Abstract
This article gives an overview of current analysis techniques for the screening and the activity analysis of metabolites from marine (micro)organisms. The sequencing of marine genomes and the techniques of functional genomics (including transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome analyses) open up new possibilities for the screening of new metabolites of biotechnological interest. Although the sequencing of microbial marine genomes has been somewhat limited to date, selected genome sequences of marine bacteria and algae have already been published. This report summarizes the application of the techniques of functional genomics, such as transcriptome analysis in combination with high-resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis and mass spectrometry, for the screening for bioactive compounds of marine microorganisms. Furthermore, the target analysis of antimicrobial compounds by proteome or transcriptome analysis of bacterial model systems is described. Recent high-throughput screening techniques are explained. Finally, new approaches for the screening of metabolites from marine microorganisms are discussed.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Lindequist U, Schweder T (2001) In: Rehm HJ, Reed G (eds) Biotechnology, vol 10: Special processes. Wiley VCH, pp 441–484
Staley J (2002) Biodiversity of microbial life. Wiley-Liss, New York
Smith DR, Doucette-Stamm LA, Deloughery C, Lee H, Dubois J, Aldredge T, Bashirzadeh R, Blakely D, Cook R, Gilbert K, Harrison D, Hoang L, Keagle P, Lumm W, Pothier B, Qiu D, Spadafora R, Vicaire R, Wang Y, Wierzbowski J, Gibson R, Jiwani N, Caruso A, Bush D, Reeve JN, et al. (1997) J Bacteriol 179:7135–55
Nakamura Y, Kaneko T, Hirosawa M, Miyajima N, Tabata S (1998) Nucleic Acids Res 26:63–67
Deckert G, Warren PV, Gaasterland T, Young WG, Lenox AL, Graham DE, Overbeek R, Snead MA, Keller M, Aujay M, Huber R, Feldman RA, Short JM, Olsen GJ, Swanson RV (1998) Nature 392:353–358
Kawarabayasi Y, Hino Y, Horikawa H, Yamazaki S, Haikawa Y, Jin-no K, Takahashi M, Sekine M, Baba S, Ankai A, Kosugi H, Hosoyama A, Fukui S, Nagai Y, Nishijima K, Nakazawa H, Takamiya M, Masuda S, Funahashi T, Tanaka T, Kudoh Y, Yamazaki J, Kushida N, Oguchi A, Kikuchi H, et al. (1999) DNA Research 6:83–101
Golyshin PN, Martins Dos Santos VA, Kaiser O, Ferrer M, Sabirova YS, Lunsdorf H, Chernikova TN, Golyshina OV, Yakimov MM, Puhler A, Timmis KN (2003) J Biotechnol 106:215–220
Kaneko T, Nakamura Y, Wolk CP, Kuritz T, Sasamoto S, Watanabe A, Iriguchi M, Ishikawa A, Kawashima K, Kimura T, Kishida Y, Kohara M, Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Muraki A, Nakazaki N, Shimpo S, Sugimoto M, Takazawa M, Yamada M, Yasuda M, Tabata S (2001) DNA Res 8:205–13; 227–253
http://wit.integratedgenomics.com/GOLD/index.cgi?want=Prokaryotic+Ongoing+Genomes
Eisen JA, Nelson KE, Paulsen IT, Heidelberg JF, Wu M, Dodson RJ, Deboy R, Gwinn ML, Nelson WC, Haft DH, Hickey EK, Peterson JD, Durkin AS, Kolonay JL, Yang F, Holt I, Umayam LA, Mason T, Brenner M, Shea TP, Parksey D, Nierman WC, Feldblyum TV, Hansen CL, Craven MB, Radune D, Vamathevan J, Khouri H, White O, Gruber TM, Ketchum KA, Venter JC, Tettelin H, Bryant DA, Fraser CM (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:9509–9514
Saunders NFW, Thomas T, Curmi PMG, Mattick JS, Kuczek E, Slade R, Davis J, Franzmann PD, Boone D, Rusterholtz K, Feldman K, Gates C, Bench S, Sowers K, Kadner K, Aerts A, Dehal P, Detter C, Glavina T, Lucas S, Richardson P, Larimer F, Hauser L, Land M, Cavicchioli R (2003) Genome Res 13:1580–1588
Bult CJ, White O, Olsen GJ, Zhou L, Fleischmann RD, Sutton GG, Blake JA, FitzGerald LM, Clayton RA, Gocayne JD, Kerlavage AR, Dougherty BA, Tomb JF, Adams MD, Reich CI, Overbeek R, Kirkness EF, Weinstock KG, Merrick JM, Glodek A, Scott JL, Geoghagen NS, Venter JC (1996) Science 273:1058–1073
Slesarev AI, Mezhevaya KV, Makarova KS, Polushin NN, Shcherbinina OV, Shakhova VV, Belova GI, Aravind L, Natale DA, Rogozin IB, Tatusov RL, Wolf YI, Stetter KO, Malykh AG, Koonin EV, Kozyavkin SA (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:4644–4649
Waters E, Hohn MJ, Ahel I, Graham DE, Adams MD, Barnstead M, Beeson KY, Bibbs L, Bolanos R, Keller M, Kretz K, Lin X, Mathur E, Ni J, Podar M, Richardson T, Sutton GG, Simon M, Soll D, Stetter KO, Short JM, Noordewier M (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:12 984–12 988
Takami H, Takaki Y, Uchiyama I (2002) Nucleic Acids Res 30:3927–3935
Dufresne A, Salanoubat M, Partensky F, Artiguenave F, Axmann IM, Barbe V, Duprat S, Galperin MY, Koonin EV, Le Gall F, Makarova KS, Ostrowski M, Oztas S, Robert C, Rogozin IB, Scanlan DJ, Tandeau de Marsac N, Weissenbach J, Wincker P, Wolf YI, Hess WR (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:10 020–10 025
Rocap G, Larimer FW, Lamerdin J, Malfatti S, Chain P, Ahlgren NA, Arellano A, Coleman M, Hauser L, Hess WR, Johnson ZI, Land M, Lindell D, Post AF, Regala W, Shah M, Shaw SL, Steglich C, Sullivan MB, Ting CS, Tolonen A, Webb EA, Zinser ER, Chisholm SW (2003) Nature 424:1042
Fitz-Gibbon ST, Ladner H, Kim UJ, Stetter KO, Simon MI, Miller JH (2002) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 99:984–989
Cohen GN, Barbe V, Flament D, Galperin M, Heilig R, Lecompte O, Poch O, Prieur D, Querellou J, Ripp R, Thierry JC, Van der Oost J, Weissenbach J, Zivanovic Y, Forterre P (2003) Mol Microbiol 47:1495–1512
Robb FT, Maeder DL, Brown JR, DiRuggiero J, Stump MD, Yeh RK, Weiss RB, Dunn DM (2001) Methods Enzymol 330:134–157
Kawarabayasi Y, Sawada M, Horikawa H, Haikawa Y, Hino Y, Yamamoto S, Sekine M, Baba S, Kosugi H, Hosoyama A, Nagai Y, Sakai M, Ogura K, Otsuka R, Nakazawa H, Takamiya M, Ohfuku Y, Funahashi T, Tanaka T, Kudoh Y, Yamazaki J, Kushida N, Oguchi A, Aoki K, Kikuchi H (1998) DNA Research 5:55–76
Glockner FO, Kube M, Bauer M, Teeling H, Lombardot T, Ludwig W, Gade D, Beck A, Borzym K, Heitmann K, Rabus R, Schlesner H, Amann R, Reinhardt R (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8298–8303
Kawarabayasi Y, Hino Y, Horikawa H, Jin-no K, Takahashi M, Sekine M, Baba S, Ankai A, Kosugi H, Hosoyama A, Fukui S, Nagai Y, Nishijima K, Otsuka R, Nakazawa H, Takamiya M, Kato Y, Yoshizawa T, Tanaka T, Kudoh Y, Yamazaki J, Kushida N, Oguchi A, Aoki K, Masuda S, Yanagii M, Nishimura M, Yamagishi A, Oshima T, Kikuchi H (2001) DNA Research 31:123–140
Palenik B, Brahamsha B, Larimer FW, Land M, Hauser L, Chain P, Lamerdin J, Regala W, Allen EE, McCarren J, Paulsen I, Dufresne A, Partensky F, Webb EA, Waterbury J (2003) Nature 424:1037–1042
Kaneko T, Sato S, Kotani H, Tanaka A, Asamizu E, Nakamura Y, Miyajima N, Hirosawa M, Sugiura M, Sasamoto S, Kimura T, Hosouchi T, Matsuno A, Muraki A, Nakazaki N, Naruo K, Okumura S, Shimpo S, Takeuchi C, Wada T, Watanabe A, Yamada M, Yasuda M, Tabata S (1996) DNA Research 3:109–136
Nakamura Y, Kaneko T, Sato S, Ikeuchi M, Katoh H, Sasamoto S, Watanabe A, Iriguchi M, Kawashima K, Kimura T, Kishida Y, Kiyokawa C, Kohara M, Matsumoto M, Matsuno A, Nakazaki N, Shimpo S, Sugimoto M, Takeuchi C, Yamada M, Tabata S (2002) DNA Research 9:123–130
Nelson KE, Clayton RA, Gill SR, Gwinn ML, Dodson RJ, Haft DH, Hickey EK, Peterson JD, Nelson WC, Ketchum KA, McDonald L, Utterback TR, Malek JA, Linher KD, Garrett MM, Stewart AM, Cotton MD, Pratt MS, Phillips CA, Richardson D, Heidelberg J, Sutton GG, Fleischmann RD, Eisen JA, Fraser CM, et al. (1999) Nature 399:323–329
Chung-Yung C, Keh-Ming W, Yo-Cheng C, Chuan-Hsiung C, Hui-Chi T, Tsai-Lien L, Yen-Ming L, Hsiang-Ju C, Bo-Ting AS, Jian-Chiuan L, Teh-Li S, Chung-Ping S, Chung-Te L, Lien-I H, Shih-Feng T (2003) Genome Res 13:2577–2587
http://wit.integratedgenomics.com/GOLD/index.cgi?want=Prokaryotic+Ongoing+Genomes
Schüler D, personal communication
Danchin A, personal communication
Dufresne A, Salanoubat M, Partensky F, Artiguenave F, Axmann IM, Barbe V, Duprat S, Galperin MY, Koonin EV, Le Gall F, Makarova KS, Ostrowski M, Oztas S, Robert C, Rogozin IB, Scanlan DJ, Tandeau de Marsac N, Weissenbach J, Wincker P, Wolf YI, Hess WR (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:10 020–10 025
Rocap G, Larimer FW, Lamerdin J, Malfatti S, Chain P, Ahlgren NA, Arellano A, Coleman M, Hauser L, Hess WR, Johnson ZI, Land M, Lindell D, Post AF, Regala W, Shah M, Shaw SL, Steglich C, Sullivan MB, Ting CS, Tolonen A, Webb EA, Zinser ER, Chisholm SW (2003) Nature 424:1042–1047
Partensky F, Hess WR, Vaulot D (1999) Microbiol Mol Biol Rev 63:106–127
Glöckner FO, Kube M, Bauer M, Teeling H, Lombardot T, Ludwig W, Gade D, Beck A, Borzym K, Heitmann K, Rabus R, Schlesner H, Amann R, Reinhardt R (2003) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 100:8298–8303
Distel DL, Lane DJ, Olsen GJ, Giovannoni SJ, Pace B, Pace NR, Stahl DA, Felbeck H (1988) J Bacteriol 170:2506–2510
Paul JH, Sullivan MB, Segall AM, Rohwer F (2002) Comp Biochem Physiol Part B 133:464–476
Liu J, Dehbi M, Moeck G, Arhin F, Bauda P, Bergeron D, Callejo M, Ferretti V, Ha N, Kwan T, McCarty J, Srikumar R, Williams D, Wu JJ, Gros P, Pelletier J, DuBow M (2004) Nat Biotechnol 22:185–191
Olsen GJ, Woese CR (1993) FASEB J 7:113–123
Ludwig W, Strunk O, Klugbauer S, Klugbauer N, Weizenegger M, Neumaier J, Bachleitner M, Schleifer KH (1998) Electrophoresis 19:554–568
DeLong EF (2001) Curr Opin Microbiol 4:290–295
Hugenholtz P, Goebel BM, Pace NR (1998) J Bacteriol 180:4765–4774
Amann R, Fuchs BM, Behrens S (2001) Curr Opin Biotechnol 12:231–236
DeLong EF, Schleper C, Feldman R, Swanson RV (1999) Biol Bull 196:363–365
Handelsman J, Rondon MR, Brady SF, Clardy J, Goodman RM (1998) Chem Biol 5:245–249
Rodriguez-Valera F (2002) Environ Microbiol 4:628–633
Stein JL, Marsh TL, Wu KY, Shizuya H, DeLong EF (1996) J Bacteriol 178:591–599
Beja O, Suzuki MT, Koonin EV, Aravind L, Hadd A, Nguyen LP, Villacorta R, Amjadi M, Garrigues C, Jovanovich SB, Feldman RA, DeLong EF (2000) Environ Microbiol 2:516–29
Beja O, Aravind L, Koonin EV, Suzuki MT, Hadd A, Nguyen LP, Jovanovich SB, Gates CM, Feldman RA, Spudich JL, Spudich EN, DeLong EF (2000) Science 289:1902–1906
Shizuya H, Birren B, Kim UJ, Mancino V, Slepak T, Tachiiri Y, Simon M (1992) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 89:8794–8797
Schleper C, DeLong EF, Preston CM, Feldman RA, Wu KY, Swanson RV (1998) J Bacteriol 180:5003–5009
Beja O, Spudich EN, Spudich JL, Leclerc M, DeLong EF (2001) Nature 416:786–789
Beja O, Koonin EV, Aravind L, Taylor LT, Seitz H, Stein JL, Bensen DC, Feldman RA, Swanson RV, DeLong EF (2002) Appl Environ Microbiol 68:335–345
Gill I, Valivety R (1997) TIBTECH 15:401–409
Yazawa, K (1996) Lipids 31:297–300
Takeyama H, Takeda D, Yazawa K, Yamada A, Matsunaga T (1997) Microbiology 143:2725–2731
Nystrom T, Flardh K, Kjelleberg S (1990) J Bacteriol 172:7085–7097
Nystrom T, Olsson RM, Kjelleberg S (1992) Appl Environ Microbiol 58:55–65
Gross M, Kosmowsky IJ, Lorenz R, Molitoris HP, Jaenicke R (1994) Electrophoresis 15:1559–1565
Rabus R, Gade D, Helbig R, Bauer M, Glockner FO, Kube M, Schlesner H, Reinhardt R, Amann R (2002) Proteomics 2:649–655
Doino Lemus J, McFall-Ngai MJ (2000) Appl Environ Microbiol 66:4091–4097
Lopez JL, Marina A, Alvarez G, Vazquez J (2002) Proteomics 2:1658–1665
Okamoto OK, Hastings JW (2003) Gene 321:73–81
Peplies J, Glockner FO, Amann R (2003) Appl Environ Microbiol 69:1397–1407
Liu W-T, Mirzabekov AD, Stahl DA (2001) Environ Microbiol 3:619–629
Wu L, Thompson DK, Li G, Hurt RA, Tiedje JM, Zhou J (2001) Appl Environ Microbiol 67:5780–5790
Rosamond J, Allsop A (2000) Science 287:1973–1976
Jones RN, Pfaller MA (1998) Diagn Microbiol Infect Dis 31:379–388
File TM Jr (1999) Chest 115:3–8
Dobrindt U, Blum-Oehler G, Nagy G, Schneider G, Johann A, Gottschalk G, Hacker J (2002) Infect Immun 70:6365–6372
Oelschlaeger TA, Dobrindt U, Hacker J (2002) Int J Antimicrob Agents 19:517–521
Hacker J, Hentschel U, Dobrindt U (2003) Science 301:790–793
Chen CY, Wu KM, Chang YC, Chang CH, Tsai HC, Liao TL, Liu YM, Chen HJ, Shen AB, Li JC, Su TL, Shao CP, Lee CT, Hor LI, Tsai SF (2003) Genome Res 13:2577–2587
Gerth K, Pradella S, Perlova O, Beyer S, Müller R (2003) J Biotechnol 106:233–253
Jensen PR, Fenical W (1994) Annu Rev Microbiol 48:559–584
Bernan VS, Greenstein M, Maiese WM (1997) Adv Appl Microbiol 43:57–90
Rappe MS, Connon SA, Vergin KL, Giovannoni SJ (2002) Nature 418:630–633
Button DK, Schut F, Quang P, Martin R, Robertson BR (1993) Appl Envir Microbiol 59:881–891
Eder W, Jahnke LL, Schmidt M, Huber R (2001) Appl Envir Microbiol 67:3077–3085
Lee N, Nielsen PH, Andreasen KH, Juretschko S, Nielsen JL, Schleifer KH, Wagner M (1999) Appl Environ Microbiol 65:1289–1297
Bruns A, Cypionka H, Overmann J (2002) Appl Environ Microbiol 68:3978–3987
Burja AM, Abou-Mansour E, Banaigs B, Payri C, Burgess JG, Wright PC (2002) J Microbiol Methods 48:207–219
Slattery M, Rajbhandari I, Wesson K (2001) Microb Ecol 41:90–96
Faulkner DJ (2000) Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 77:135–145
Pfefferle CM, Suessmuth RD (2003) Screening 5:41–43
Schmid I, Sattler I, Grabley S, Thiericke R (1999) BIOforum 1–2:17–20, and 5:261–264
Grabley S, Thiericke R, Zeeck A (1999) In: Grabley S, Thiericke R (eds) Drug discovery from nature. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 124–148
Clerval R, Kühner M, Li Z, Minas W, Fjällman A, Witholt B, Duetz WA (2000) BioWorld 6:24–26
Hamburger M, Danz H, Dittmann K (2002) Screening 2:33–35
Bhakuni DS (1998) J Indian Chem Soc 75:191–205
Grabley S, Thiericke R (1999) In: Grabley S, Thiericke R (eds) Drug discovery from nature. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 38–48
Frobel K, Metzger S (2001) In: Rehm HJ, Reed G (eds) Biotechnology, vol 10: special processes. Wiley VCH, pp 41–60
Vogel HG (ed) (2000) Drug discovery and evaluation, 2cnd edn. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York
Minor L (2003) Screening 5:25–28
Jensen PR, Fenical W (1994) Ann Rev Microbiol 48:559–584
Devlin JP (2002) In: Mei HY, Czarnik AW (eds) Integrated drug discovery technologies. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 221–245
Lebl M (2002) In: Mei HY, Czarnik AW (eds) Integrated drug discovery technologies. Marcel Dekker, New York, pp 395–405
Otrocka A, Oehlenschlager F, de Hoop M (2003) Screening 1:41–43
Bertels S, Frormann S, Jas G, Bindseil K (1999) In: Grabley S, Thiericke R (eds) Drug discovery from nature. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 72–105
Okun I, Kaler G et al. (2000) SPIE Proc 3921:90–100
Edwards BS, Kuckuck FW, Prossnitz ER, Ransom JT, Sklar LA (2001) J Biomol Screen 6:83–90
Shapiro HM (1995) Practical flow cytometry. Wiley-Liss, New York
Lindon JC, Bailey NJC, Nicholson JK, Wilson, ID (2003) Handbook of analytical separations, vol 4: bioanalytical separations. pp 293–329
Lindon JC, Nicholson JK, Wilson ID (2000) J Chromatogr B 748:233–258
Fenical W (1993) Chem Rev 93:1673–1683
Jensen PR, Fenical W (2000): In: Fusetani N (ed) Drugs from the Sea. Karger, Basel, pp 6–29
Eder C, Proksch P (1997) DROGENREPORT 10:24–28
Feling RH, Buchanan GO, Mincer TJ, Kauffman CA, Jensen PR, Fenical W (2003) Angew Chem 115:369–371
Shigemori H, Bae MA, Yazawa K, Sasaki T, Kobayashi J (1992) J Org Chem 57:4317–4320
Varoglu M, Corbett TH, Valeriote FA, Crews P (1997) J Org Chem 62:7078–7079
Takahashi C, Takada T, Yamada T, Minoura K, Uchida K, Matsumura E, Numata A (1994) Tetrahedron Lett 35:5013–5014
Baz JP, Canedo LM, Fernan'dez Puentes JL, Silva Elipe MV (1997) J Antibiot 50:738–741
Takahashi C, Numata A, Ito Y, Matsumura E, Minoura K, Eto H, Shingu T, Ito T, Hasegawa T (1994) J Antibiot 47:1242–1249
Renner MK, Jensen PR, Fenical W (1998) J Org Chem 63:8346–8354
Trimurtulu G, Ohtani I, Patterson GML, Moore RE, Corbett TH, Valeriote FA, Demchik L (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:4729–4737
Gerwick WH, Proteau PJ, Nagle DG, Hamel E, Blokhin A, Slate DL (1994) J Org Chem 59:1243–1245
Luesch H, Yoshida WY, Moore RE, Paul VJ, Mooberry SL, Corbett T (2002) J Nat Prod 65:16–20
Luesch H, Yoshida WY, Moore RE, Paul VJ (1999) J Nat Prod 62:1702–1706
Gerard J, Lloyd R, Barsby T, Haden P, Kelly MT, Andersen RJ (1997) J Nat Prod 60:223–229
Pathirana C, Jensen PR, Fenical W (1992) Tetrahedron Lett 33:7663–7666
Höller U, König GM, Wright AD (1999) J Nat Prod 62:114–118
Kusnick C, Jansen R, Liberra K, Lindequist U (2002) Pharmazie 57:510–512
Liberra K, Jansen R, Lindequist U (1998) Pharmazie 53:578–581
Schlingmann G, Milne L, Williams DR, Carter GT (1998) J Antibiot 51:303–316
Gustafson K, Roman M, Fenical W (1989) J Am Chem Soc 111:7519–7524
Davidson BS, Schumacher RW (1993) Tetrahedron 49:6569–6574
Matsuda M, Shigeta S, Okutani K (1999) Mar Biotechnol 1:68–73
Trischman A, Tapiolas DM, Jensen PR, Dwight R, Fenical W (1994) J Am Chem Soc 116:757–758
Kawano Y, Asada M, Inoue M, Nakagomi K, Oka S, Higashirana T (1998) J Mar Biotechnol 6:49–52
Sugano M, Sato A, Iijima Y, Oshima T, Furuya K, Kuwano H, Hata T, Hanzawa H (1991) J Amer Chem Soc 113:5463–5464
Takaishi S, Tuchiya N, Sato A, Negishi T, Takamatsu Y, Matsushita Y, Watanabe T, Iijima Y, Haruyama H, Kinoshita T, Tanaka M, Kodama K (1998) J Antibiot 51:805–815
Poch GK, Gloer JB (1989) Tetrahedron Lett 30:3483–3486
Itoh T, Kinoshita M, Aoki S, Kobayashi M (2003) J Nat Prod 66:1373–1377
Kakeya H, Takahashi I, Okada G, Isono K, Osada H (1995) J Antibiot 48:733–735
Han B, McPhail KL, Ligresti A, Di Marzo V, Gerwick WH (2003) J Nat Prod 66:1364–1368
Bandow JE, Brötz H, Leichert LOI, Labischinski H, Hecker M (2003) Antimicrob Agents Chemother 47:948–955
Sender U, Bandow EJ, Engelmann S, Lindequist U, Hecker M (2004) Pharmazie 59:65–70
Lindequist U, Sender U, Bandow J, Jülich WD, Kusnick C, Schweder T, Hecker M (2001) Antibacterial substances from marine fungi and their investigation by proteome-based methods. In: Proceedings of 8th international marine and freshwater mycology symposium. Hurghada, Egypt, 2001, p 457
Bode BH, Bethe B, Höfs R, Zeeck A (2002) Chem Bio Chem 3:619–627
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Rights and permissions
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schweder, T., Lindequist, U., Lalk, M. Screening for New Metabolites from Marine Microorganisms. In: Ulber, R., Le Gal, Y. (eds) Marine Biotechnology I. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 96. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/b135781
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/b135781
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-25659-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-31549-0
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)