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Degrees of polarity and mutual polarization of ions in the molecules of alkali fluorides, SrO, and BaO

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Book cover Structure and Bonding

Part of the book series: Structure and Bonding ((STRUCTURE,volume 3))

Abstract

The quantity p=μ/er, introduced in 1928 in order to examine the influence of ionic deformation on the polarity of the HCl and HBr molecules, is used here as a measure of the degree of polarity of the molecules M+F−. Correspondingly, for the molecules M2+O2− the degree of polarity is p=μ/2 er. Using reliable experimental data for μ and r, it is shown that the molecule NaF has, among diatomic molecules, the highest known (0.878) degree of polarity, in confirmation of a prediction of 1925, while CsF has, among the alkali fluorides, the smallest p (0.699). Correspondingly, the isoelectronic BaO has a smaller p (0.426 vs 0.483) than SrO.

A precise quantitative theory of the mutual polarization of ions in molecules is not possible as long as one cannot take into account the inhomogeneity of the field of the polarizing ion and the dependence of the polarizability of the polarized ion on its surroundings. It is therefore attempted to correlate the observed dependence of the p values on r and the polarizability of the ions in a semi-quantitative and semi-empirical fashion. This proves to be successful for the alkali fluorides but explains only qualitatively why the degree of polarity is smaller for BaO than for SrO.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    K. Fajans

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  1. K. Fajans
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C. K. Jørgensen J. B. Neilands Ronald S. Nyholm D. Reinen R. J. P. Williams

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© 1967 Springer-Verlag

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Fajans, K. (1967). Degrees of polarity and mutual polarization of ions in the molecules of alkali fluorides, SrO, and BaO. In: Jørgensen, C.K., Neilands, J.B., Nyholm, R.S., Reinen, D., Williams, R.J.P. (eds) Structure and Bonding. Structure and Bonding, vol 3. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0118879

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0118879

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-03990-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-35560-1

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