Abstract
The attainment of tertiary flow in ice involves the nonlinear response to the combination of applied stresses and the alteration of both the ice crystals and the polycrystalline aggregate. Tertiary flow rates for individual component strain rates from a series of ice deformation experiments under combined shear and compression stresses are presented, and the departure from the predictions of isotropic flow relations is quantified. A simple generalisation of the flow relations is suggested.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Budd W. F., Jacka, T. H., Li Jun, and Warner, R. C. Ice flow relations for individual components in combined shear and compression. in preparation
Glen J. W. (1952) Experiments on the deformation of ice. Journal of Glaciology 2, (12), 111–114
Glen J. W. (1953) Mechanical properties of ice and their relation to glacier flow. Dissertation. Cambridge, 1953
Glen J. W. (1953) Rate of flow of polycrystalline ice. Nature 172, (4381), 721–722
Glen J. W. (1955) The creep of polycrystalline ice, Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series A 228, (1175), 519–538
Steinemann S. (1954) Flow and recrystallisation of ice. IUGG General Assembly of Rome. IAHS Publication 39, 449–462
Steinemann S. (1958) Resultats experimentaux sur la dynamique de la glace et leurs correlations avec le mouvement et la petrographie des glaciers. IUGG/IAHS Symposium of Chamonix. IAHS Publication 47, 184–198
Nye J. F. (1953) The flow of ice from measurements in glacier tunnels, laboratory experiments and the Jungfraufirn bore hole experiment. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series A. 219, (1139), 477–489
Glen J. W. (1958) The flow law of ice. IUGG/IAHS Symposium of Chamonix. IAHS Publication 47, 171–183
Mellor M., and Testa, R. (1969) Effect of temperature on the creep of ice. Journal of Glaciology 8, (52), 131–145
Barnes P., Tabor, D. and Walker, J. C. F. (1971) The friction and creep of polycrystalline ice. Proceedings of the Royal Society, Series A 324, 127–155
Duval P. (1976) Lois de fluage transitoire ou permanent de la glace polycrystalline pours divers etats de contrainte. Ann. Geophysique 32, 4, 335–360
Paterson W. S. B., and Budd, W. F., (1982) Flow Parameters for ice sheet modelling. Cold Regions Science and Technology 6, 175–177
Budd W. F. and Jacka, T. H. (1989) A review of ice rheology for ice sheet modelling. Cold Regions Science and Technology 16, (2), 107–144
Cole D. M. (1987) Strain-rate and grain-size effects in ice. Journal of Glaciology 33, (115), 274–280
Lile R. C. (1978) The effect of anisotropy on the creep of polycrystalline ice. Journal of Glaciology 21, (85), 475–483
Russell-Head D. S. and Budd, W. F. (1979) Ice sheet flow properties derived from bore-hole shear measurements combined with ice-core studies. Journal of Glaciology 24, (90), 117–130
Jacka T. H., and Maccagnan, M. (1984) Ice crystallographic and strain rate changes with strain in compression and extension. Cold Regions Science and Technology 8, 269–286
Azuma N., and Higashi, A. (1984) Mechanical properties of Dye 3 Greenland deep ice cores. Annals of Glaciology 4, 1–8
Lile R. C. (1984) The flow law for isotropic and anisotropic ice at low strain rates. ANARE Reports, Publication No. 132, Australian Antarctic Division, 93p
Dahl-Jensen D. and Gundestrup, N. S. (1987) Constitutive properties of ice at Dye 3, Greenland. Proceedings of the Vancouver Symposium. IAHS Publication No. 170, 31–43.
Li Jun, Jacka, T. H. and Budd, W. F. (1996) Deformation rates in combined compression and shear for ice which is initially isotropic and after the development of strong anisotropy. Annals of Glaciology 23, 247–252.
Li Jun and Jacka, T. H. (1998) Horizontal shear rate of ice initially exhibiting vertical compression fabrics. Journal of Glaciology, 44, (148), 670–672
Li Jun and Jacka, T. H. (1996) Isotropic ice flow rates derived from deformation tests in simultaneous shear and compression. IAHR Proceedings of the 13th International Symposium on Ice. Beijing, 27–31 August 1996. 3, 937–947.
Johnson A. F. (1977) Creep characterisation of transversely-isotropic metallic crystals. Jour. Mech. Phys. Solids 25, 117–126.
Liboutry L. A. (1987) Very Slow Flows of Solids, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
Liboutry L. A. and Duval P., (1985) Various isotropic and anisotropic ices found in glaciers and polar ice caps and their corresponding rheologies. Annales Geophysicae 3, 207–224.
Azuma N. and Goto-Azuma, K. (1996) An anisotropic flow law for ice-sheet ice and its implications. Annals of Glaciology 23, 202–208.
Svendsen B. and Hutter, K. (1996) A continuum approach for modelling induced anisotropy in glaciers and ice sheets. Annals of Glaciology 23, 262–269.
Hutter K. (1983) Theoretical Glaciology: material science of ice and the mechanics of glaciers and ice sheets. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht.
Morland L. W. (1984) Thermomechanical balances of ice sheet flows. Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 29, 237–266
Pfitzner M. L. (1980) The Wilkes Ice Cap Project, 1966. ANARE Scientific Reports, Series A (4) Glaciology, Publication No. 127, 133p
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Warner, R.C., Jacka, T.H., Jun, L., Budd, W.F. (1999). Tertiary flow relations for compression and shear components in combined stress tests on ice. In: Hutter, K., Wang, Y., Beer, H. (eds) Advances in Cold-Region Thermal Engineering and Sciences. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 533. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0104188
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0104188
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-66333-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48410-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive