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Forest tree biotechnology

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Book cover Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology ((ABE,volume 57))

Abstract

The forest products industry has traditionally viewed trees as merely a raw, and more or less immutable, natural resource. However, unlike such inanimate resources as metallic ores, trees have the potential to be modified genetically, essentially transmuting lead into gold. Increasingly, modern alchemists are applying the tools of biotechnology in efforts to reduce the biological constraints on forest productivity. Several new methodologies being used to address problems in forest biology are described with respect to their potential impact on forest tree improvement. In addition to addressing problems inherent to the current use of trees for production of pulp and paper or solid wood products, genetic manipulation of trees brings with it the potential to create new industries based on the novel characteristics of transgenic trees, e.g. trees containing transgenes to detoxify specific pollutants could be used in the remediation of sites contaminated with hazardous wastes. Efforts to modify trees through biotechnology are in their infancy, and this review seeks to outline the underpinnings of what will undoubtedly be an area of increased emphasis in the next millennium.

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Abbreviations

2,4-D:

2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

AFLP:

amplified fragment length polymorphism

BAP:

benzylaminopurine

Bt:

Bacillus thuringiensis endotoxin

CAD:

cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase

CaMV:

cauliflower mosaic virus

CAT:

chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

EPSP:

5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate

F5H:

ferulate-5-hydroxylase

GFP:

green fluorescent protein

GUS:

β-glucuronidase

IAA:

indoleacetic acid

NAA:

naphthylacetic acid

OMT:

o-methyltransferase

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

PEG:

polyethylene glycol

QTL:

quantitative trait locus

RAPD:

random amplified polymorphic DNA

RFLP:

restriction fragment length polymorphism

STFI:

Swedish Pulp and Paper Research Institute

vir:

a class of genes controlling the virulence of Agrobacterium tumefaciens

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Daniel B. Warnell School of Forest Resources, University of Georgia, 30602, Athens, GA, USA

    Jeffrey F. D. Dean & Scott A. Merkle

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, 30602, Athens, GA, USA

    Peter R. LaFayette & Karl-Erik L. Eriksson

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  1. Jeffrey F. D. Dean
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K. -E. L. Eriksson (Volume Editor)W. Babel H. W. Blanch Ch. L. Cooney S. -O. Enfors K. -E. L. Eriksson A. Fiechter A. M. Klibanov B. Mattiasson S. B. Primrose H. J. Rehm P. L. Rogers H. Sahm K. Schügerl G. T. Tsao K. Venkat J. Villadsen U. von Stockar C. Wandrey

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Dean, J.F.D., LaFayette, P.R., Eriksson, KE.L., Merkle, S.A. (1997). Forest tree biotechnology. In: Eriksson, K.E.L., et al. Biotechnology in the Pulp and Paper Industry. Advances in Biochemical Engineering/Biotechnology, vol 57. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0102071

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