Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literatur
Armstrong, W. D., J. A. Johnson, L. Singer, R. I. Lienke and M. L. Premer: Rates of transcapillary movement of calcium and sodium and of calcium exchange by the skeleton. Amer. J. Physiol. 171, 641–651 (1952).
Bacon, L. R.: Measurement of absolute viscosity by the falling-sphere method. J. Franklin Inst. 221, 251–258 (1936).
Bakay, L., B. Selverstone and W. H. Sweet: Intravascular distribution of Na24 injected intravenously in man. J. Labor. a. Clin. Med. 38, 893–903 (1951).
Barcroft, H., and A. C. Dornhorst: Blood flow response to temeprature and other factors. S. 122–131. Ciba Symposium: Peripheral circulation in man., Herausgeg. von G. E. W. Wolstenholme u. J. S. Freeman., London: J. & A. Churchill 1954.
—, and O. G. Edholm: The effect of temperature on blood flow and deep temperature in the human forearm. J. of Physiol. 102, 5–20 (1943).
—, and H. J. C. Swan: Sympathetic control of human blood vessels, Kap. 6. london: Edward Arnold & Co. 1953.
Barrer, R. M.: Diffusion in and through solids. London: Cambridge Univ. Press 1951.
Bateman, J. B.: Large molecules; their physico-chemical properties and their architectural and functional singificance in living matter. Physical Chemistry of cells and tissues, herausges. von R. Höber, Sekt. 2. Philadelphia: Blakiston Company 1945.
Bauer, J. H., and T. P. Hughes: The preparation of graded collodion membranes of Elford and their use in the study of filterable viruses. J. Gen. Physiol. 18, 143–162 (1934).
Bayliss, W. M., and E. H. Starling: Observations on venous pressures and their relationship to capillary pressures. J. of Physiol. 16, 159–202 (1894).
Beattie, J., and A. C. Corcoran: Renal clearances of grass polysaccharide: obeervations on glomerular porosity and on the relation of this function to proteinuria in renal disease. J. Clin. Invest.31, 445–450 (1952).
Bechhold, H.: Durchlässigkeit von Ultrafiltern. Z. physik. Chem. 64, 328–342 (1908).
Benson, J. A., K. S. Kim and J. L. Bollman: Extravascular diffusion of protein. Amer. J. Physiol. 182, 217–220 (1955).
Berkeley, Earl of and E. G. J. Hartley: “Dynamic” osmotic pressure. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., Ser. A 82, 271–275 (1909). *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A0535004 00011
Berson, S. A., R. S. Yalow, S. S. Schreiber and J. Post: Tracer experiments with I131 labelled human serum albumin: distribution and degradation studies. J. Clin. Invest. 32, 746–768 (1953).
Bigelow, S. L.: The permeabilities of collodion, gold beater’s skin, parchment paper and porcelain membranes. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 29, 1675–1692 (1907).
Bjerrum, N., u. E. Manegold: Der Zusammenhang zwischen Membranstruktur und Wasserduchlässigkeit. Kolloid-Z. 43, 5–14 (1927) (a).
—: Über Kollodium-Membranen. Darstellung gleichmäßiger Membranen und ihre Charakterisierung. Kolloid-Z. 42, 97–112 (1927) (b).
Bloom, B., I. L. Chaikoff and W. O. Reinhardt: Intestinal lymph as pathway for transport of absorbed fatty acids of different chain lengths. Amer. J. Physiol. 166, 451–455 (1951).
Borgström, B.: Transport form of 14C-decanoic acid in portal and inferior vena caval blood during absorption in the rat. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 34, 71–74 (1955).
Bott, P. A., and A. N. Richards: The passage of protein molecules through the glomerular membranes. J. of Biol. Chem. 141, 291–310 (1941).
Boussinesq, J.: Consideration théoretiques sur la filtration des liquides par le sable, ou par d’autres milieux poreux analogues, et sur l’analogie des courants électriques avec ceux de filtration. C. r. Acad. Sci. Paris 159, 349–354 (1914).
Brown, E., and E. M. Landis: Effect of local cooling on fluid movement, effective osmotic pressure and capillary permeability in the frog’s mesentery. Amer. J. Physiol. 149, 302–315 (1947).
—, C. S. Wise and E. O. Wheeler: The effect of local cooling on the filtration and absorption of fluid in the human forearm. J. Clin. Invest. 26, 1031–1042 (1947).
Brues, A. M., and C. M. Masters: The permeability of normal and malignant cells to water. Amer. J. Canc. 28, 324–333 (1936).
Bücherl, E., u. M. Schwab: Der Einfluß von 1-Adrenalin und 1-Arterenol auf den Sauerstoffverbrauch des ruhenden Skeletmuskels. Pflügers Arch. 254, 327 (1952) (a).
—: Der Sauerstoffverbrauch des ruhenden Skeletmuskels bei reflektorisch-nervöser Vasokonstriktion. Pflügers Arch. 254, 337 (1952) (b).
Bugher, J. C.: Characteristics of collodion membranes for ultrafiltration. J. Gen. Physiol. 36, 431–448 (1953).
Burch, G., P. Reaser and J. Cronvich: Rates of sodium turnover in normal subjects and in patients with congestive heart failure. J. Labor. a. Clin. Med. 32, 1169–1191 (1947).
Chambers, R., and B. W. Zweifach: Intercellular cement and capillary permeability. Physiologic. Rev. 27, 436–463 (1947).
Chinard, F. P.: Possible mechanisms of formation of glomerular fluid. Renal Function, herausgeg. von S. E. Bradley. Trans. Third Conf. Josiah Macy, Jr., New York 1952, S. 40–50.
— Rate of formation of glomerular fluid. Amer. J. Physiol. 171, 578–586 (1952).
—, and T. Enns: Transcapillary pulmonary exchange of water in the dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 178, 197–202 (1954).
—, G. J. Vosburgh and T. Enns: Transcapillary exchange of water and other substances in certain organs of the dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 183, 221 (1955).
Cohn, E. J.: Chemical, physiological and immunological properties and clinical uses of blood derivatives Experientia (Basel) 3, 125–136 (1947).
—, and J. T. Edsall: Proteins, amino acids and peptides. New York: Reinhold 1943.
Collander, R.: Über die Durchlässigkeit der Kupferferrozyanidniederschlagmembran für Nichtelektrolyte. Kolloid-Beih. 19, 72–106 (1924).
—, u. H. Bärlund: Permeabilitätsstudien an Chara ceratophylla. II. Die Permeabilität für Nirchtelektrolyte. Acta bot. fenn. 11, 1–114 (1933).
Conn, H. J. jr., and J. S. Robertson: Kinetics of potassium, transfer in the left ventricle of the intact dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 181, 319–324 (1955).
Cotlove, E.: Mechanism and extent of distribution of inulin and sucrose in chloride space of tissues. Amer. J. Physiol. 176, 396–410 (1954).
Courtice, F. C., and B. Morris: The exchange of lipids between plasma and lymph of animals. Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 40, 138–148 (1955).
Cowie, D. B., L. B. Flexner and W. S. Wilde: Capillary permeability: rate of transcapillary exchange of chloride in the guinea pig as determined with radiochloride. Amer. J. Physiol. 158, 231–236 (1949).
Daft, F. S., F. S. Robscheit-Robbins and G. H. Whipple: Plasma protein given by vein and its influence on body metabolism. J. of Biol. Chem. 123, 87–98 (1938).
Danielli, J. F.: Capillary permeability and oedema in the perfused frog. J. of Physiol. 98, 109–129 (1940).
— A method for estimating the fraction of the volume of a muscle contained in the vascular system. J. of Physiol. 100, 239–245 (1941).
—, and H. Davson: The volume of the vascular system, and penetration of sugars from the vascular system into the intercellular space. J. of Physiol. 100, 246–255 (1941).
—, and A. Stock: The structure and permeability of blood capillaries. Biol. Rev. 19, 81–94 (1944).
Darcy, H.: Les fontaines publique de la ville de Dijon. Zit. von R. D. Wyckoff u. a. 1933.
Davidson, D., P. Eggleton and P. Foggie: The diffusion of atmospheric gases through fats and oils. Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 37, 91–105 (1952).
Davson, H.: A textbook of general physiology, S. 176; 184, 196. Philadelphia 1952.
—, and J. F. Danielli: The permeability of natural membranes. London: Cambridge Univ. Press 1943.
Drinker, C. K.: The permeability and diameter of the capillaries in the web of the brown frog (R. temporaria) when perfused with solutions containing pituitary extract and horse serum. J. of Physiol. 63, 249–269 (1927).
—and M. E. Field: The protein content of mammalian lymph and the relation of lymph to tissue fluid. Amer. J. Physiol. 97, 32–39 (1931).
—, M. F. Warren, F. W. Maurer and J. D. McCarrell: The flow, pressure and composition of cardiac lymph. Amer. J. Physiol. 130, 43–55 (1940).
—, and J. M. Yoffey: Lymphatics lymph and lymphoid tissue. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard Univ. Press 1941.
Duclaux, J., et J. Errera: Le mecanisme de l’ultrafiltration. Part. I. Rev. gén. Colloides 2, 130–139 (1924).
—: Le mecanisme de l’ultrafiltration. Part II. Rev. gén. Colloides 3, 97–103 (1925).
—: Der Mechanismus der Ultrafiltration. Kolloid.-Z. 38, 54–57 (1926).
Edelman, I. S.: Exchange of water between blood and tissues. Amer. J. Physiol. 171, 279–296 (1952).
Edsall, J. T.: The plasma proteins and their fractionation. Erg. Physiol. 46, 308–353 (1950).
Eggerth, A. H.: The preparation and standardization of collodion membranes. J. of Biol. Chem. 48, 203–221 (1921).
Elford, W. J.: Structure in very permeable collodion gel films and its significance in filtration problems. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., Ser. B 106, 216–228 (1930).
—, and J. D. Ferry: The calibration of graded collodion membranes. Brit. J. Exper. Path. 16, 1–14 (1953).
—: The ultrafiltration of proteins through graded collodion membranes. II. Haemocyanin (Helix), edestin, and egg albumin. Biochemic. J. 30; 84–91 (1936).
Engel, D.: The influence of the sympathetic nervous system on capillary permeability. J. of Physiol. 99, 161–181 (1941).
Erbe, F.: Die Bestimmung der Porenverteilung nach ihrer Größe in Filtern und Ultrafiltern. Kolloid-Z. 63, 277–285 (1933).
Faxén, H.: Der Widerstand gegen Bewegung einer starren Kugel in einer zähen, Flüssigkeit, die zwischen zwei parallelen ebenen Wänden eingeschlossen ist. Ann. Physik 68, 89–119 (1922) (a).
Faxén, H.: Die Bewegung einer starren Kugel längs der Achse eines mit zäher Flüssigkeit gefüllten Rohres. Ark. Mat., Astronom. Fysik 17, Nr 27 (1922) (b).
Ferry, J. D.: Statistical evaluation of sieve constants in ultrafiltration. J. Gen. Physiol. 20, 95–104 (1936) (a).
— Ultrafilter membranes and ultrafiltration. Chem. Rev. 18, 373–455 (1936) (b).
Field, M. E., and C. K. Drinker: The permeability of the capillaries of the dog to protein. Amer. J. Physiol. 97, 40–50 (1931).
Fine, J., and A. M. Seligman: Traumatic shock. VII. A study of the problem of the “lost plasma” in hemorrhagic, tourniquet and burn shock by the use of radioactive iodo-plasma protein. J. Clin. Invest. 23, 720–730 (1944).
Fink, R. M., T. Enns, C. P. Kimball, H. E. Silberstein, W. F. Bale, S. C. Madden and G. H. Whipple: Plasma protein metabolism—normal and associated with shock. J. of Exper. Med. 80, 455–475 (1944).
Fisch, S., S. B. Gilson and R. E. Taylor: Capillary circulation in human arms studied by venous congestion. A cutaneo-muscular vasomotor reflex. J. Appl. Physiol. 3, 113–132 (1950).
Flexner, L. B., D. B. Cowie and G. J. Vosburgh: Studies on capillary permeability with tracer substances. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 13, 88–98 (1948) (a).
—, A. Gellhorn and M. Merrell: Studies on rates of exchange of substances between the blood and extravascular fluid. The exchange of water in the guinea pig. J. of Biol. Chem. 144, 35–40 (1942).
—, G. J. Vosburgh and D. B. Cowie: Capillary permeability: rate of transcapillary exchange of iron added to plasma as radioactive ferric beta1-globulinate. Amer. J. Physiol. 153, 503–510 (1948) (b).
Fogelman, M. J., P. O’B. Montgomery and C. A. Moyer: Internal water exchange rates following hemorrhage in splenectomized dogs. Amer. J. Physiol. 169, 94–101 (1952).
Freed, S. C., and E. Lindner: The effect of steroids of the adrenal cortex on capillary permeability. Amer. J. Physiol. 134, 258–262 (1941).
Friedman, L.: Diffusion of non-electrolytes in gelatin gels. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 52, 1305–1310 (1930) (a).
— Structure of agar gels from studies of diffusion. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 52, 1311–1315 (1930) (b).
—, and E. O. Kraemer: The structure of gelatin gels from studies of diffusion. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 52 1295–1304 (1930).
Fries, E.D., T. F. Higgins and H. J. Morowitz: Transcapillary exchange rates of deuterium oxide and thiocyanate in the forearm of man. J. Appl. Physiol. 5, 526–532 (1953).
Fujita, A.: Die Permeabilität der getrockneten Kollodium Membran für Nichtelektrolyte. Biochem. Z. 170, 18–29 (1926).
Garby, L.: Permeation of a membrane in the presence of water-flow induced by hydrostatic pressure. Nature (Lond.) 173, 444 (1954).
Gellhorn, A., M. Merrell and E. M. Renkin: The rate of transcapillary exchange of sodium in normal and shocked dogs. Amer. J. Physiol. 142, 407–427 (1944).
Geyer, G., E. Keibl, u. H. Kölbl: Über Beziehungen zwischen Permeabilität und Eiweißdurchlässigkeit der Capillären. Z. exper. Med. 122, 1–13 (1953).
Giebisch, G., H. D. Lawson and R. F. Pitts: Renal excretion and volume of distribution of various dextrans. Amer. J. Physiol. 178, 168–176 (1954).
Gierer, A., u. K. Wirtz: Molekulare Theorie der Mikroreibung. Z. Naturforsch. 8c, 532–538 (1953).
Ginsburg, J. M., and W. S. Wilde: Distribution of intravenous radiopotassium. Amer. J. Physiol. 179, 63–75 (1954).
Gitlin, D., and C. A. Janeway: Studies on the plasma proteins in the interstitialfluid of muscle. Science (Lancaster, Pa.) 120, 461–463 (1954).
Grabar, P., et S. Nikitine: Sur le diamètre des pores des membranes en collodion utiliseés en ultrafiltration. J. Chim. physique 33, 721–741 (1936). *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A0535004 00012
Grim, E.: Relation between pressure and concentration difference across membranes permeable to solute and solvent. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. a. Med. 83, 195–200 (1953).
Guérout, A.: Sur les dimensions des intervalles poreux des membranes. C. r. Acad. Sci. Paris 75, 1809–1812 (1872).
Hahn, L., u. G. Hevesy: Rate of penetration of ions through the capillary wall. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 1, 347–361 (1941).
Hall, B. V.: Studies of normal glomerular structure by electron microscopy. Proc. 5. Ann. Conf. on the nephrotic syndrome. The National Nephrosis Foundation, New York 1955.
Hall, V.: Further studies of the normal structure of the renal glomerulus. Proc. 6. Ann. Conf. on the nephrotic syndrome. The National Nephrosis Foundation, New York 1955.
Hatta, H., K. Okada, S. Morita and H. Mishima: On splenic lymph and its hemolytic action. Jap. J. Physiol. 5, 208–215 (1955).
Hecht, G.: Über den Mechanismus der Kollidonausscheidung der Niere. Arch. exper. Path. u. Pharmakol. 226, 46–61 (1955).
Hendley, E. D., and A. A. Schiller: Change in capillary permeability during hypoxemic perfusion of rat hindlegs. Amer. J. Physiol. 179, 216–220 (1954).
—: Protection against hypoxemic edema by histaminic and adrenergic blockade Amer. J. Physiol. 180, 378–386 (1955).
Hevesy, G., E. Hofer u. A. Krogh: The permeability of the skin of frogs to water as determined by D2O and H2O. Skand. Arch. Physiol. (Berl. u. Lpz.) 199–214 (1935).
—u. C. F. Jacobsen: Rate of passage of water through capillary and cell walls. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 1, 11–18 (1941).
Hitchcock, D. I.: The size of pores in collodion membranes. J. Gen. Physiol 9, 745–762, (1926).
Höber, R.: Membrane permeability to solutes in its relations to cellular physiology. Physiologic Rev. 16, 52–102 (1936).
Hyman, C.: Filtration across the vascular wall as a function of several physical factors. Amer. J. Physiol. 142, 671–685 (1944).
—, and R. Chambers: Effect of adrenal cortical compounds on edema formation of frog’s hind limbs. Endocrinology 32, 310–318 (1943).
—, S. I. Rapaport, A. M. Saul and M. E. Morton: Independence of capillary filtration and tissue clearance. Amer. J. Physiol. 168, 674–679 (1952).
Jacob, C. E., Vorsitzender: Report of the subcommittee on permeability. Amer. Geophys. Union, Trans. 27, 245–256 (1946).
Jacobs, M. H.: Osmotic properties of the erythrocyte. The applicability of osmotic laws to the rate of hemolysis in hypotonic solutions of non-electrolytes. Biol. Bull. 62, 178–194 (1932).
— The quantitative measurement of the permeability of the erythrocytes to water and to solutes by the hemolysis method. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 4, 161–183 (1933).
— Diffusion processes. Erg. Biol. 12, 1–160 (1935).
Javitt, N. B., and A. T. Miller Jr.: Relation of glomerular filtration rate to physiologic proteinuria. Federat. Proc. 10, 70 (1951).
Johnson, J. A., H. M. Cavert and N. Lifson: Kinetics concerned with the distribution of isotopic water in isolated, perfused dog heart and skeletal muscle. Amer. J. Physiol. 171, 687–693, (1953).
Kety, S. S.: Measurement of regional circulation by the local clearance of radioactive sodium. Amer. Heart J. 38, 321–328 (1949).
— The theory and applications of the exchange of inert gas at the lungs and tissues. Pharmacol. Rev. 3, 1–41 (1951).
—, and C. F. Schmidt: The nitrous oxide method for the quantitative determination of cerebral blood flow in man: theory, procedure and normal values. J. Clin. Invest. 27, 476–483 (1948).
Keys, A.: The apparent permeability of the capillary membrane in man. Trans. Faraday Soc. 33, 930–939 (1937).
Koefoed-Johnson, V., u. H. H. Ussing: Contributions of diffusion and flow to the passage of D2O through living membranes. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 28, 60 bis 76 (1953).
Korner, P. I., and F. C. Courtice: the effects of acute anoxia and noradrenaline vasoconstriction on lymph flow and protein dynamics following transfusion of Ringer-Locke solution. Austral. J. Exper. Biol. a. Med. Sci. 32, 321–332 (1954).
—, B. Morris and F. C. Courtice: An analysis of factors affecting lymph flow and protein composition during gastric absorption of foods and fluids, and during intravenous infusion. Austral. J. Exper. Biol. a. Med. Sci. 32, 301–320 (1954).
Kreyberg, I.: Development of acute tissue damage due to cold. Physiologic. Rev. 29, 156–167 (1949).
Krogh, A.: The number and distribution of capillaries in muscles and calculations of the oxygen pressure head necessary for supplying the tissue. J. of Physiol. 52, 409–415 (1919).
— The anatomy and physiology of capillaries. New Haven: Yale University Press 1929.
—, E. M. Landis, and A. H. Turner: The movement of fluid through the human capillary wall in relation to venous pressure and to the colloid osmotic pressure of the blood. J. Clin. Invest. 11, 63–95 (1932).
—, u. F. Nakazawa: Beiträge zur Messung des kolloid-osmotischen Druckes in biologischen Flüssigkeiten. Biochem. Z. 188, 241–258 (1927).
Kruhøffer, P.: Inulin as an indicator for the extracellular space. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 11, 16–36 (1946) (a).
— The significance of diffusion and convection for the distribution of solutes in the interstitial space. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 11, 37–47 (1946) (b).
Ladenburg, R.: Über innere Reibung zäher Flüssigkeiten und ihre Abhängigkeit vom Druck. Ann. Physik. 22, 287–309 (1907) (a).
— Über den Einfluß von Wänden auf die Bewegung einer Kugel in einer reibenden Flüssig keit. Ann. Physik. 23, 447–458 (1907) (b)
Laidler, K. J., and K. E. Shuler: The kinetics of membrane processes. I. The mechanism and the kinetic laws for diffusion through membranes. II. Theoretical pressuretime relationships for permeable membranes. J. Chem. Physics 17, 851–860 (1949).
Lake, B. J., W. J. Simmonds and A. W. Steinbeck: The effect of foreign plasma on capillary permeability in unsensitized animals. Austral. J. Exper. Biol. a. Med. Sci. 31, 55–64 (1953).
Lambert, P. P., et F. Grégoire: Hémodynamique glomérulaire et excrétion de l’hémoglobine. Arch. internat. Physiol. et Biochem. 63, 7–34 (1955).
—, et C. H. de Braucourt: Hémodynamique glomérulaire et excrétion de l’hémoglobine. Arch. internat. Physiol. et Biochim. 60, 506–534 (1952).
Landis, E. M.: Micro-injection studies of capillary permeability. The relation between capillary pressure and the rate at which fluid passes through the walls of single capillaries. Amer. J. Physiol. 82, 217–238 (1927).
— Micro-injection studies of capillary permeability. The effect of lack of oxygen on the permeability of the capillary wall to fluid and to the plasma proteins. Amer. J. Physiol. 83, 528–542 (1928).
— Micro-injection studies of capillary blood pressure in human skin. Heart 15, 209 bis 228 (1929–1931).
— The capillary blood pressure in mammalian mesentery as determined by the miscroinjection method. Amer. J. Physiol. 93, 353–362 (1930).
— Capillary pressure and capillary permeability. Physiologie. Rev. 14, 404–481 (1934).
— Capillary permeability and the factors affecting the composition of the capillary ultrafiltrate. Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 46, 713–731 (1946).
—, and J. H. Gibbon jr.: The effects of temperature and of tissue pressure on the movement of fluid through the human capillary wall. J. Clin. Invest. 12, 105–138 (1933).
Landis, E. M., and J. C. Hortenstine: Functional significance of venous pressure. Physiologic. Rev. 30, 1–32 (1950).
—, L. Jonas, M. Angevine and W. Erb: The passage of fluid and protein through the human capillary wall during venous congestion. J. Clin. Invest. 11, 717–734 (1932).
Lane, J. A.: Dialysis. Chemical Engineer’s Handbook, 3. Aufl., herausgeg. von J. H. Perry. Sekt. II, S. 753–756. New York: McGraw Hill 1950.
Lassen, N. A., u. O. Munck: The cerebral blood flow in man determined by the use of radioactive krypton. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 33, 30–49 (1955).
Lawrence, J. H., W. F. Loomis, C. A. Tobias and F. H. Turpin: Preliminary observations on the narcotic effect of xenon with a review of values for solubilities of gases in water and oils. J. of Physiol. 105, 197–204 (1946).
Lepeshkin, W. W.: Wasserfiltration durch Membranen and Membranwiderstand. Kolloid-Z. 65, 184–186 (1933).
Lilienfield, L. S., E. D. Fries, E. A. Partenope and H. J. Morowitz: Transcapillary migration of heavy water and thiocyanate ion in the pulmonary circulation of normal subjects and patients with congestive heart failure. J. Clin. Invest. 34, 1–8, (1955).
Low, F. N.: The pulmonary alveolar epithelium of laboratory mammals and man. Anat. Rec. 117, 241–264 (1953).
Lucké, B., H. K. Hartline and M. McCutcheon: Further studies on the kinetics of osmosis in living cells. J. Gen. Physiol. 14, 405–419 (1930/31).
—, and M. McCutcheon: The living cell as an osmotic system and its permeability to water. Physiologic. Rev. 12, 68–139 (1932).
Madden, S. C., and G. H. Whipple: Plasma proteins: their source, production and utilization. Physiologic. Rev. 20, 194–217 (1940).
Man, E. B., and J. P. Peters: Permeability of capillaries to plasma lipoids. J. Clin. Invest. 12, 1031–1039 (1933).
Manegold, E.: Die Dialyse durch Kollodiummembranen und der Zusammenhang zwischen Dialyse, Diffusion und Membranstruktur. Kolloid-Z. 49, 372–395 (1929).
— Über Kapillärsysteme. Die Durchlässigkeit kanal-, gerüst-und netzartiger Kapillärsysteme für Flüssigkeiten und Gase (Theoretischer Teil). Kolloid-Z. 81, 164–179 (1937).
—, u. R. Hofmann: Über Kollodiummembranen. Die Durchlässigkeit der Membranen für Wasser. Kolloid-Z. 50, 22–39 (1930).
Marble, A., M. E. Field, C. K. Drinker and R. M. Smith: The permeability of the blood capillaries to lipoids. Amer. J. Physiol. 109, 467–474 (1934).
Marshall, M. E., and H. F. Deutsch: Clearances of some proteins by the dog kidney. Amer. J. Physiol. 163, 461–467 (1950).
Martin, E. G., E. C. Woolley and M. Miller: Capillary counts in resting and active muscles. Amer. J. Physiol. 100, 407–416 (1932).
McBain, J. W., and T. H. Liu: Diffusion of electrolytes, non-electrolytes and colloidal electrolytes. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 53, 59–74 (1931).
McDonald, R. K., J. H. Miller and E. B. Roach: Human glomerular permeability and tubular recovery values for hemoglobin. J. Clin. Invest. 30, 1041–1045 (1951).
McLennan, C. E., M. T. McLennan and E. M. Landis: The effect of external pressure on the vascular volume of the forearm and its relation to capillary blood pressure and venous pressure. J. Clin. Invest. 21, 319–338 (1942).
McMaster, P. D.: Ann. New York Acad. Sci. 56, 679 (1946).
Menkin, V.: Effect of adrenal cortex extract on capillary permeability. Amer. J. Physiol. 129, 691–697 (1940).
Merrell, M., A. Gellhorn and L. B. Flexner: The exchange of sodium in the guinea pig. J. of Biol. Chem. 153, 83–89 (1944).
Meschia, G.: A rigid membrane for measurement of colloidal osmotic pressure with the Hepp osmometer. Yale J. Biol. a. Med. 27, 206–212 (1954).
Miller, L. L., W. F. Bale, C. L. Yuile, R. E. Masters, G. H. Tishkoff and G. H. Whipple: The use of radioactive lysine in studies of protein metabolism. Synthesis and utilization of plasma proteins. J. of Exper. Med. 90, 297–313 (1949). *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A0535004 00013
Monke, J. V., and C. L. Yuile: The renal clearance of hemoglobin in the dog. J. of Exper. Med. 72, 149–165 (1940).
Morales, M. F., and R. E. Smith: A note on the physiological arrangement of tissues. Bull. Math. Biophysics 7, 47–51 (1945) (a).
—: The physiological factors which govern inert gas exchange. Bull. Math. Biophysics 7, 99–106 (1945) (b).
Morel, F. F.: Techniques de la mesure des échange capillaires à l’aide des indicateurs radioactifs. Helvet. physiol. Acta 8, 52–73 (1950).
Morris, B., and F. C. Courtice: The protein and lipid composition of the plasma of different animal species determined by zone electrophoresis and chemical analysis. Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 40, 127–137 (1955) (a).
—: Lipid exchange between plasma and lymph in experimental lipaemia. Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 40, 149–160 (1955) (b).
Northrop, H. J.: Kinetics of the swelling of cells and tissues. J. Gen. Physiol. 11, 43–56 (1927).
—, and M. L. Anson: A method for the determination of diffusion constants and the calculation of the radius and weight of the hemoglobin molecule. J. Gen. Physiol. 12, 543–554 (1929).
—, and M. Kunitz: The swelling of isoelectric gelatin in water. J. Gen. Physiol. 10, 905 bis 926 (1927).
Oncley, J. L.: Lipoproteins of human plasma. Harvey Lect. 1954/55.
Osterhout, W. J. V.: Permeability in large plant cells and in models. Erg. Physiol. 35, 967–1021 (1933).
— Some models of protoplasmic surfaces. Cold Spring Harbor Symp. Quant. Biol. 8, 51–62 (1940).
Overman, R. R., A. K. Davis and A. C. Bass: Effects of cortisone and DCA on radiosodium transport in normal and adrenalextomized dogs. Amer. J. Physiol. 167, 333–340 (1951).
Overton, E.: Beiträge zur allgemeinen Muskel-und Nervenphysiologie. Pflügers Arch. 92, 115–280 (1902).
Paff, G. H.: A quantitative study of the capillary supply in certain mammalian skeletal muscles. Anat. Rec. 46, 401–406 (1930).
Palmer, G. H., and G. H. Joseph: Capillary permeability: perfusion of frog and guinea pig hindlimbs. Amer. J. Physiol. 146, 126–132 (1946).
Pappenheimer, J. R.: Vasoconstrictor nerves and oxygen consumption in the isolated perfused hindlimb muscles of the dog. J. of Physiol. 99, 182 (1941).
— Passage of molecules through capillary walls. Physiologic. Rev. 33, 387–423 (1953).
Pappenheimer, J. R.: Über die Permeabilität der Glomerulummembranen in der Niere. Klin. Wschr. 1955, 362–365.
—, E. M. Renkin and L. M. Borrero: Filtration, diffusion and molecular sieving through peripheral capillary membranes. A contribution to the pore theory of capillary permeability. Amer. J. Physiol. 167, 13–46 (1951).
—, and A. Soto-Rivera: Effective osmotic pressure of the plasma proteins and other quantitites associated with the capillary circulation in the hindlimbs of cats and dogs. Amer. J. Physiol. 152, 471–491 (1948).
Pease, D. C., and R. F. Baker: Electron microscopy of the kidney. Amer. J. Anat. 87, 349–390 (1950).
Perry, I. H.: Vital injection as a method for the study of the capillary circulation. Skand. Arch. Physiol. (Berl. u. Lpz.) 59, 67–74 (1930).
Pisa, M.: Versuche zur Porenstatistik und Siebwirkung bei Ultrafiltern und tierischen Membranen. Kolloid-Z. 63, 139–148 (1933).
Potvin, L.: Le sort immédiat des protéines plasmatiques injectées chez le chien. Arch. internat. Physiol. 59, 157–164 (1951).
Prentice, T. C., R. R. Stahl, N. A. Dial and F. V. Pontiero: A study of the relationsship between radioactive sodium clearance and directly measured blood flow in the biceps muscle of the dog. J. Clin. Invest. 34, 545–558 (1955).
Reid, R. T. W.: Observations on the structure of the renal glomerulus of the mouse revealed by the electron microscope. Austral. J. Exper. Biol. a. Med. Sci. 32, 235–240 (1954).
Rein, H.: Vasomotorische Regulationen. Erg. Physiol. 23, 28–72 (1931).
Renkin, E. M.: Capillary permeability to lipid-soluble molecules. Amer. J. Physiol. 168, 538–545 (1952).
— Capillary and cellular permeability to some compounds reated to antipyrine. Amer. J. Physiol. 173, 125–130 (1953).
— Filtration, diffusion and molecular sieving through porous cellulose membranes. J. Gen. Physiol. 38, 225–243 (1954).
— Effects of blood flow on diffusion kinetics in isolated perfused hindlegs of cats. Amer. J. Physiol. 183, 125–136 (1955).
—, and B. D. Zaun: Effects of adrenal hormones on capillary permeability in perfused rat tissues. Amer. J. Physiol. 180, 498–502 (1955).
Rhodin, J.: Electron microscopy of the glomerular capillary wall. Exper. Cell Res. 8, 572–574 (1955).
Robinson, D. S.: The chemical composition of chylomicra in the rat. Quart. J. Exper. Physiol. 40, 112–126 (1955).
Roughton, F. J. W.: The average time spent by the blood in the human lung capillary. Amer. J. Physiol. 143, 621–633 (1945).
— Diffusion and chemical reaction velocity in cylindrical and spherical systems of physiological interest. Proc. Roy. Soc. Lond., Ser. B 140, 203–229 (1952).
Rous, P., H. P. Gilding and F. Smith: The gradient of vascular capillary permeability. J. of Exper. Med. 51, 807–830 (1930).
Saslow, G.: The relation between the oxygenation of fluids and the occurrence of edema in the perfused frog web. Amer. J. Physiol. 124, 360–368 (1938).
Scherp, H. W.: The diffusion coefficient of crystalline trypsin. J. Gen. Physiol. 16, 795–800 (1933).
Schiller, A. A., R. W. Schayer and E. L. Hess: Fluorescein-conjugetad bovine albumin. J. Gen. Physiol. 36, 489–506 (1953).
Schloerbs, P. E., B. J. Friis-Hansen, I. S. Edelman, A. K. Solomon and F. D. Moore: The measurement of total body water in the human subject by deuterium oxide dilution with a consideration of the dynamics of deuterium distribution. J. Clin. Invest. 29, 1296–1310 (1950).
Schmidt, G. W.: A mathematical theory of capillary exchange as a function of tissue structure. Bull. Math. Biophysics 14, 229–263 (1952).
— The time course of capillary exchange. Bull. Math. Biophysics 15, 477–488 (1953).
Semple, R. E.: Effect of small infusions of various dextran solutions on normal animals. Amer. J. Physiol. 176, 113–119 (1954).
Shaffer, C. B., F. H. Critchfield and C. P. Carpenter: Renal excretion and volume distribution of some polyethylene glycols in the dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 152, 93–99 (1948).
Shapiro, H., and A. K. Parpart: The osmotic properties of rabbit and human leucocytes. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol. 10, 147–160 (1937).
Sheatz, G. C., and W. S. Wilde: Transcapillary exchange rates and volume of distribution of sulfate and sodium as indicated by S35 O4 and Na24 in the rat. Amer. J. Physiol. 162, 687–694 (1950).
Sheppard, C. W., R. R. Overman, W. S. Wilde and W. C. Sangren: The disappearance of K42 from the nonuniformally mixed circulation pool in dogs. Circulation Res. 1, 284–297 (1953).
Shleser, I. H., and S. C. Freed: The effect of peptone on capillary permeability and its neutralization by adrenal cortical extracts. Amer. J. Physiol. 137, 426–430 (1942).
Shuler, K. E., C. A. Dames and K. J. Laidler: The diffusion of various nonelectrolytes through collodion membranes. J. Chem. Physics 17, 860–865 (1949).
Sjöstrand, T.: On the principles for the distribution of the blood in the peripheral vascular system. Skand. Arch. Physiol. (Berl. u. Lpz.) 71, Suppl. 5, 1–150 (1935).
Smith, H. W.: The kidney, Structure and function in health and disease. Oxford u. London 1951.
Smith, R. E., and M. F. Morales: On the theory of blood-tissue exchanges. I. Fundamental equations. Bull. Math. Biophysics 6, 125–131 (1944) (a).
—: On the theory of blood-tissue exchanges. II. Applications. Bull. Math. Biophysics 6, 133–139 (1944) (b).
Soberman, R. J.: A comparison of total body water as determined by antipyrine and by desiccation in rabbits. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. a. Med. 71, 172–173 (1949).
Starling, E. H.: Physiological factors involved in the causation of dropsy. Lancet 1896 I, 1267–1270 (a).
— On the absorption of fluids from the connective tissue spaces. J. of Physiol. 19, 312–326 (1896) (b).
— The fluids of the body, S. 67–68. Chicago: Univ. Chicago Press 1909.
Starr jr. I.: The production of albuminuria by renal vasoconstriction in animals and in man. J. of Exper. Med. 43, 31–51 (1926).
Staverman, A. J.: The theory of measurement of osmotic pressure. Rec. Trav. chim. Pays-Bas 70, 344–352 (1951).
— Apparent osmotic pressure of solutions of heterodisperse polymeres. Rec. Trav. chim. Pays-Bas 71, 623–633 (1952).
Sterling, K.: The turnover rate of serum albumin in man as measured by I131-tagged albumin. J. Clin. Invest. 30, 1228–1237 (1951).
Stewart, D. R., and M. H. Jacobs: The permeability of the egg of arbacia to ethylene glycol at different temperatures. J. Cellul. a. Comp. Physiol 2, 275–283 (1932/33).
Stoel, G.: Über die Blutversorgung von weißen und roten Kaninchenmuskeln. Z. Zellforsch. 3, 91–98 (1925-26).
Sullivan, R. R., and K. L. Hertel: The permeability method for determining specific surface of fibers and powders. Adv. Colloid Sci. 1, 37–80 (1942).
Ussing, H. H.: Transport through biological membranes. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 15, 1–20 (1953).
Verney, E. B.: Dunham Lecture, Harvard Univ., 1951, unverkündigt.
Vimtrup, B. J.: On the number, shape, structure and surface area of the glomeruli in the kidneys of man and animals. Amer. J. Anat. 41, 123–151 (1928).
Visscher, M. B., E. S. Fetcher jr., C. W. Carr, H. P. Gregor, M. S. Bushey and D. E. Baker: Isotopic tracer studies on the movement of water and ions between intestinal lumen and blood. Amer. J. Physiol. 142, 550–575 (1944).
Waddell, W. R., R. P. Geyer, E. Clarke and F. J. Stare: Role of various organs in the removal of emulsified fat from the blood stream. Amer. J. Physiol. 175, 299–302 (1953) (b).
—, I. M. Saslaw and F. J. Stare: Normal disappearance curve of emulsified fat from the blood stream, and some factors which influence it. Amer. J. Physiol. 174, 39–42 (1953) (a).
Walder, D. N.: The relationship between blood flow, capillary surface area and sodium clearance in muscle. Clin. Sci. 14, 303–315 (1955).
Walker, W. G., and W. S. Wilde: Kinetics of radiopotassium in the circulation. Amer. J. Physiol. 170, 401–413 (1952).
Wallenius, G.: Renal clearance of dextran as a measure of glomerular permeability. Acta Soc. Med. Upsaliensis, Suppl. 4 (1954).
Wang, J. H.: Measurement of self-diffusion of liquid water with O18 as tracer. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 73, 4181 (1951).
Wartiovaara, V.: Über den Einfluß der Temperatur auf die Permeabilität der Zellen von Tolypellopsis stelligera. Biochem. Z. 302, 277–279 (1939).
Wasserman, K., L. Loeb and H. S. Mayerson: Capillary permeability to macromolecules. Circulations Res. 3, 594–603 (1955).
—, and H. S. Mayerson: Exchange of albumin between plasma and lymph. Amer. J. Physiol. 165, 15–26 (1951).
—: Dynamics of lymph and plasma protein exchange. Cardiologia (Basel) 21, 296 bis 307 (1952).
—: Relative importance of dextran molecular size in plasma volume expansion. Amer. J. Physiol. 176, 104–112 (1954).
Weech, A. A., and L. Michaelis: Studies on permeability of membranes. The diffusion of non-electrolytes through the dried collodion membrane. J. Gen. Physiol. 12, 55–81 (1928).
White, H. L., and D. Rolf: Some effects of exercise on renal circulation in man. Amer. J. Physiol. 152, 505–516 (1948).
White, J. C., M. E. Field and C. K. Drinker: On the protein content and normal flow of lymph from the foot of the dog. Amer. J. Physiol. 103, 34–44 (1933).
Wilbrandt, W.: Die Permeabilität der Zelle. Erg. Physiol. 40, 204–291 (1938).
— Physiologie der Zell-und Kapillärpermeabilität. Helvet. med. Acta 13, 143–157 (1946).
Wilde, W. S.: Transport through biological membranes. Annual. Rev. Physiol. 17, 17–36 (1955).
Wyckoff, R. D., H. G. Botset, M. Muskat and D. W. Reed: The measurement of permeability of porous media for homogeneous fluids. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 4, 394 bis 405 (1933).
Yuile, C. L., and W. F. Clark: A study of the renal clearance of myohemoglobin in the dog. J. of Exper. Med. 74, 187–196 (1941).
Zeuthen, E., u. D. M. Prescott: Comparison of water diffusion and water filtration across cell surfaces. Acta physiol. scand. (Stockh.) 28, 77–94 (1953). *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A0535004 00014
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1957 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Renkin, E.M., Pappenheimer, J.R. (1957). Wasserdurchlässigkeit und Permeabilität der Capillarwände. In: Ergebnisse der physiologie biologischen chemie und experimentellen pharmakologie. Ergebnisse der Physiologie, biologischen Chemie und experimentellen Pharmakologie, vol 49. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0113834
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0113834
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-02135-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36664-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive