsukamoto S, Ishibashi M, Sasaki T, Kobayashi J (1991) J Chem Soc Perkin Trans I:3185

    Google Scholar 

  325. Kitagawa I, Kobayashi M, Katon T, Yamashita M, Tanaka J, Doi M, Ishida T (1990) J Am Chem Soc 112:3710

    Article  Google Scholar 

  326. Bewley CA, Holland ND, Faulkner DJ (1996) Experientia 52:716

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  327. Rumpho ME, Summer EJ, Manhart JR (2000) Plant Physiol 123:29

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  328. Miki W, Otaki N, Yokoyama A, Kusumi T (1996) Experientia 52:93

    Article  Google Scholar 

  329. Unson MD, Faulkner DJ (1993) Experientia 49:349

    Article  Google Scholar 

  330. Unson MD, Holland ND, Faulkner DJ (1994) Mar Biol 119:1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  331. Müller WEG, Böhm M, Batel R, De Rosa S, Tommonaro G, Müller IM, Schröder HC (2000) J Nat Prod 63:1077

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  332. Fahey SJ, Garson MJ (2002) J Chem Ecol 28:1773

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  333. Russell FE, Egen NB (1991) J Toxicol: Toxin Rev 10:37

    Google Scholar 

  334. Quod JP, Turquet J, Diogene G, Fessard V (1995) In: Lassus P, Arzul G, Erard-Le Denn E, Gentien P, Marcaillou-Le Baut C (eds) Harmful Marine Algal Blooms. Lavoisier, Paris, p 815

    Google Scholar 

  335. Barrow KD (1983) In: Scheuer PJ (ed) Marine Natural Products, vol. V. Academic Press, New York, p 51

    Google Scholar 

  336. Moore RE (1983) In: Scheuer PJ (ed) Marine Natural Products, vol. V. Academic Press, New York, p 51

    Google Scholar 

  337. Mebs D (1985) J Chem Ecol 11:713

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Centre Terramare, Schleusenstrasse 1, 26382, Wilhelmshaven, Germany

    Gerd Liebezeit

Authors
  1. Gerd Liebezeit
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gerd Liebezeit .

Editor information

Roland Ulber Yves Le Gal

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Liebezeit, G. Aquaculture of “Non-Food Organisms” for Natural Substance Production. In: Ulber, R., Le Gal, Y. (eds) Marine Biotechnology II. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 97. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b135821

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation