Abstract
New effects associated with the quantization of confined carrier motion in ultrathin semiconductor heterostructures have recently been observed. Optical and electrical studies of molecular-beam grown AlxGa1−xAs-GaAs structures consisting of to 100 layers with layers as thin as 10 Å have revealed discrete structures which are difficelt to analyze with usual bulk crystal methods. A complete understanding can be achieved with simple one-dimensional quantum mechanical models. In particular, the analysis of the optical data gives detailed quantitative information about confined electrons, light and heavy holes, and excitons in the GaAs layers. The relevance of these results from band structure analysis to device technology will be considered.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Dorda, G., “Surface Quantization in Semiconductors” in: Festkörper-Probleme XIII (Advances in Solid State Physics), p. 215, Pergamon-Vieweg (1973).
Grimes, C. C. and Brown, T. R. Phys. Rev. Lett. 32, 280 (1974), Phys. Rev. Lett. 29, 1233 (1972).
Cole, M. W., Rev. Mod. Phys. 46, 451 (1974).
Jaklevic, R. C., Lambe, J., Mikkar, M., and Vassell, W. C., Phys. Rev. Lett. 26, 88 (1971).
Jaklevic, R. C., Lambe, J., Mikkar, M., and Vassell, W. C., Solid State Commun. 10, 199 (1972).
Jaklevic, R. C. and Lambe, J. Surface Sci. 37, 922 (1973).
Rowell, J. M., Phys. Rev. Lett. 30, 167 (1973).
Rowell, J. M., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 10, p702 (1973).
Reviewed by Dorda, [Ref. 1] 'surface Quantization in Semiconductors” in: Festkörper-Probleme XIII (Advances in Solid State Physics), p. 215, Pergamon-Vieweg (1973).
Chang, L. L., Esaki, L., and Tsu, R., Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 593 (1974).
Dingle, R., Wiegmann, R., and Henry, C. H., Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 827 (1974).
Filatov, O. N. and Karpovitch, I. A., Fiz. Tverd. Tela. 10, 2886 (1968).
Reviewed by Elinson, M. I., Volkov, V. A., Lutskij, V. N., and Pinsker, T. N., Thin Solid Films 12, 383 (1972).
Ageev, L. A., Miloslavskii, V. K., and Shklyarevskii, I. N. Fiz. Tverd. Tela. 15, 2794 (1973), Sov. Phys. Solid State 15, 1861 (1974).
Consadori, F. and Frindt, R. F., Phys. Rev. B 2, 4893 (1970).
Heidrich, K., Staude, W., and Treusch, J., Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 1220 (1974).
Yoffe, A. D., Festkörper-Probleme XIII (Advances in Solid State Physics), p. 1, Pergamon-Vieweg (1973) has reviewed much of the data on layered compounds.
Arthur, J. R., J. Appl. Phys. 39, 4032 (1968).
Cho, A. Y., J. Vac. Sci. Technol. 8, S31 (1971).
Cho, A. Y., Appl. Phys. Lett. 19, 467 (1971).
Kauzmann, W., Quantum Chemistry Chapter 6, Academic, New York (1957).
Tsui, D. C., Phys. Rev. B 4, 4438 (1971).
Duke, C. B., Tunneling in Solids, Academic, New York (1969).
Tunneling Phenomena in Solids, E. Burstein and S. Lundquist (eds.), Plenum Press, New York (1969).
Tsu, R., and Esaki, L., Appl. Phys. Lett. 22, 562 (1973).
Esaki, L. and Chang, L. L., Phys. Rev. Lett. 33, 495 (1974).
Eski, L. and Tsu, R., IBM Journal of Res. 14, 61 (1970).
Sze, S. M., Physics of Semiconductor Devices. Chapter 14, p. 731. J. Wiley, New York (1969).
Suris, R. A., Fiz. Tekh. Poluprov. 7, 1540 (1973); Sov. Phys. Semicond. 7, 1030 (1974).
Suris, R. A., Fiz. Tekh. Poluprov. 7, 1549 (1973); Sov. Phys. Semicond. 7, 1035 (1974).
Godwin, V. E., and Tefft, W. E. Surf. Sci. 34, 108 (1973), consider the binding of shallow donor impurities near Si and Ge surfaces. The results are qualitatively similar to what might be expected in a very thin film.
Sell, D. D., Phys. Rev. B 6, 3750 (1972).
Baldereschi, A. and Lipari, N. O., Phys. Rev. B 3, 439 (1971).
Elliott, R. J., Polarons and Excitons, p. 269, Oliver and Boyd, London (1963).
Ralph, H. I., Solid State Commun. 3, 303 (1965).
Esaki, L., Chang, L. L., Howard, W. E., and Rideout, V. L., in “Proc. 11th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors”, p. 431, PWN-Polish Scientific publishers, Warsaw (1972).
Ilegems, M. and Dingle, R., “Proc. 5th Int. Symp. on GaAs”, Inst. Phys. Conf. Ser. (to be published).
Evans, B. L. and Young, P. A., Proc. Roy. Soc. 284, 402 (1965). See [Ref. 17] and references therein for a more recent view of these spectra.
Nikitine, S., Mme. Schmitt-Burckel, Biellmann, J., and Ringeissen, J., J. Phys. Chem. Solids 25, 951 (1964).
Brebner, J. L., J. Phys. Chem. Solids 25, 1427 (1964).
It has been shown that interfacial stress has an almost negligible effect on these absorption spectra, R. Dingle and W. Wiegmann (to be published).
Onton, A., “Compound Semiconductor Alloys” in: Festkörper-Probleme XIII (Advances in Solid State Physics) p. 59. Pergamon-Vieweg (1973).
Van Vechten, J. H., Phys. Rev. 187, 1007 (1969).
Alferov, Zh. I., Andreev, V. M., Koral'kov, V. I., Portnoi, E. L., and Tret'yakov, D. N., Sov. Phys. Semicond. 2, 843 (1969).
Logan, R. A. and Reinhart, F. K., J. Appl. Phys. 44, 4172 (1973).
Hensel, J. C. and Feher, G., Phys. Rev. 129, 1041 (1963).
Poschl, G. and Teller, E., Z. Physik 83, 143 (1933).
Similar effects have been seen in interband magneto-optical transitions. See for instance, R. L. Aggarwal, in: Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 9, Ch. 2, Academic, New York (1972).
Ludeke, R., Esaki, L., and Chang, L. L., Appl. Phys. Lett. 24, 417 (1974).
Dingle, R., Gossard, A. C., and Wiegmann, W., Bull. Amer. Phys. Soc., paper AF-10, March 1975 (to be published).
Tsu, R., Koma, A., and Esaki, L., J. Appl. Phys. 46, 842 (1975), have published reflectivity data taken from superlattices structures. The results are not of sufficient precision to be of interest here.
Van der Ziel, J. P., Dingle, R., Miller, R. C., Wiegmann, W., and Nordland, W. A., Appl. Phys. Lett. 26, 463 (1975).
Cho, A. Y. and Casey, H. C., Jr., Appl. Phys. Lett. 25, 288 (1974).
Esaki, L., Science 183, 1149 (1974). *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A00AX015 00003
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1975 Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn Verlagsgesellschaft mbH
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dingle, R. (1975). Confined carrier quantum states in ultrathin semiconductor heterostructures. In: Queisser, H.J. (eds) Festkörperprobleme 15. Advances in Solid State Physics, vol 15. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0107373
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0107373
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-528-08021-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-75347-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive