Skip to main content

Generalization in Wilson's classifier system

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Book cover Parallel Problem Solving from Nature — PPSN V (PPSN 1998)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 1498))

Included in the following conference series:

Abstract

We analyze generalization with the XCS classifier system when the system is applied to animat problems in grid-worlds. Our aim is to give a unified view of generalization with XCS, in order to explain some of the phenomena reported in the literature. Initially, we apply XCS to two environments. Our results show that there are situations in which the generalization mechanism of XCS may prevent the system from converging to optimum. Accordingly, we study XCS's generalization mechanism analyzing the conditions under which the system may fail to evolve an optimal solution. We draw a hypothesis in order to explain the results reported so far. Our hypothesis suggests that XCS fails to learn an optimal solution when, due to the environment structure and to the exploration strategy employed, the system does not explore all the areas of the environment frequently. We thus introduce a meta exploration strategy that is used as theoretical tool to validate our hypothesis experimentally.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Dave Cliff and Susi Ross. Adding memory to ZCS. Adaptive Behaviour, 3(2):101–150, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Pier Luca Lanzi. A Model of the Environment to Avoid Local Learning (An Analysis of the Generalization Mechanism of XCS). Technical Report 97.46, Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione — Politecnico di Milano, 1997. Available at http://www.elet.polimi.it/people/lanzi/listpub.html.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Pier Luca Lanzi. Solving Problems in Partially Observable Environments with Classifier Systems (Experiments on Adding Memory to XCS). Technical Report 97.45, Dipartimento di Elettronica e Informazione — Politecnico di Milano, 1997. Available at http://www.elet.polimi.it/people/lanzi/listpub.html.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Pier Luca Lanzi. A Study on the Generalization Capabilities of XCS. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Genetic Algorithms. Morgan Kaufmann, 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Stewart W. Wilson. ZCS: a zeroth level classifier system. Evolutionary Computation, 1(2):1–18, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Stewart W. Wilson. Classifier fitness based on accuracy. Evolutionary Computation, 3(2):149–175, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Stewart W. Wilson. Personal communication. 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Stewart W. Wilson. Generalization in the XCS classifier system. In MIT Press, editor, Proceedings of the Third Annual Genetic Programming Conference (GP-98), 1998.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Agoston E. Eiben Thomas Bäck Marc Schoenauer Hans-Paul Schwefel

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this paper

Cite this paper

Lanzi, P.L. (1998). Generalization in Wilson's classifier system. In: Eiben, A.E., Bäck, T., Schoenauer, M., Schwefel, HP. (eds) Parallel Problem Solving from Nature — PPSN V. PPSN 1998. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1498. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0056892

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0056892

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-65078-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-49672-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics