Abstract
We discuss the evidence for the existence of bi-stable stellar winds of early type stars, both theoretically and observationally. The ratio between the terminal wind velocity and the escape velocity drops steeply from about 2.6 for stars with T eff>21 000 K to about 1.3 at T eff<21 000 K. This is the bi-stability jump, which is due to a change in the ionization of the wind and in the wind driving lines. The mass loss rate increases across the jump by about a factor 2 to 5 from the hotter to the cooler stars. The mass flux from rapidly rotating stars can also show the bi-stability jump at some lattitude between the pole and the equator, with a slow high density wind in the equatorial region and a faster low density wind from the poles. This might explain the disks of rapidly rotating B[e] stars, formed by the Rotation Induced Bi-stability mechanism. We discuss the RIB mechanism and its properties. We also describe some future improvements of the model.
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© 1999 Springer-Verlag
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Lamers, H.J.G.L.M., Vink, J.S., de Koter, A., Cassinelli, J.P. (1999). Disks formed by rotation induced bi-stability. In: Wolf, B., Stahl, O., Fullerton, A.W. (eds) Variable and Non-spherical Stellar Winds in Luminous Hot Stars. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 523. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0106371
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0106371
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