Abstract
This paper summarizes sedimentological and geochemical studies from seven cores taken from the Bouchet crater lake, France. It includes studies of water and soils from the drainage basin. The sedimentary record is subdivided into 14 distinct sedimentary units, which comprise different combinations of 8 recurring lithofacies. The lithostratigraphic results are correlated with prior information from magnetic-, pollen-, diatom-, and chrono-stratigraphy to define the sedimentary dynamics during the last 120, 000 years.
Chemical composition and stable isotopes (∂}, ϱD) indicate dominantly meteoric sources for the lake waters. Low bicarbonate, calcium, and magnesium values reflect weak weathering of the basaltic country rocks and no evidence of hydrothermal influences. There is little evidence of lake level fluctuations.
Soil profiles in the drainage basin display a partitioning of clay minerals. Core intervals from humid periods have more smectite and mixed-layer-clays. Periods of intensified erosion also lead to increases in smectite and mixed-layer-clay content in intervals with slumps or turbidite deposits which are associated with glacial phases
Sediments are very-fine grained during intervals with warmer climate when vegetation-cover limited erosion. Nutrient input allowed abundant algal productivity and in some cases led to bottom anoxia. Results of organic matter analyses (%TOC, Pyrolysis, (∂18O, ∂D), palynofacies) delimit intervals of climate change which are characterized as barren, or else dominated by terrestrial or aqueous sources. Only vivianite and siderite occur as authigenic minerals in the cores, and are found in association with organic matter.
Correlating to the Grande Pile time scale, the Bouchet sediments of the glacial maximum were fine clay with pellet-laminae suggesting permenant ice cover. Climate oscillations around 40 kyrs BP show up as levels with organic matter production and rhythmites. Around 75-50 kyrs BP coarser turbidite layers are common. Coarser intervals in general match times with less tree pollen, less organic productivity, and higher magnetic susceptibility. Several unit boundaries are abrupt suggesting threshold behavior.
The lithostratigraphy appears to be organized into 4 sedimentary cycles which we believe reflect orbital rhythms of about 20 and 40 kyrs.
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Truze, E., Kelts, K. (1993). Sedimentology and paleoenvironment from the Maar Lac du Bouchet for the last climatic cycle, 0-120,000 years (Massif Central, France). In: Negendank, J.F.W., Zolitschka, B. (eds) Paleolimnology of European Maar Lakes. Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences, vol 49. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0117600
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0117600
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