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Downstream Processing Biosurfactants Carotenoids pp 17–59Cite as

Chromatography in the downstream processing of biotechnological products

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Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 53))

Abstract

Chromatographic techniques are essential for the isolation and purification of most of the high value products of modern biotechnology. The economically sensible and technically satisfactory down-stream processing of a therapeutic protein, usually involves a number of chromatographic steps. Its development and optimization require considerable knowledge of the various physico-chemical and engineering aspects of biochemical chromatography. This review addresses the various modes of chromatography and the design of chromatographic separation processes from a biotechnologist's point of view. Strategies for optimizing the structure of the downstream process are outlined and scaling up considerations are discussed. The importance of the different chromatographic methods in research and development is estimated in an analysis of protein purification schemes recently published in the literature. Finally, examples of the application of chromatographic procedures for process scale product purification in the biotechnological industry are given.

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Abbreviations

BSA:

Bovine serum albumin

CHO:

Chinese hamster ovary

CIP:

Clean in place

CM:

Carboxymethyl

DEAE:

Diethylaminoethyl

DNA:

Desoxyribonucleic acid

EDTA:

Ethylendiamine tetraactetic acid

FA:

Fluoroapatite

FPLC:

Fast protein liquid chromatography

GMP:

Good manufacturing practice

GPC:

gel permeation chromatography

HA:

Hydroxyapatite

hGH:

Human growth hormon

HIC:

Hydrophobic interaction chromatography

HPLC:

High performance liquid chromatography

HSA:

Human serum albumin

IAS:

Ideal adsorbed solution

IDA:

Iminodiacetic acid

IEC:

Ion exchange chromatography

IGF:

Insulin like growth factor

IgG:

Immunoglobuline G

IMAC:

Immobilized metal affinity chromatography

mAb:

Monoclonal antibody

MIC:

Metal interaction chromatography

PEI:

Polyethyleneimide

RPC:

Reversed phase chromatography

SEC:

Size exclusion chromatography

SIP:

Sanitize in place

SOP:

Standard operating procedure

TNF:

Tumor necrosis factor

TPA:

Tissue plasminogen activator

A:

Constant

B:

Constant

c:

Concentration in the mobile phase

c n :

Displacer concentration

D:

Effective dispersion coefficient

d p :

Particle diameter

h:

Reduced plate height

H:

Height of a theoretical plate

H(t):

Step function

k′:

Retention factor

K D :

Distribution ratio

L:

Column length

q:

Concentration in the stationary phase

R:

Resolution

t:

Time

t 0 :

Hold up time of an inert tracer

t r :

Retention (hold up) time of a retained substance

u 0 :

Flow velocity

V i :

Intraparticular void volume

V 0 :

Interstitial volume

V r :

Retention volume

w:

Average peak width measured by the base line intercepts

w 0.5 :

Peak width at half height

z:

Distance in the direction of the bulk flow

α:

Interstitial porosity

Δ(z):

Distance between the maxima of two peaks

δ(t):

Dirac function

ε:

Intraparticulate column porosity

θ:

Tortuosity

ϕ:

Phase ratio

ρ:

Reduced velocity

τ:

Time of sample introduction

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Technische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3, D-30167, Hannover, Germany

    Ruth Freitag

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Yale University, Mason Laboratory, 06520, New Haven, CT, USA

    Csaba Horváth

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  1. Ruth Freitag
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  2. Csaba Horváth
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© 1995 Springer-Verlag

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Freitag, R., Horváth, C. (1995). Chromatography in the downstream processing of biotechnological products. In: Downstream Processing Biosurfactants Carotenoids. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 53. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102324

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102324

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-59308-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49234-4

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