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Protein design on pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) by site-directed mutagenesis

Application to mechanistical investigations, and tailoring PDC for the use in organic synthesis

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New Enzymes for Organic Synthesis

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((4143,volume 58))

Abstract

Pyruvate decarboxylases (E.C. 4.1.1.1) from various organisms have been studied for many years, mainly with respect to the mechanism of the non-oxidative decarboxylation reaction. Although the C−C-bond-forming properties of these enzymes are known and have been applied for many years in biotransformations for the synthesis of chiral α-hydroxy ketones, only little is known about the factors influencing the carboligase side-reaction.

The present review surveys recent efforts in the study of site-directed mutagenesis on PDCs, which are discussed against a background of the structural and kinetical investigations. It also includes recent studies on tailoring the PDCs of Zymomonas mobilis for the syntheses of (R)-phenylacetyl carbinol (PAC), a pre-step in the synthesis of l-ephedrine, by protein design techniques.

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Abbreviations

ADH:

alcohol dehydrogenase

CD:

circular dichroism

3D:

three-dimensional

HEThDP:

2-(hydroxyethyl)thiamine diphosphate

Mes:

4-morpholineethanesulfonsäure

nh :

Hill-coefficient

PAC:

phenylacetyl carbinol

PDC:

pyruvate decarboxylase

PDCS.c. :

PDC from Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PDCS.u. :

PDC from Saccharomyces uvarum

PDCZZ.m. :

PDC from Zymomonas mobilis

S0.5 :

substrate concentration necessary for half-maximal velocity

ThDP:

thiamine diphosphate

v/S:

velocity vs substrate concentration

Vmax :

maximal velocity

wt:

wild-type

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  1. Institut für Enzymtechnologie, der Heinrich-Heine Universität Düsseldorf, im Forschungszentrum Jülich, Postfach 2050, D-52402, Jülich

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Dedicated to Professor Dr. Maria-Regina Kula on the occasion of her 60th birthday

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Pohl, M. (1997). Protein design on pyruvate decarboxylase (PDC) by site-directed mutagenesis. In: New Enzymes for Organic Synthesis. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 58. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0103301

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0103301

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-61869-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-70728-8

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