Skip to main content

Labelling rules and orientation: On Sperner's lemma and brouwer degree

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Equations

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Mathematics ((LNM,volume 878))

Abstract

In this paper we consider two labelling rules used in simplicial fixed point algorithms. The first one is the standard labelling rule from an n-dimensional set to the set of integers {1, …, n+1}. The second one is a labelling to the set {±i|i = 1, …, n}. The main purpose of the paper is to compare the two rules. We define the orientation of a completely labelled simplex and give some generalizations of the lemma of Sperner and the related lemma of Knaster, Kuratowski and Mazurkiewicz. Also, for both labelling rules it is shown that the Brouwer degree can be obtained from the completely labelled simplices.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 44.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 59.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Allgower, E.L. and Georg, K. (1980), Simplicial and continuation methods for approximating fixed points and solutions to systems of equations, SIAM Rev. 22, 28–85.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Eaves, B.C. and Scarf, H.E. (1976). The solution of systems of piecewise linear equations, Math. Oper. Res. 1, 1–27.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, K. (1952), A generalization of Tucker's combinatorial lemma with topological applications, Ann. of Math. 56, 431–437.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, K. (1960), Combinatorial properties of certain simplicial and cubical vertex maps, Arch. Math. 11, 368–377.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, K. (1967), Simplicial maps from an orientable n-pseudomanifold into Sm with the octohedral triangulation, J. Combinatorial Theory 2, 588–602.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Fan, K. (1970), A combinatorial property of pseudomanifolds and covering properties of simplexes, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 31, 68–80.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Forster, W. (1980), An application of the generalized Sperner lemma to the computation of fixed points in arbitrary complexes, in W. Forster (ed.), Numerical Solution of Highly Nonlinear Problems. North-Holland, 219–232.

    Google Scholar 

  • Freund, R.M. and Todd, M.J. (1979), A constructive proof of Tucker's combinatorial lemma, Cornell University, Ithaca.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Knaster, B., Kuratowski, C. and Mazurkiewicz, S. (1929), Ein Beweis der Fixpunktsatzes für n-dimensionale Simplexe, Fund. Math. 14, 132–137.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Krasnosel'skii, M.A. (1964), Topological Methods in the Theory of Nonlinear Integral Equations, Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuhn, H.W. (1960), Some combinatorial lemmas in topology. I.B.M. J. Res. Develop. 4, 518–524.

    MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Laan, G. van der (1980), Simplicial fixed point algorithms, Dissertation. Free University, Amsterdam.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Laan, G. van der and Talman, A.J.J. (1978), On the computation of fixed points in the product space of unit simplices and an application to non cooperative N-person games, Free University, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laan, G. van der and Talman, A.J.J. (1979), Interpretation of the variable dimension fixed point algorithm with an artificial level, Free University, Amsterdam.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Laan, G. van der and Talman, A.J.J. (1980), Convergence and properties of recent variable dimension algorithms, in: W. Forster (ed.), Numerical Solution of Highly Nonlinear Problems. North-Holland, 3–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laan, G. van der and Talman, A.J.J. (1981), A class of simplicial subdivisions for restart fixed point algorithms without an extra dimension, Mathematical Programming 20, 33–48.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Lefschetz, S. (1949), Introduction to Topology, Princeton University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemke, C.E. and Grotzinger, S.J. (1976), On generalizing Shapley's index theory to labelled pseudo manifolds, Math. Prog. 10, 245–262.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Prüfer, M. and Siegberg, H.W. (1979), On computational aspects of topological degree in Rn, in: H.O. Peitgen and H.O. Walther (eds.), Functional Differential Equations and Approximation of Fixed Points. Springer-Verlag, 410–433.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reiser, P.M. (1978), Ein hybrides Verfahren zur Lösung von nichtlinearen Komplimentaritätsproblemen und seine Konvergenzeigenschaften, Dissertation, Eidgenössischen Technischen Hochschule, Zürich.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Shapley, L.S. (1974), A note on the Lemke-Howson algorithm, Math. Prog. Stud. 1, 175–189.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Siegberg, H.W. (1980), Brouwer degree: history and numerical computation, in: W. Forster (ed.), Numerical Solution of Highly Nonlinear Problems. North-Holland, 389–416.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sperner, E. (1928), Neuer Beweis für die Invarianz der Dimensionszahl und des Gebietes, Abh. Math. Sem. Univ. Hamburg 6, 265–272.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Sperner, E. (1980), Fifty years of further development of a combinatorial lemma, in: W. Forster (ed.), Numerical Solution of Highly Nonlinear Problems, North-Holland, 183–218.

    Google Scholar 

  • Talman, A.J.J. (1980), Variable dimension fixed point algorithms and triangulations, Dissertation, Free University, Amsterdam.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Todd, M.J. (1976a), The Computation of Fixed Points and Applications, Springer-Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Todd, M.J. (1976b), Orientation in complementary pivot algorithms, Math. Oper. Res. 1, 54–66.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Todd, M.J. (1980), Global and local convergence and monotonicity results for a recent variable-dimension simplicial algorithm, in: W. Forster (ed.), Numerical Solution of Highly Nonlinear Problems. North-Holland, 43–70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Todd, M.J. and Wright, A.H. (1979), A variable-dimension simplicial algorithm for antipodal fixed point theorems, Cornell University, Ithaca.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Tucker, A.W. (1945), Some topological properties of disk and sphere, Proc. First Canadian Math. Congress (Montreal), 285–309.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wolsey, L.A. (1977), Cubical Sperner lemmas as application of generalized complementary pivoting, J. Comb. Theory A 23, 78–87.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Eugene L. Allgower Klaus Glashoff Heinz-Otto Peitgen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Springer-Verlag

About this paper

Cite this paper

Laan, G.V.D., Talman, A.J.J. (1981). Labelling rules and orientation: On Sperner's lemma and brouwer degree. In: Allgower, E.L., Glashoff, K., Peitgen, HO. (eds) Numerical Solution of Nonlinear Equations. Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol 878. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0090684

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0090684

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-10871-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-38781-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics