Abstract
The profits organic chemists can expect from electrochemistry in the future can best be expressed in the words of one of the world's leading experts in the field, J.O' M.Bockris writes in the article “Electrochemistry: The underdeveloped science≓ 641): “electrochemistry nowadays… has potentialities comparable with those faced by organic chemistry, say from 1920≓.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Basolo, F., Pearson, R.G.: Mechanisms of Inorganic Reactions, 2nd. ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons 1967
Reynolds, W.L., Lumry, R.W.: Mechanisms of Electron Transfer. New York: Ronald Press Company, 1966
Bilevich, K.A., Okhlobystin, O.Yu.: Russ. Chem. Rev. (English Transl.) 37, 954 (1968)
Fichter, F.: Organische Elektrochemie. Dresden-Leipzig: Th. Steinkopf 1942
Brockmann, C.J.: Electro-organic Chemistry. New York: John Wiley and Sons 1926
Allen, M.J.: Organic Electrode Processes, Reinhold Publishing Corp., New York: 1958
Swann, S.: In: Technique of Organic Chemistry, Vol. II, 2nd ed. p. 385; A. Weissberger, Ed. New York: Interscience Publishers 1956
Meites, L.: In: Technique of Organic Chemistry, Vol. I, part IV, p. 3281; Weissberger, A., Ed. New York: Interscience Publishers 1960
Popp, F.D., Schultz, H.P.: Chem. Rev. 62, 19 (1962)
Weinberg, N.L., Weinberg, H.R.: Chem. Rev. 68, 449 (1968)
Mann, Ch.K. and Barnes, K.K.: Electrochemical Reactions in Nonaqueous Systems. New York, Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1970
Sasaki, K., Newby, W.J.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 20, 137 (1969)
Brown, O.R., Harrison, J.A.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 21, 387 (1969)
Lund, H.: österr. Chcmiker-Ztg. 68, 43 (1967); 68, 152 (1967)
Eberson, L.: In: Chemistry of the Carboxyl Group, chap. 2; S. Patai, Ed. New York: Interscience Publishers 1969
Perrin, C.L.: Progr. Phys. Org. Chem. 3, 220 (1965)
Tomilov, A.P.: Russ. Chem. Rev. (English Transl.) 30, 639 (1961)
Fioshin, M.Ya.: Russ. Chem. Rev. (English Transl.) 32, 30 (1963)
Utley, J.H.P.: Ann. Rep. Chem. Soc. (B) 65, 231 (1968); 66, 217
Fleischmann, M., Pletcher, D.: Roy. Inst. Chem. Rev. 2, 87 (1969)
Conway, B.E.: Theory and Principle of Electrode Processes. Ronald Press Company New York: 1965
Conway, B.E.: Rev. Pure Appl. Chem. 18, 105 (1968)
Conway, B.E., Vijh, A.K.: Chem. Rev. 67, 623 (1967)
Delahay, P., Tobias, C.W. (Eds.): Advan. Electrochem. and Electrochem. Eng. 1 (1961); 2 (1962); 3 (1963); 4 (1966); 5 (1967)
Bard, A.J. (Ed.): Electroanal. Chem. 1 (1966); 2 (1967); 3 (1969)
Zuman, P.: Substituent Effects in Organic Polarography. New York: Plenum Press 1967; cf. also Zuman, P: Fortschr. Chem. Forsch. 12, 1 (1969); Progr. Phys. Org. Chem. 5, 81(1967)
Adams, R.N.: Electrochemistry at Solid Electrodes, New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc. 1969
Vielstich, W.: Instrumentent 71, 29 (1963)
Swann, S.: Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 69, 385 (1936); 77, 459 (1940); 88, 103 (1947); Univ. Ill. Eng. Exptl. Sta. Bull. 34, 17 (1936); 38, 9 (1940); 44, 42 (1947); Bibliography Electro-organic Chemistry Univ. Ill. Exptl. Sta. Bull. No. 50, 45, 69; Electrochem. Tech. 1, 308 (1963); 5, 53, 101, 393, 549 (1967)
Swann, S.: Electrochem. Tech. 4, 550 (1966); 5, 389, 467 (1967)
Baizer, M.M.: Naturwissenschaften 56, 405 (1969)
Adams, R.N.: Accounts Chem. Res. 2, 175 (1969)
Fleischmann, M.F., Pletcher, D.: Platinum Metals Rev. 13, 46 (1969)
Ross, S.D.: Trans. N.Y. Acad. Sci., Ser. II 30, 901 (1968)
Wawzonek, S.: Science 155, 39 (1967)
Johnston, K.M.: Educ. Chem. 4, 299 (1967); 5, 15 (1968)
Hoijtink, G.J.: Chem. Ing.-Tech. 35, 333 (1963)
Belleau, B., Au-Young, Y.K.: Can. J. Chem. 47, 2117 (1969)
Schäfer, H., Steckhan, E.: Angew. Chem. (Intern. Ed. Engl.) 8, 518 (1969)
Manning, G., Parker, V.D., Adams, R.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 4584 (1969)
Parker, V.D., Eberson, L.: Tetrahedron Letters 2843 (1969)
Dickinson, T., Ovenden, P.J.: Chem. Brit. 5, 260 (1969)
Adams, R.N.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 8, 151 (1964)
Balashova, N.A., Kazarinov, V.E.: Electroanal. Chem. 3, 135 (1969)
Kuwana, T., Strojek, J.W.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 134 (1968) and references cited therein.-T. Osa, Th. Kuwana, J. Electroanal. Chem. 22, 389 (1969)
Winograd, N., Kuwana, Th., J. Electroanal. Chem. 23, 333, (1969); Hansen, W.N., Kuwana, Th., Osteryoung, R.: Anal. Chem. 38, 1810 (1966)
Janzen, E.G., Blackburn, B.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 4481 (1969) and references cited therein
Fischer, H., Bargon, J.: Accounts Chem. Res. 2, 110 (1969)
House, H.O.: Modern Synthetic Reactions, chap. 3. New York-Amsterdam: W.A. Benjamin, Inc. 1965
Andrulis, P.J. Jr., Dewar, M.J.S., Dietz, R., Hunt, R.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5473 (1966)
Heiba, E.I., Dessau, R.M., Koehl, W.J. Jr.: J. Am. Chem. Soc., 91, 6830 (1969)
Fleischmann, M., Pletcher, D.: Tetrahedron Letters 6255 (1968)
Suppliers of polarographs: Metrohm, Switzerland; Radiometer, Denmark; Heathkit, U.S.A.; see also advertisements in J. Electroanal. Chem.,Analytic. Chem., J. Elcctrochem. Soc.
Wilson, C.L., Lippincott, W.T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 78, 4291 (1956); J. Electrochem. Soc. 103, 672 (1956)
Linstead, R.P., Bunt, J.C., Weedon, B.C.L., Shephard, B.R.: J. Chem. Soc. 3624 (1952)
Harvey, D.R., Norman, R.O.C.: J. Chem. Soc. 4860 (1964)
Eberson, L., Nyberg, K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 1686 (1966); Acta Chem. Scand. 18, 1568 (1964)
Leung, M., Herz, J., Salzberg, H.W.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 310 (1965).-Salzberg, H.W., Leung, M.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 2873 (1965)
Ross, S.D., Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 4139 (1964)
Eberson, L., Olofsson, B.: Acta Chem. Scand. 23, 2355 (1969); for a conflicting view, see Parker, V.D., Burgert, B.E.: Tetrahedron Letters 2411 (1968)
Parker, V.D., Eberson, L.: Chem. Commun. 340 (1969)
Parker, V.D., Chem. Commun. 848 (1969)
Baizer, M.M.: J. Org. Chem. 29, 1670 (1964)
Koyama, K., Susuki, T., Tsutsumi, S.: Tetrahedron Letters 627 (1965)
Parker, V.D., Burgert, B.E.: Tetrahedron Letters 4065 (1965)
Eberson, L., Nilsson, S.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 242 (1968)
Tsutsumi, S., Koyama, K.: Trans. Faraday Soc. 45, 247 (1968)
Susuki, T., Koyama, K., Omori, A., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 2663 (1968)
Andreades, S., Zahnow, E.W.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 4181 (1969)
Parker, V.D., Burgert, B.E.: Tetrahedron Letters 3341 (1968)
Weinberg, N.L., Brown, E.A.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 4058 (1966)
-: J. Org. Chem. 33, 4326 (1968); cf. also Smith, P.J., Mann, C.K.: J. Org. Chem. 33, 316 (1968)
Meites, L.: Pure Appl. Chem. 18, 35 (1969)
Peover, M.E.: Electroanal. Chem. 2, 1 (1967); cf. also Ref.34
Michielli, R.F., Elving, P.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 1989 (1968)
Sadler, J.L., Bard, A.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 1970 (1968)
For discussion and references, see Zahradnik, R., Parkanyi, C.: Talanta 12, 1289 (1965)
For an extensive review on nonaqueous solvents in electrochemistry, see Mann, C.K.: Electroanal. Chem. 3, 57 (1969) Bard, A.J. (Ed.)
Billon, J.P.: Bull Soc. Chim. France 863 (1962)
Courtot-Coupez, J., Le Demezet, M.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 4744 (1967)
Dubois, J.E., Lacaze, P.C., de Ficquelmont, A.M.: Compt. Rend. 262 C, 181 (1966)
Quoted from Ref. 25,-p. 33
Cauquis, G., Serve, D.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 302 (1966)
Nelson, R.F., Adams, R.N.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 13, 184 (1967)
Coetzee, J.F., Simon, J.M., Bertozzi, R.J.: Anal. Chem. 41, 766 (1969)
Perichon, J., Buvet, R.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1279 (1968)
Swain, C.G., Ohno, A., Roe, D.K., Brown, R., Maugh, T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 2648 (1967)
Woodhall, B.J., Davies, G.R.: Abstracts, Meeting of the Society for Electrochemistry, England, April 15–16, 1969, p. 26
Baizer, M.M.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 215 (1964)
Ercoli, R., Guainazzi, M., Silvestri, G.: Chem. Commun. 927 (1967)
Nyberg, K.: Acta Chem. Scand., 24, 1609 (1970)
For a discussion and an extensive list of references, see: Parsons, R.: Rev. Pure Appl. Chem. 18, 91 (1968)
Beck, F.: Ber. Bunsenges. Physik. Chem. 72, 379 (1968)
Nyberg, K.: Chem. Commun. 774 (1969); cf. also Ref. 51
Koehl, W.J., Jr: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 4686 (1964). For a case where substitution of carbon for platinum does not change the product composition, see Eberson, L., Nilsson, S.: Acta Chem. Scand. 22, 2453 (1968)
Ross, S.D., Finkelstein, M.: J. Org. Chem., 34, 2923 (1969)
Hartley, A.M., Axelrod, H.D.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 18, 115 (1968)
Woolford, R.G.: Can. J. Chem. 40, 1846 (1962); cf. also Woolford, R.G., Arbis, W., Rosser, A.: Can. J. Chem. 42, 1788 (1964)
Barry, C., Cauquis, G.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1032 (1966)
Peltier, D., Le Guyader, M., Tacussel, J.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 2609 (1963). Moinet, C., Peltier, D.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 690 (1969)
Iversen, P.E., Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 19, 2303 (1965)
Wright, C.M., Levering, D.R.: Tetrahedron 19, 3 (1963)
Sioda, R.E.: Electrochim. Acta 13, 375 (1968) and references cited therein
Suppliers of ion exchange membranes: American Machine & Foundary Co., Stamford, Conn., U.S.A.; Ionics Chemical Co., Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A., Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Tokyo, Japan
Suppliers of potentiostats: Chemical Electronics, Durham, England; Amel, Milan, Italy; Tage Juul Electronics, Herlev, Denmark; Elron, Tel-Aviv, Israel
Bewick, A., Brown, O.R.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 15, 129 (1967)
Fleischmann, M., Goodridge, F.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 254 (1968) and references cited therein.
Hickling, A., Wilkins, R.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 261 (1968)
Allen, M.J.: Electrochem. Tech. 1, 315 (1963)
MacMullin, R.B.: Electrochem. Tech. 2, 106 (1964)
Goodridge, F.: Chem. Proc. Eng., February, 93 (1968), March 121 (1966)
Danly, D.E.: Hydrocarbon Processing, June, 159 (1966)
For a conflicting view on the merits of fluidized-bed electrodes, see Armstrong, R.D., Brown, O.R., Giles, R.D., Harrison, J.A.: Nature 219, 94 (1968)
Witts, W.S.: Abstracts, Meeting of the Society for Electrochemistry (England), Thornton, April 15–16, 1968
Backhurst, J.R., Coulson, J.M., Goodridge, F., Plimley, R.E., Fleischmann, M.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 116, 1600 (1969)
Elving, P.J., Pullman, B.: Advan. Chem. Phys. 3, 1 (1961)
Mango, F.D., Bonner, W.A.: J. Org. Chem. 29, 1367 (1964)
Koyama, K., Ebara, T., Tani, T., Tsutsumi, S.: Can. J. Chem. 47, 2484 (1969)
Eberson, L., Nyberg, K., Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C., Ross, S.D.; Uebel, J.J.: J. Org. Chem. 32, 16 (1967)
Paquette, L.A., Malpass, J.R., Barton, T.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 4714 (1969) and references cited therein
Inoue, T., Koyama, K., Matsuoka, T., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 40, 162 (1967)
Ross, S.D., Finkelstein, M., Uebel, J.J.: J. Org. Chem. 34, 1018 (1969)
Bernhardsson, E., Eberson, L., Sternerup, H.: Extended Abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 311; configurational assignments of the two diastereomers have been revised
Horner, L., Röder, H.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 723, 11 (1969)
Dietz, R., Peover, M.E.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 154 (1968)
Fry, A.J., Moore, R.H.: J. Org. Chem. 33, 1283 (1968)
Erickson, R.E., Annino, R., Scanion, M.D., Zon, G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 1767 (1969)
See also Conway, B.E., Rudd, E.J., Gordon, L.G.M.: Extended Abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 340
Gouwley, R.N., Grimshaw, J., Miller, P.G.: Chem. Commun. 3, 1278 (1967)
Horner, L., Degner, D.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 5889
Parker, V.D., Nyberg, K., Eberson, L.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 22, 150 (1969)
Fritsch, J.M., Weingarten, H.: Extended Abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 346
Bard, A.J., Phelps, J.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 25, App. 2–5 (1970)
For a review on the chemistry of radical anions, see Swarc, M.: Progr. Phys. Org. Chem. 6, 323 (1968).-Dorfmann, L.M.: Accounts Chem. Res. 3, 224 (1970)
Staples, T.L., Jagur-Grodzinski, J., Swarc, M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 3721 (1969)
Hoijtink, G.J.: Ind. Chim. Belge 12, 1371 (1963)
Velthorst, N.H., Hoijtink, G.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 4529 (1965)
--: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 209 (1967)
Kastening, B.: Electrochim. Acta 9, 241 (1964).-Kastening, B., Vavricka, S.: Ber. Bunsenges. Physik. Chem. 72, 27 (1968)
Kolb, D., Wirths, W., Gerischer, H.: Ber. Bunsenges. Physik. Chem. 73, 148 (1969)
Sioda, R.E.: J. Phys. Chem. 72, 2322 (1968)
Shine, H.J., Murata, Y.: J. Am. Soc. 91, 1872 (1969); J. Org. Chem. 34, 3368 (1969)
Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 11, 491 (1957)
Fichter, F., Ris, H.: Helv. Chim. Acta 7, 803 (1924)
Brit. Patent 1, 051, 614; Chem. Abstr. 66, 81920 (1967)
See Ref. 10, Table XVII
U.S. Patent 3,200,054; Chem. Abstr. 63, 11023 (1965)
Fichter, F., Sjostedt, P.: Chem. Ber. 43, 3422 (1910)
U.S. Patent 2,521,147; Chem. Abstr. 44, 10556 (1950)
German Patent 1,034,171; Chem. Abstr. 54, 11775 (1960); cf. also Fichter, F., Wenk, W.: Chem. Ber. 45, 1373 (1912)
Fichter, F., Lotter, P.: Helv. Chim. Acta 8, 438 (1925)
Cauquis, G., Genies, M.: Tetrahedron Letters 3537 (1968)
Zuman, P., Barnes, D., Ryvolova-Kejharova, A.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 202 (1968) and references cited therein
Wawzonek, S., Gundersen, A.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 107, 537 (1960)
Evans, D.H., Woodbury, E.C.: J. Org. Chem. 32, 2158 (1967)
Stocker, J.H., Jenevein, R.M.: Symposium Abstract, “The Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Elcctroorganic Chemistry≓, U.S. Army Research Office, Durham, N.C., p.221
Kabasakalian, P., McGlotten, J., Basch, A., Yudis, M.D.: J. Org. Chem. 26, 1738 (1961)
Mandell, L., Powers, R.M., Day, R.A.: J. Am. Soc. 80, 5284 (1958)
Throop, L., Tökes, L.: J. Am. Soc. 89, 4789 (1967)
Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 17, 972 (1963)
Iversen, P.E., Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 21, 279 (1965)
Acta Chem. Scand. 21, 389 (1967)
Mettler, C.: Chem-Ber. 38, 1745 (1905); 39, 2933 (1906)
Carrahar, P., Drakesmith, F.G.: Chem. Commun. 1562 (1968)
Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 17, 2325 (1963)
-: Acta Chem. Scand. 13, 249 (1959)
-: Acta Chem. Scand. 18, 563 (1964)
-Tetrahedron Letters 3651 (1968)
Fry, A.J., Newberg, J.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 6374 (1967);-Reed, R.G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 6448 (1969)
Lund, H., Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 193 (1968)
Volke, J., Kardos, A.M.: Collection Czech. Chem. Commun. 33, 2560 (1968)
Manousek, O., Zuman, P.: Chem. Commun. 158 (1965)
Arapakos, P.G., Scott, M.K.: Tetrahedron Letters 1975 (1968)
Iversen, P., Lund, H.: Tetrahedron Letters 4027 (1967)
Sayo, H., Tsukitani, Y., Masui, M.: Tetrahedron 24, 1717 (1968)
Sayo, H., Masui, M.: Tetrahedron 24, 5075 (1968)
Tallec, A.: Compt. Rend. 262 C, 1886 (1966); 263 C, 722 (1966); Ann. Chim. (Paris) 3, 164 (1968)
Cadle, S.H., Tice, P.R., Chambers, J.Q.: J. Phys. Chem. 71, 3517 (1967)
Hranilovic, J., Koruncev, D., Gustak, E.: Electrochem. Tech. 6, 62 (1968)
Lund, H.: Extended Abstracts, Symposium on the Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Electroorganic Chemistry, U.S. Army Research Office, Durham, N.C., U.S.A., October 14–16, 1968, p. 197
-In: The chemistry of the carbon-nitrogen double bond, p. 505; Ed. S. Patai, Interscience Publishers 1970
Oelschläger, H., Hoffmann, H.: Arch. Pharm. 300, 817 (1967)
Ramaswamy, R., Venkatachalapathy, M.S., Udupa, H.V.K.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 110, 202 (1963)
Rausch, M.D., Popp, F.D., McEwen, W.E., Kleinberg, J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 76, 3522 (1954)
-: J. Org. Chem. 25, 1186 (1960)
Staudinger, H., Ullrich, V.: Z. Naturforsch. 19b, 409 (1964).-Ullrich, V., Hey, D., Zubrzycki,Z., Staudinger, H.: Z. Naturforsch. 20b, 1185 (1965)
Wright, C.M., Heck, R.F., Yokoyama, W.: Extended Abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 361
Arad, Y., Levy, M., Miller, I.R., Vofsi, D.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 899 (1967)
Rosen, H., Arad, Y., Levy, M., Vofsi, D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 1425 (1969)
Littlehailes, J.D., Woodhall, B.J.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 187 (1968)
Dietz, R., Peover, M.E., Rothbaum, H.P.: Abstracts, Symposium on the Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Electroorganic Chemistry, U.S. Research Army Office, Durham, N.C., U.S.A., October 14–16, 1968, p. 137
-Abstracts, Meeting of the Society for Electrochemistry, England, April 15–16, 1969, p. 8
Dietz, R., Peover, M.E., Rothbaum, P.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 185 (1970)
Iversen, P.E., Lund, H.: Tetrahedron Letters 3523 (1969)
Shono, T., Mitani, M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 2728 (1968)
Nagase, S.: Fluorine Chem. Rev. 1, 77 (1967)
Burdon, J., Tatlow, J.C.: Advan. Fluorine Chem. 1, 129 (1960)
Cornforth, J.W., Jones, F., Clifford, K.H., Green, D.T.: Abstracts, Meeting of the Society for Electrochemistry, England, April 15–16, 1969, p. 6
Ibl, N., Selvig, A.: Abstracts, Meeting of Applied Electrochemistry, Bonn, Germany, October 6–8, 1969; Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 180 (1970)
Wawzonek, S., Duty, R.C.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 108, 1135 (1961)
Wawzonek, S., Wagenknecht, J.H.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 110, 420 (1963)
Su, T.: Dissertation, The University of Iowa, U.S.A., 1967; Univ. Microfilms No. 67-9111
Schmeisser, M., Sartori, P.: Chcm.-Ing.-Tech. 36, 9 (1964)
Forche, E., Methoden der Organischen Chemie (Houben-Weyl), Stuttgart: G.Thieme Verlag 1962. Ed. E. Müller, Vol. V,3, p. 38
Voitovich, Ya.N., Kazakov, V.Ya., Kozyreva, A.N., Levin, A.: Zh.Prikl. Khim. 42, 131 (1969); Chem. Abstr. 70, 120545 (1969)
Simons, J.H., and coworkers: Trans. Elechtrochem.Soc. 95, 47 (1949)
Nagase, S., Baba, H., Abe, T.: Bull.Chem.Soc. Japan 39, 2304 (1966)
Goerig, D., Jonas, H., Moschel, W.: DBP 1040009 (1952), C. 1956, 10598
Nagase, S., Abe, T., Babe, H.: Chem. Abstr. 70, 33773 (1969)
Scholberg, H.M., Brice, H.G.: AP 2717871, Chem. Abstr. 49, 15572h (1955)
Nagase, S., Abe, T., Babe, H.: Bull Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 1921 (1968)
Ryabinin, N.A., Kolenko, I.P., Lunadin, B.N., Butina, I.V.: Chem. Abstr. 70, 68024 (1969)
Kolenko, I.P., Ryabinin, N.A., Lundin, B.N.: Chem.Abstr. 70, 87422 (1969)
Kauck, E., Simons, J.H.: Chem. Abstr. 46, 6015a (1952); AP 2, 594, 272
Gramstadt, T., Haszeldine, R.N.: J. Chem. Soc. 1956, 173; ibid. 1957, 2640
Dow Corning Corp.: Brit. Pat. 1.099.240; Chem. Abstr. 68, 83821w (1968)
Simmons, T.C., Hoffmann, F.W.: J.Am. Chem. Soc. 79, 3429 (1957)
Kauck, E.A., Simons, J.H.: C. 1955, 4937
Shono, T., Matsamura, Y.: J.Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 2803 (1969)
-Kosaka, T.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 6207
Ross, S.D., Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 4657 (1966)
Shono, T., Matsumara, Y.: J. Am. Chem, Soc. 90, 5937 (1968)
Cooper, A., Mantell, Ch.L.: Chem. Abstr. 65, 3323f (1966)
Kharitinov, N.P., Nechaev, B.P., Fedorova, G.T.: Zh. Obshch. Khim. 39, 824 (1969); Chem. Abstr. 71, 56040w (1969)
Takeda, A., Wada, S., Torii, S., Matsui, J.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 42, 1047 (1969).-Takeda, A., Torii, S., Oka, N.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 1781
Eberson, L.: Acta Chem. Scand. 17, 2004 (1963)
Woolford, R.G., Song, J., Lin, W.S.: Can. J. Chem. 45, 1837 (1967)
Traynham, J.G., Dehn, J.S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 2139 (1967)
Skell, P.S., Starer, I.: J.Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 4117 (1959); ibid. 82, 2971 (1960); ibid. 84, 3962 (1962)
Ref.14, Table 9 and 7
Corey, E.J., Bauld, N.L., La Londe, R.T., Casanova, J. Jr., Kaiser, E.T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 2645 (1960)
Reichenbacher, P.H., Morris, M.D., Skell, P.S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 3432 (1968)
Gassman, P.G., Zalar, F.V.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 2252 (1966)
Shono, T., Nishiguchi, J., Yamane, S., Oda, R.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 1965
Skell, P.S., Reichenbacher, P.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 2309 (1968)
-, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 3436 (1968)
Wharton, P.S., Hiegel, G.A., Coombs, R.V.: J. Org. Chem. 28, 3217 (1963)
Corey, E.J., Sauers, R.R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 1743 (1959)
Binns, T.D., Brettle, R., Cox, G.B.: J. Chem. Soc. C 1969, 2499
Garwood, R.F., Din, N.U., Weedon, B.C.L.: Chem. Commun. 1968, 923
Bunyan, P.J., Hey, D.H.: J. Chem. Soc. 1962, 324, 2771
Smets, G., Borght, X. van der, Hawen, G.J. van: J. Polymer Sci. A 2, 5187 (1964)
Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C.: J. Org. Chem. 25, 136 (1960)
Wladislaw, B., Ayres, A.M.J.: J. Org. Chem. 27, 281 (1962)
Linstead, R.P., Shephard, B.R., Weedon, B.C.L.: J. Chem. Soc. 1951, 2854
Gassman, P.G., Fox, B.L.: J. Org. Chem. 32, 480 (1967)
Fichter, F., Herndl, J.: Helv. Chim. Acta 25, 229 (1942)
-, W. Steinbuch: Helv. Chim. Acta 26, 695 (1943)
-, Bloch, E.: Helv. Chim. Acta 22, 1529 (1939)
Eberson, L., Nyberg, K.: Acta Chem. Scand. 18, 1567 (1964)
Eberson, L.: J. Org. Chem. 27, 2329 (1962)
Muck, D.L., Wilson, E.R.: Extended abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, Abstr. No. 129, p. 308
Kornprobst, J.M., Laurent, A., Laurent-Dieuziede, E.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1968, 3657
Eberson, L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 4669 (1967)
Parker, V.D., Burgert, B.: Tetrahedron Letters 1965, 4065
Inoue, T., Koyama, K., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 37, 1597 (1964); ibid. 38, 661 (1965); Tetrahedron Letters 1963, 1409
Koyama, K., Suzuki, T., Tsutsumi, S.: Tetrahedron Letters 1965, 627
Sasaki, K., Urata, H., Umeyama, K., Nagaura, S.: Electrochim. Acta 12, 137 (1967)
Millington, J.P.: J. Chem. Soc. B 1969, 982
Parker. V.D., Eberson, L.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 2839
Ref. 10, Table 3
Koyama, K., Yoshida, K., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 39, 516 (1966)
Tsutsumi, S., Koyama, K., Ebara, T.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 2668 (1968)
Koehl, W.J. Jr.: J. Org. Chem. 32, 614 (1967)
Susuki, T., Koyama, K., Omari, A., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 2663 (1968)
Yoshida, K., Fueno, T.: Chem. Commun. 1970, 711
Fichter, F., Schönmann, P.: Helv. Chim. Acta 19, 1411 (1936)
Sasaki, K., Takehira, U., Shiba, H.: Electrochim. Acta 13, 1623 (1968)
Covitz, F.H.: Chem. Abstr. 71, 91080 (1969); Fr. Pat. 1,544,350
Miller, L.L., Kujawa, E.P., Campbell, C.B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 2821 (1970)
Parker, V.D., Adams, R.N.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 1721
Eberson, L., Olofson, B.: Acta Chem. Scand. 23, 2355 (1969)
-, Nyberg, K.: Tetrahedron Letters 1966, 2389
Ross, S.D., Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 4088 (1967).
Tsutsumi, S., Koyama, K., Susuki, T.: Tetrahedron 23, 2665 (1967)
Wladeslaw, B., Viertler, H.: Chem. Ind. (London) 1965, 39
Weinberg, N.L.: Extended Abstracts, Symposium on the Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Electroorganic Chemistry, U.S., Army Research Office, Durham, N.C. U.S.A. October 14–16, 1968, p. 263
-, Reddy, T.B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 91 (1968)
Basselier, J.J., Cauquis, G., Cros, J.L.: Chem. Commun. 1969, 1171
Hudson, A.G., Pedler, A.E., Tatlow, J.C.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 2143
Wawzonek, S., Gundersen, A.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 107, 537 (1960)
Wawzonek, S., Berkey, R., Blake, E.W., Runner, M.E.: J. Electrochem.Soc. 103, 456 (1956)
McDowell, C.S.: Diss. Abstr. B, 28 (6) 2348 (1967)
Rifi, M.R.: J.Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 4442 (1967)
-, Extended abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 320
Parker, V.D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 5380 (1969)
Lindsey, R.V., Peterson, M.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 2073 (1959)
Smith, W.B., Gilde, H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 5325 (1959)
Smith, W.B., Gilde, H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 1355 (1961)
Khrizolitova, M.A., Mirkind, L.A., Fioshin, M.Y.: Zh. Org. Khim. 6, 219 (1970); Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 1968 (182), 617; 69, 112842 g (1968); 71, 26969 p (1969); Zh. Org. Khim. 1968, 1705; Chem. Abstr. 70, 19497, (1969)
Smith, W.B., Gilde, H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 659 (1960)
Goldschmidt, S., Stöckl, E.: Chem. Ber. 85, 630 (1952)
Fioshin, M.Y., Kamneva, A.I., Mirkind, L.A., Salmin, L.A., Kornienko, A.G.: Chem. Abstr. 58, 11205 (1963)
Schäfer, H., Alazrak, A.: Angew. Chem. 80, 485 (1968); Angew. Chem. Intern. Ed. Engl. 7, 474 (1968)
Whalling, Ch., Huyser, E.S.: In: A.C. Cope(ed.), Organic Reactions, Vol. 13 pp. 91–149. New York: J. Wiley & Sons, Inc. 1963
Schäfer, H.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 41, 179 (1969)
Lawesson, S.O., Sosnovsky, G.: Svensk Kem. Tidskr. 75, 343 (1963); 75, 568 (1963)
Schäfer, H.: Angew. Chem. 82, 134 (1970); Angew. Chem. Intern. Ed. Engl. 9, 158 (1970)
-, Küntzel, H.: Tetrahedron Letters, 3333 (1970)
-, Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 164 (1970
-, Steckhan, E.: unpublished
Foita, G., Fleischmann, M., Pletcher, D.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 25, 455 (1970)
Weinberg, N.L., Hoffmann, A.K.: 21. st CITCE Meeting, Prag 1970, Extended abstracts p. 467
Leininger, R., Pasiut, L.A.: Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 88, 73 (1945)
Clauson-Kaas, N., Limborg, F., Glens, K.: Acta Chem. Scand. 6, 531 (1952)
--, Dietrich, P.: Acta Chem. Scand. 6, 545 (1952)
Murakami, M., Chen, J.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 36, 263 (1963)
Ponomarev, A.A., Markushina, I.A.: J. Gen. Chem. USSR 33, 3892 (1963)
Yoshida, K., Fueno, T.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 42, 2411 (1969)
Belleau, B., Weinberg, N.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 2525 (1963)
Quoted from Ref. 15
Weinberg, N.L., Brown, E.A.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 4054 (1966)
Vermillion, F.J. Jr., Pearl, I.A.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 1392 (1964)
Dimroth, K., Perst, H., Schlömer, K., Worschech, K., Müller, K.H.: Chem. Ber. 100, 629 (1967)
Scott, A.J., Dodson, P.A., Mc.Capra, F., Meyers, M.B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 3702 (1963).-Iwasaki, H., Cochen, L.A.,Witkop, B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 3701 (1963)
Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 11, 1323 (1957)
Parker, V.D., Eberson, L.: Chem. Commun. 1969, 451
Brettle, R., Baggaly, A.J.: J. Chem. Soc. C., 1968, 2055
Courbis, P., Guillemont, A.: Compt. Rend. Ser. C 262, 1435 (1966)
Inoue, T., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 38, 661 (1965)
-, Koyama, K., Matsuoka, T., Matsuoka, K., Tsutsumi, S.: Tetrahedron Letters 1963, 1409
Inoue, T., Tsutsumi, S.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 3525 (1965)
Dye, J.L.: Accounts Chem. Res. 1, 306 (1968); Adv. Chem. Series of A.C.S. 50 (1965)
Osa, T., Yamagishi, T., Kodama, T., Misono, A.: Extended abstracts, Symposium on the Synthetic and Mechanistic Aspects of Electroorganic Chemistry, U.S. Army Research Office, Durham, N.C., U.S.A., October 14–16, pp. 157; Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 69 (1968); J. Electrochem. Soc. 115, 266 (1968)
Misono, A., Osa, T., Yamagishi, T.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 40, 427 (1967)
Hart, E.J., Gordon, S., Fielden, E.M.: J. Phys. Chem. 70, 150 (1966)
Sternberg, H.W., Markby, R.E., Wender, I., Mohilner, D.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 186 (1967); Extended abstracts, Symposium on the Synthetic and mechanistic Aspects of Electroorganic Chemistry, U.S. Army Research Office, Durham, N.C., U.S.A., October 14–16, 1968, pp. 179. — Sternberg, H.W., Mohilner, D.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 4191 (1969)
Caterall, R., Stodulski, L.P., Symons, M.C.R.: J. Chem. Soc. A 1968, 437
Asahara, T., Seno, M., Kaneko, H.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 41, 2985 (1968)
Hoijtink, G.J.: Rec. Trav. Chim. 76, 885 (1957)
Benkeser, R.A., Kaiser, E.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 2858 (1963).-Benkeser, R.A., Kaiser, E.M., Lambert, R.F.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 5272 (1964)
-, Tincher, C.A.: J. Org. Chem. 33, 2727 (1968)
-, Watanabe, H., Mels, S.J., Sabol, M.: J. Org. Chem. 35, 1210 (1970)
Throop, L.J.: U.S. Patent 3,444,057, C.A. 71, 50359 k (1969)
Horner, L., Röder, H.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 723, 11 (1969)
Rosenthal, I., Hayes, J.R., Martin, A.J., Elving, Ph.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 80, 3050 (1958)
Lee, J.B., Cashmore, P.: Chem. Ind. London 1966, 1758
Wawzonek, S., Gundersen, A.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 107, 537 (1960)
-, Duty, R.C., Wagenknecht, J.H.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 74 (1964)
-, Gundersen, A.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 324 (1964)
-, Blaha, E.W., Berkey, R., Runner, M.E.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 102, 235 (1955)
Takeda, K., Igarashi, K., Narisoda, M.: Steroids 4, 305 (1964)
Plieninger, H., Lehnort, W.: Chem. Ber. 100, 2427 (1967)
Westberg, H.H., Dauben, H.J., Jr.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 5123
Radlick, Ph., Klem, R., Spurlock, S., Simms, J.J., Tamelen, E.E. van, Whitesides, T.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 5117
Märkl, J., Schubert, H.: Tetrahedron Letters 1970, 1273
Fichter, F., Petrovitch, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 24, 549 (1941)
Corey, E.J., Casanova, J., Jr.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 165 (1963)
Rosenthal, J., Lacoste, R.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 3268 (1959)
Feoktistov, L.G., Tomilov, A.P., Gol'din, M.M.: Izv. Akad. Nauk. SSSR, Ser. Khun. 1963, 1352; Chem. Abstr. 59, 12624 f (1963)
Stackelberg, M.v., Stracke, W.: Z Elektrochem. 53, 118 (1949)
Elving, Ph.J., Rosenthal, J., Martin, A.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 77, 5218 (1955)
Eberson, L.: Acidity and hydrogen bonding of carboxyl groups. In: The chemistry of carbo175-01ylic acids and esters, chapter 6; Patai, S., ed., 1970
Doyle, A.M., Pedler, A.E., Tatlow, I.C.: J. Chem. Soc. C 1968, 2740
Arapakos, P.G., Scott, M.K.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 1975
Zavada, J., Krupicka, J., Sicher, J.: Collection Czech. Chem. Commun. 28, 1664 (1963)
Covitz, F.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 5403 (1967)
Gilch, H.G.: J. Polymer Sci. A 1, 4, 1351 (1966)
Eberson, L.: Electrochim. Acta 12, 1473 (1967)
Leermakers, P.A., Weis, L.D., Thomas, H.T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 4403 (1965)
Svadskovskaya, G.E., Voitkevich, S.A.: Russ. Chem. Rev. (English Transl.) 29, 161 (1960)
Weedon, B.C.L.: Advan. Org. Chem. 1, 1 (1960
Conway, B.E., Vijh, A.K.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 4283 (1966)
Garwood, R.F., Scott, C.J., Weedon, B.C.L.: Chem. Commun. 1, 14 (1965)
Eberson, L.: Acta Chem. Scand. 17, 1196 (1963)
Rand, L., Moher, A.F.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 3885 (1965)
Eberson, L., Nilson, S.: unpublished
-, Sandberg, B.: Acta Chem. Scand. 20, 739 (1966)
Conway, B.E., Dzieciuch, M.: Can. J. Chem. 41, 21, 38, 55 (1963).-Conway, B.E., Vijh, A.K.: Z. Anal. Chem. 224, 149, 160 (1967)
Fleischmann, M.F., Mansfield, J.R., Wynne-Jones, W.F.K.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 10, 511, 522 (1965).-Fleischmann, M., Goodridge, F.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 254 (1968).-Hickling, A., Wilkins, R,: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 261 (1968)
Reichenbacher, P., Liu, M.Y.C., Skell, P.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 1816 (1968)
Eberson, L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 2402 (1969)
Wallis, E.S., Adams, F.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 55, 3838 (1933).-Smith, W.B., Gilde, H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 1355 (1961)
Kazakova, L.I., Fioshin, M.Y., Avtruskaya, I.A.: Zh.Prikl. Khim. 41, 1326 (1968); Chem. Abstr. 69, 64097 u (1968)
Kazuhiro, M., Katsuya, M.: Nippon Kagaku Zasshi 89, 196 (1968); Chem. Abstr. 68, 110809 g (1968)
Sokolov, S.V., Levin, A.J., Chechina, O.N.: Zh. Obshch. Khim. 35, 1718 (1965); Chem. Abstr. 64, 1943 a (1966)
Wohl, A., Schweitzer, H.: Chem. Ber. 39, 890 (1906)
Fichter, F., Lurie, S.: Helv. Chim. Acta 16, 885 (1933)
Offe, H.A.: Z. Naturforsch. 2b, 182 (1947)
Rand, L., Rao, C.S.: J. Org. Chem. 33, 2704 (1968)
Serck-Hanssen, K., Ställberg-Stenhagen, S., Stenhagen, E.: Arkiv Kemi 5, 203, (1953)
Haufe, J., Beck, F.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 170 (1970)
Woolford, R.G., Lin, W.S.: Can. J. Chem. 44, 2783 (1966)
Binns, T.D., Brettle, R., Cox, G.B.: J. Chem. Soc. C 1968, 584
Vellturo, A.F., Griffin, G.W.:J. Org. Chem. 31, 2241 (1966)
Linstead, R.P., Lunt, J.C., Weedon, B.C.L.: J. Chem. Soc. 1950, 3331
Eberson, L.: J. Org. Chem. 27, 3706 (1962)
Milburn, A.H., Truter, E.V.: J. Chem. Soc. 1954, 3344
Baker, B.W., Linstead, R.P., Weedon, B.C.L.: J. Chem. Soc. 1955, 2218
Brettle, R., Parkin, J.G.: J. Chem. Soc. C 1967, 1352
Okubo, T., Tsutsumi, S.: Bull. Soc. Chem. Japan 37, 1794 (1964)
--: Nippon Kagaku Zassi 87, 449 (1966)
Adickes, F., Brunnert, W., Lücker, O.: J. Prakt. Chem. 130, 163 (1931)
Ulpiani, C., Rodano, G.A.: Atti Accad. Naze. Lincei 14[II] 604 (1905)
Bahner, C.T.: U.S.Pat. 2, 485, 803 (1949), Chem. Abstr. 44, 2876 b (1950)
-, Ind. Eng. Chem. 44, 317 (1952)
Johnston, K.M.: Tetrahedron Letters 1967, 837
Fichter, F., Christen, A.: Helv. Chim. Acta 8, 332 (1925)
Bobitt, J.M., Stock, J.T., Marchand, A., Weisgraber, K.H.: Chem. Ind. (London) 1966, 2127
Lebedeva, A.J.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk. SSSR 42, 71 (1944)
Bunge, N.: Chem. Ber. 3, 911 (1870)
-, 3, 295 (1870)
Schall, C., Kraszler, S.: Z. Elektrochem. 5, 225 (1899)
Evans, W.V., Braithwaite, D., Field, E.F.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 62, 534 (1940)
Morgat, J.L., Pallaud, R.: Compt. Rend. 260, 5579 (1965)
--, 260, 574 (1965)
Evans, W.V., Braithwaite, D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 61, 898 (1939).-Evans, W.V., Field, E.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 58, 720 (1936); 58, 2284 (1936).-Evans, W.V., Lee, F.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 56, 654 (1934).-Dessy, R.E., Psarras, Th.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5132 (1966)
Schöllkopf, U.: Herstellung und Umwandlung lithiumorganischer Verbindungen, Houben-Weyl, Methoden der organischen Chemie, Bd. 13, p. 3,87, Stuttgart: G. Thieme.-Mallan, J.M., Bebb, R.L.: Chem. Rev. 69, 693 (1969).-Schlosser, M.: Angew. Chem. 76, 124 (1964).-Krause, E., Grosse, A.v.: Die Chemie der metallorganischen Verbindungen, Wiesbaden: 1937, M. Ständig oHG
Beck, F., Guthke, H.: Chem. Ing.-Tech. 41, 943 (1969)
Cooks, R.G., Williams, D.H., Johnston, K.M., Stride, J.D.: J. Chem. Soc. C 1968, 2199.-Johnston, K.M., Stride, J.D.: Chem. Commun. 1966, 325
Neth. App. P 6, 508, 611; see Chem. Abstr. 67, 17392 (1967)
Osa, T., Yildiz, A., Kuwana, T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 3994 (1969)
Wisdom, N.E., Jr.: Extended abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society: New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 338
Fichter, F., Rinderspacher, M.: Helv. Chim. Acta 10, 40 (1927)
-, Herzbein, S.: Helv. Chim. Acta 11, 1264 (1928)
Erdtmann, G.H.: Proc. Roy. Soc. (London) A 143, 191 (1934)
Friend, K.E., Ohnesorge, W.E.: J. Org. Chem. 28, 2435 (1963)
Parker, V.D.: Chem. Commun. 1969, 1131
Ohnesorge, W.E., Stuart, J.D.: Extended abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p. 305
Wawzonek, S., Mc Intyre, T.W.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 1025 (1967)
Bacon, J., Adams, R,N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 6596 (1968)
Cauquis, G., Badoz-Lambling, J., Billon, J.P.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1965, 1433
Galus, Z., White, R.M., Rowland, F.S., Adams, R.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 84, 2065 (1962)
Seo, E.T., Nelson, R.F., Fritsch, J.M., Marcoux, L.S., Leedy, D.W., Adams, R.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 3498 (1966)
Ambrose, J.F., Nelsen, R.F.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 115, 1159 (1968)
Fichter, F., Ackermann, F.: Helv. Chim. Acta 2, 583 (1919)
German Pat. 85, 390 (1895), C. I. 1248 (1896)
Schäfer, H., Steckhan, E.: Tetrahedron Letters, 3835 (1970)
Zhurinov, M.Zh., Fioshin, M.Y., Mirkind, L.A.: Elektrokhymyia 1969, 1257
Fritsch, J.M., Weingarten, H.: J.Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 793 (1968); 92, 4038 (1970)
Jugelt, W., Pragst, F.: Angew. Chem. 80, 280 (1968); Tetrahedron 24, 5123 (1968)
Baizer, M.M., Petrovich, J.P.: In: Progress in Physical Organic Chemistry, Vol. 7, p. 189; ed. by Streitwieser, A., Jr., Taft, R.W.
Sekine, T., Yamura, A., Sugino, K.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 112, 439 (1965)
Tomilov, A.P., Kryeukova, E.V., Klimov, V.A., Brage, I.N.: Soviet Electrochem. 3, 1352 (1967)
Aral, T.: Denki Kagaku 30, 31 (1962); Chem. Abstr. 62, 15760c (1965)
-, Denk: Aagaku 30, 175 (1962); Chem. Abstr. 62, 15760g (1965)
-, Denki Kagaku 30, 235 (1963); Chem. Abstr. 62, 15761a (1965)
Tomilov, A.P., Kalitina, M.I.: Zh. Prikl. Khim. 38, 1574 (1965); Chem. Abstr. 63, 11343e (1965)
Fioshin, M.Y., Avrutskaya, I.A., Gerasimova, L.E., Kabnova, S.D.: Chem. Abstr. 71, 30158 (1969); Khim. Pharm. Zh. 3, 19
Allen, M.J.: J. Org. Chem. 15, 435 (1950)
-, Corvin, A.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 114 (1952)
Leonard, N.J., Swann, S. Jr., Fuller, G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75, 5127 (1953)
Allen, M.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 72, 3797 (1950)
Albert, W.C., Lowy, A.: Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 75, 367 (1939)
Allen, M.J., Fearn, J.F., Levine, H.A.: J. Chem. Soc. 1952, 2220
Pasternak, R.: Helv. Chim. Acta 31, 753 (1948)
Juday, R.E.: Symposium on the Synthetic and Mechanistic aspects of Organic Electrochemistry, U.S. Army Research Office, Durham, N.C., U.S.A., October 14–16, 1968, pp. 211
Stocker, J.H., Jenevein, R.M.: J. Org. Chem. 33, 294 (1968); 33, 2145 (1968)
Curphy, T.J., Amelotti, W., Layloff, T.P., McCartney, R.L., Williams, J.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 2817 (1969)
Curphey, T.J., Amelotti, C.W., Layloff, T.P., McCartney, R.L., Williams, J.H.: Extended abstracts, Meeting of the Electrochemical Society, New York, May 4–9, 1969, p 344
Horner, L., Skaleta, D.H.: Tetrahedron Letters 1970, 1103
Pearl, I.A.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 4260 (1952)
Allen, M.J., Cohen, H.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 106, 451 (1959)
Gouwley, R.N., Grimshaw, J.: J. Chem.-Soc. C 1968, 2388
Wiemann, J.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1964, 2545
-, Bouguerra, M.L.: Ann. Chim. (Paris) 3, 215 (1967)
Simonet, J.: Compt. Rend. Ser. C 267, 1548 (1968)
Wiemann, J., Bouguerra, M.L.: Ann. Chim. (Paris) 2, 35 (1967)
Touboul, E., Weisbuch, F., Wiemann, J.: Compt. Rend. Ser. C 268, 1170 (1969)
Ivcher, T.S., Zilberman, E.N., Perepletchikova, E.: Chem. Abstr. 70, 111 113d (1969)
Mazzenga, A., Lomnitz, D., Villegas, J., Polowczyk, C.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 1665
Bowers, K.W., Giese, R.W., Grimshaw, J., House, H.O., Kolodny, N.H., Kronberger, K., Roc, D.K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 92, 2783 (1970)
Baizer, M.M., Anderson, J.D.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 223 (1964)
-, Petrovich, J.P.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 1023 (1967)
Bouguerra, M.L., Wiemann, J.: Compt. Rend. Ser. C 263, 782 (1966)
Baizer, M., Ort, M.R.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 1646 (1966)
-, Anderson, J.D., Wagenknecht, J.H., Ort, M.R., Petrovich, J.P.: Electrochim. Acta 12, 1377 (1967)
-, J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 215 (1964)
U.S. Pat. 3,193,480/81 (1961) Fa. Monsanto; see Prescott, J.H.: Chem. Eng. 72, 238 (1965)
Frz. Pat. 1,548,304, Chem. Abstr. 71, 80743y; Frz. Pat. 1491516, Chem. Abstr. 69, 7875x (1968); Frz. Pat. 1,503,244, Chem. Abstr. 69, 76685x (1968); Brit. Pat. 1,117,677, Chem. Abstr. 69, 43, 483b (1968); see also: Beck, F.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 153 (1970)
Belg. Pat. 695 154 (UCB, 1966); Matsuda, F.: Tetrahedron Letters 1966, 6193
Baizer, M.M., Anderson, J.D.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 226 (1964)
Anderson, J.D., Baizer, M.M., Prill, E.J.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 1645 (1965)
Baizer, M.M.: U.S. Pat. 3,249,521, Chem. Abstr. 65, 7217g (1966)
-, Anderson, J.D.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 1348 (1965)
Brand, K., Krücke-Amelung, D.: Chem. Ber. 72, 1029 (1939)
Anderson, J.D., Petrovich, J.P., Baizer, M.M.: Advan. Org. Chem., Interscience 1969, Vol. 6, p. 257
Anderson, J.D., Baizer, M.M., Petrovich, J.P.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 3890 (1966).-Anderson, J.D., Baizer, M.M.: Tetrahedron Letters 1966, 511.-Pat. Monsanto BP 1,127,368; Chem. Abstr. 70, 37839b (1969)
McClemens, D.J., Garrison, A.K., Underwood, A.L.: J. Org. Chem. 34, 1867 (1969)
Brand, K., Krücke-Amelung, D.: Chem. Ber. 72, 1029 (1939)
Jones, G.C., Ledford, T.H.: Tetrahedron Letters 1967, 615
Baizer, M.M.: Tetrahedron Letters 1963, 973
Beck, F.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 37, 607 (1965)
Tomilov, A.P., Fecktistov, L.G.: Soviet Electrochem. 1, 1165 (1965)
Gillet, J.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1968, 2919
Asahara, T., Seno, M., Arai, T.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 42, 1316 (1969)
Lazarov, S., Trifunov, A., Vitanov, T.: Z. Physik. Chem. (Leipzig) 226, 221 (1964)
Figeys, M.: Tetrahedron Letters 1967, 2237
Petrovich, J.P., Baizer, M.M., Ort, M.R.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 116, 743 (1969)
-, J. Electrochem. Soc. 116, 749 (1969)
-, Anderson, J.D., Baizer, M.M.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 3897 (1966)
Levine, H.A., Allen, M.J.: J. Chem. Soc. 1952, 254
Allen, M.J., Siragusa, J.A., Pierson, W.: J. Chem. Soc. 1960, 1045
Sugino, K., Nonaka, T.: Electrochim. Acta 13, 613 (1968).-Sugino, K.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 112, 1241 (1965)
Klynev, B.L., Tomilov, A.P.: Zh. Obshch. Khim. 39, 470 (1969); Chem. Abstr. 70, 120479 (1969)
Brown, O.R., Lister, K.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 106 (1968)
Pallaud, R., Nicolas, M.: Compt. Rend. Ser. C 267, 1834 (1968)
Wagenknecht, J.H., Baizer, M.M.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 3885 (1966)
Sugino, K., Nonacka, T.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 116, 615 (1969).-Ferles, M., Vanka, M., Silhankovic, A.: Collection Czech. Chem. Commun. 1969, 2108
Baizer, M.M.: J. Org. Chem. 29, 1670 (1964).-Baizer, M.M.: U.S. Pat. 3,193,476 Chem. Abstr. 63, 13092b (1964)
-,: J. Org. Chem. 31, 3847 (1966); U.S. Pat. 3,440,154, Chem. Abstr. 71, 70351e (1969)
-: U.S. Pat. 3,438,877, Chem. Abstr. 71, 49534 (1969)
-, Anderson, J.D.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 1351 (1965)
Miller, L.L., Hoffmann, A.K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 593 (1967)
-, Kaufmann, D.A., Kujawa, E.P.: The Electrochemical Society, Spring Meeting 1969, New York, Extended abstracts No. 131, p. 314
O'Donnell, J.F., Mann, Ch.K.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 13, 157 (1967)
Mizuno, S.: J. Electrochem. Soc. Japan 29, 27, 31, 33, 112 (1961); Chem. Abstr. 62, 15761b (1965)
-,: Denki Kagaku 29, 106 (1961); Chem. Abstr. 62, 3667b (1965)
Barnes, K.K., Mann, Ch.K.: J. Org. Chem. 32, 1474 (1967)
Smith, P.J., Mann, Ch.K.: J. Org. Chem. 34, 1821 (1969)
Cottrell, P.T., Mann, Ch.K.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 116, 1499 (1969)
Parker, V.D.: Chem. Commun. 1969, 610
Kemula, W., Grabowski, Z.R., Kalinowski, M.K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 6863 (1969).-Michielli, R.F., Elving, Ph.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 6864 (1969)
Maruyama, K., Murakami, K.: Bull. Chem. Soc. Japan 1968, 41, 1401
Oyama, M., Ohno, M.: Tetrahedron Letters 1966, 5201
Elving, Ph.J.: Record Chem. Progr. (Kresge-Hooker Sci.Lib.) 14, 99 (1953)
Hush, N.S., Segal, G.A.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 23 (1968).-Zhdanov, S.I.: Electrochim. Acta 10, 657 (1965)
Calvert, J.G., Pitts, J.N. Jr.: Photochemistry, p. 522. New York, J. Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1966
Sease, J.W., Chang, P., Groth, J.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 3154 (1964)
Rosenthal, I., Albright, C.A., Elving, Ph.J.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 99, 227 (1952).-Elving, Ph.J., Markowitz, J.M.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 101, 195 (1954)
Streitwieser, A. Jr., Perrin, Ch.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 4938 (1964)
Applequist, D.E., Kaplan, L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 2194 (1965)
Sease, J.W., Reed, R.C.: The Electrochemical Society, Spring Meeting 1969, New York, Extended abstract No. 134, p. 328
Lambert, F.L.: J. Org. Chem. 31, 4184 (1966)
-, Albert, A.H., Hardy, J.P.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 3155 (1964)
Krupcicka, J., Zavadand, J., Sicher, J.: Collection Czech. Chem. Commun. 30, 3570, (1965).-Zuman, P.: Talanta 12, 1337 (1965)
Feoktistov, L.G., Zhdanov, S.I.: Electrochim. Acta 10, 657 (1965).-Tomilov, A.P., Smirnov, Y.D., Goldin, M.M.: Sov. Electrochem. 1, 791 (1965); Chem. Abstr. 63, 16196e (1965).-Tomilov, A.P., Smirnov, Y.D., Varshavskii, S.L.: J. Gen. Chem. USSR 35, 390 (1965).-Tomilov, A.P.: J. Chem. Gen. USSR 38, 218 (1968)
Kaabak, L.V., Tomilov, A.P., Vars, S.L., Kabachnik, I.: J. Org. Chem. USSR 3, 1 (1967)
Plump, R.E., Hammett, L.P.: Trans. Electrochem. Soc. 73, 523 (1938)
Lawless, J.G., Bartak, D.E., Hawley, M.D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 7121 (1969)
Grimshaw, J., Ramsey, J.S.: J. Chem. Soc. B 1968, 60
Rogers, L.B., Diefenderfer, A.N.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 114, 942 (1967)
Eberson, L.: Acta Chem. Scand. 22, 3045 (1968)
Azoo, J.A., Coll, F.J., Grimshaw, J.: J. Chem. Soc C 1969, 2521
Mann, C.K., Webb, J.L., Walborsky, H.M.: Tetrahedron Letters 1966, 2249
Elving, Ph.J., Rosenthal, I., Hayes, J.R., Martin, H.J.: Anal. Chem. 33, 330 (1961)
Miller, L.L., Riekena, E.: J. Org. Chem. 34, 3359 (1969)
Annino, R., Erickson, R.E., Michalovic, J., McKay, B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 4424 (1966)
Czochralska, B.: Chem. Phys. Letters 1, 239 (1967)
Fry, A.J., Mitnick, M., Reed, R.G.: J. Org. Chem. 35, 1232 (1970)
Nagao, M., Sato, N., Akashi, T., Yoshida, T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 3448 (1966)
Stocker, J.H., Jenevein, R.M.: Chem. Commun. 1968, 934
Carrahar, P., Drakesmith, F.G.: Chem. Commun. 1968, 1562
Coleman, J.P., Gilde, H.G., Utley, J.H.P., Weedon, B.C.L.: Chem. Commun. 1970, 738
Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 13, 192 (1959)
Horner, L., Röder, H.: Chem. Ber. 101, 4197 (1968)
Wrobel, J.T., Bien, A.S., Pazdro, K.M.: Chem. Ind. (London) 1966, 1760.-Wrobel, J.T., Krawczyk, A.R.: Chem. Ind. (London) 1969, 656
Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C., Ross, S.D.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81, 2361 (1959)
Ross, S.D., Finkelstein, M., Petersen, R.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 1582 (1960)
Dubois, J.E., Monvernay, A., Lacaze, P.C.: Electrochim. Acta 15, 315 (1970)
Horner, L., Mentrup, A.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 646, 49 (1961)
-,-,: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 646, 65 (1961)
-, Winkler, H., Rapp, A., Mentrup, A., Hoffmann, H., Beck, P.: Tetrahedron Letters 1961, 161
Bestmann, H., Vilsmaier, E., Graf, G.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 704, 109 (1967)
Horner, L., Röttger, F., Fuchs, H.: Chem. Ber. 96, 3141 (1963).-Horner, L., Haufe, J.: Chem. Ber. 101, 2903 (1968)
-, Fuchs, H.: Tetrahedron Letters 1962, 203
-, Neumann, H.: Chem. Ber. 98, 3462 (1965)
-, Singer, R.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 723, 1 (1969
Pat. Neth. Appl. 6, 602, 261; Chem. Abstr. 66, 38237 (1967)
Horner, L., Singer, R.: Chem. Ber. 101, 3329 (1968)
Yousefazedeh, P., Mann, C.K.: J. Org. Chem. 33, 2716 (1968)
Horner, L., Neumann, H.: Chem. Ber. 98, 1715 (1965)
Ives, D.A.J.: Can. J. Chem. 47, 3697 (1969)
Lund, H.: Acta Chem. Scand. 14, 1927 (1960)
Leonard, N.J., Swann, S., Jr., Figueras, J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 4620 (1952)
-,-, Mottus, E.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 74, 6251 (1952)
Lamm, B., Samuelson, B.: Acta Chem. Scand. 23, 691 (1969)
Wawzonek, S., Fredrickson, J.D.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 106, 325 (1959)
Arapakos, P.G., Scott, M.K.: Tetrahedron Letters 1968, 1975
Hoffmann, A.K., Hodgson, W.G., Maricle, D.L., Jura, W.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 631 (1964)
Pysh, E.S., Yang, N.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 2124 (1963)
Loveland, J.W., Dimeler, G.R.: Anal. Chem. 33, 1196 (1961)
Neikam, W.C., Dimeler, G.R., Desmond, M.M.: J. Electrochem. Soc. 111, 1190 (1964)
Neikam, W.C., Desmond, M.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 4811 (1964)
Steitwieser, A., Jr.: Molecular orbital theory for Organic Chemists. New York: J.Wiley & Sons, 1961
Heilbronner, E., Bock, H.: Das HMO Modell und seine Anwendung, I. Weinheim: Verlag Chemie, 1968
Phelps, J., Santhanam, K.S.V., Bard, A.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 1752 (1967)
Marcoux, L.S., Fritsch, J.M., Adams, R.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 5766 (1967)
Peover, M.E., White, B.S.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 13, 93 (1967)
Fleischmann, M., Pletcher, D.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 25, 449 (1970)
Billon, J.P. Cauquis, G., Raison, J., Thibaud, Y.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1967, 199
Tonnard, F.: Compt. Rend. 260, 2793 (1965)
Cauquis, G., Genies, M., Lemaire, H., Rassat, A., Ravet, J.P.: J. Chem. Phys. 47, 4642 (1967)
Zweig, A., Hodgson, W.G., Jura, W.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 4124 (1964)
-, Maurer, A.H., Roberts, B.G.: J. Org. Chem. 32, 1322 (1967)
-, Hoffmann, A.K.: J. Org. Chem. 30, 3997 (1965)
-, Hodgson, W.G., Jura, W.H., Maricle, D.L.: Tetrahedron Letters 1963, 1821
Nelson, R.F., Adams, R.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 3925 (1968)
Cauquis, G., Genies, M.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1967, 3220
Adams, R.N., Piette, L.H., Ludwig, P.: Anal. Chem. 34, 916 (1962)
Melchior, M.T., Maki, A.H.: J. Chem. Phys. 34, 471 (1961)
Smejtek, P., Honzl, J., Metalova, V.: Collection Czech. Chem. Commun. 30, 3875 (1965)
Nelson, R.F., Leedy, D.W., Seo, E.T., Adams, R.N.: Z. Anal. Chem. 224, 185 (1967)
Zweig, A., Metzler, G., Maurer, A.H., Roberts, B.G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 4091 (1967)
Billon, J.P., Cauquis, G., Coubrisson, J.: J. Chim. Phys. 61, 374 (1964) and earlier papers
Hünig, S., Schlaf, H., Kie\lich, G., Scheutzow, D.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 2271
Hercules, D.M.: Accounts Chem. Res. 2, 301 (1969)
Kuwana, Th.: Advan. Electroanal. Chem. Vol. 1,p.197; Bard, A.J., ed. M. Dekker 1966
Zweig, A., Metzler, G., Maurer, A., Roberts, B.G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 2864 (1966)
Hercules, D.M.: Science 145, 808 (1964).-Hercules, D.M., Lansbury, R.C., Roe, D.K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 4578 (1966)
Visco, R.E., Chandross, E.A.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 5350 (1964)
Cruser, S.A., Bard, A.J.: J. Am. Chcm. Soc. 91, 267 (1969).-Malby, J.T., Prater, K.B., Bard, A.J.: J. Phys. Chem. 72, 4348 (1968)
Faulkner, L.R., Bard, A.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 209 (1969)
Visco, R.E., Chandros, E.A.: Electrochim. Acta 13, 1187 (1968)
Chang, J., Hercules, D.M., Roe, D.K.: Electrochim. Acta 13, 1197 (1968)
Zweig, A., Maricle, D.L., Brinen, J.S., Maurer, A.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 89, 473 (1967)
Vodzinski, V.J., Vasileva, A.A., Atakumov, G., Korshunov, J.A.: Elektrokhimiya 1968, 1492; Chem. Abstr. 70, 73531 d (1969)
Steuber, F.W., Dimroth, K.: Chem. Ber. 99, 258 (1966)
Tomilov, A.P., Smirnov, Y.D., Videiko, A.F.: Elektrochimiya 2, 603 (1966); Chem. Abstr. 65, 3343 c (1966)
Kuwata, K., Geske, D.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 86, 2101 (1964)
Mc Clelland, B.J.: Chem. Rev. 64, 301 (1964).-Kaiser, E.T.: Radical Ions. New York: Interscience 1968.
Kastening, B.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 190 (1970)
Wawzonek, S., Laitinen, H.A.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 64, 2365 (1942).-Hoijtink, G.J., Schooten, J.v.: Rec. Trav. Chim. 72, 691, 903 (1953).-Bergmann, I.: Trans. Faraday Soc. 52, 690 (1956)
Pryor, W.A.: Free Radicals, p. 242: W.A. Benjamin 1966
Cauquis, G.: Bull. Soc. Chim. France 1968, 1618
Hoijtink, G.L: Rec. Trav. Chim. 73, 819 (1954)
Dohrmann, J.K., Vetter, K.J.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 20, 23 (1969)
Dietz, R., Peover, M.E.: Discussions Faraday Soc. 45, 154 (1968).-Dietz, R., Peover, M.E.: Trans. Faraday Soc. 62, 3535 (1966)
Szwarc, M.: Accounts Chem. Res. 2, 87 (1969)
-, Asami, R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 84, 2269 (1964)
Hoijtink, G.J.: Rec. Trav. Chim. 76, 869 (1957)
Umemoto, K.: Bull. Soc. Chem. Japan 40, 1058 (1967)
Santhanam, K.S.V., Bard, A.J.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 2669 (1966)
Allendoerfer, R.D., Rieger, Ph.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 87, 2336 (1965)
Katz, T.J., Talcott, C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 4732 (1966)
Tolle, W.M., Moore, D.W.: J. Chem. Phys. 46, 2102 (1967)
Levy, D.H., Myers, R.J.: J. Chem. Phys. 44, 4177 (1966)
Geske, D.H., Balch, A.L.: J. Phys. Chem. 68, 3423 (1964)
Dehl, R., Fraenkel, G.K.: J. Chem. Phys. 39, 1793 (1963)
Johnson, C.S., Chang, R.J.: J. Chem. Phys. 43, 3183 (1965)
Bauld, N.L., Stevensson, G.R.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 3675 (1969)
Geske, D.H., Maki, A.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 2671 (1960)
Maki, A.H., Geske, D.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 1852 (1961)
Harriman, J.E., Maki, H.: J. Chem. Phys. 39, 778 (1963)
Kazakova, V.M., Makarov, I.G., Kurek, M.E., Cernyshey, E.A.: Zh. Strukt. Khim. 9, 525 (1968); Chem. Abstr. 69, 105703 j (1968)
Allendoerfer, R.D., Rieger, Ph.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 3711 (1966)
Chambers, R.Q., III, Adams, R.N.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 9, 400 (1965)
Kemula, W., Sioda, R.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 7, 233 (1964)
Greig, W.N., Rogers, J.W.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 5495 (1969)
Piette, L.H., Ludwig, P., Adams, R.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 84, 4212 (1962).-Sayo, H., Masui, M.: Tetrahedron 24, 5075 (1968)
Rieger, Ph.H., Bernal, I., Reinmuth, W.H., Fraenkel, G.K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85, 683 (1963)
-,-, Fraenkel, G.K.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 3918 (1961)
Dessy, R.E., Kleiner, M., Cohen, S.C.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 6800 (1969)
Horner, L., Singer, R.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 1545
Brodsky, A.E., Gordienko, L.L., Degtiarev, L.S.: Electrochim. Acta 13, 1095 (1968)
Schwarz, W.M., Kosower, M., Shain, I.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 83, 3164 (1961)
Volz, H., Lotsch, W.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 2275
Kothe, G., Sümmermann, W., Baumgärtel, H., Zimmermann, H.: Tetrahedron Letters 1969, 2186
James, M.I., Plesch, P.H.: Chem. Commun. 1967, 508
Hausser, K.H., Häbich, A., Franzen, V.: Z. Naturforsch. 16 A, 836 (1961)
Funt, L., Gray, D.G.: The Electrochemical Society, Spring Meeting 1969, New York, Abstr. 135, p. 330
Balch, A.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 91, 1948 (1969) and earlier papers.-Olson, D.C., Mayweg, V.P., Schrauzer, J.N.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 4876 (1966)
Marlett, E.M.: Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 125, 12 (1965)
Chambers, J.Q., Norman, A.D., Bickell, M.R., Cadle, S.H.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 90, 6056 (1968).-Wiersema, R.J., Middaugh, R.L.: Inorg. Chem. 8, 2074 (1969)
Dessy, R.E., Charkoudian, J.C., Abeles, T.P., Rheingold, A.L.: submitted to publication in J. Am. Chem. Soc.
Ziegler, K., Steudel, O.W.: Liebigs Ann. Chem. 652, 1 (1962)
-, Lehmkuhl, H.: Angew. Chem. 67, 424 (1955)
-,-: Germ. Pat. 1, 161, 562 (1964); Chem. Abstr. 60, 11623 (1964)
-: Belg. Pat. 617, 628 (1962); Chem. Abstr. 60, 3008 (1964)
US Pat. 3256 161, 3 380 899 (NALCO Chem. CO), see Beck, F.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 42, 153 (1970)
Lehmkuhl, H., Schäfer, R. Ziegler, K.: Chem.-Ing.-Tech. 36, 612 (1964)
Chadwick, J.R., Kinsella, E.: J. Organometal. Chem. 4, 334 (1965)
Mottus, E.H., Ort, M.R.: The Electrochemical Society, Spring Meeting New York, 1969, Extended abstract Nr. 132, p. 316
Perruzo, V., Plazzogna, G., Tagliavini, G.: J. Organometal. Chem. 18, 89 (1969)
McKeever, L.D., Waack, R.: J. Organometal. Chem. 17, 142 (1969)
Dessy, R.E., Kitching, W., Chivers, T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 453 (1966)
-,-, Psarras, Th., Salinger, R., Chen, A., Chivers, T.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 460 (1966)
-, Chivers, T., Kitching, W.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 467 (1966)
-, Stary, F.E., King, R.B., Waldrop, M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 471 (1966)
-, King, R.B., Waldrop, M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5113 (1966)
-, Weissmann, P.M., Pohl, R.L.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5117 (1966)
-, Pohl, R.L., King, R.B.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5121 (1966)
-, Weissmann, P.M.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5124 (1966)
-,-: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5129 (1966)
Psarras, Th., Dessy, R.E.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 88, 5132 (1966)
Fleet, B., Jee, R.D.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 25, 397 (1970)
Tsutsumi, S., Yosahida, K.: J. Org. Chem. Soc. 32, 468 (1967)
Breitenbach, J.W., Srna, C.: Pure Appl. Chem. 4, 245 (1962)
Friedlander, H.Z.: Encykl. Polymer Sci. Technol. 5, 629 (1966)
Funt, B.L.: Macromol. Rev. 1, 35 (1967).-Yamazaki, N.: Fortschr. Hochpolymerenforsch. 6, 337 (1969)
Shapoval, G.S., Skobets, E.M., Markova, N.P.: Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 173 (2), 392 (1967); through Chem. Abstr. 67, 11894 (1967)
Yamazaki, N., Nakahama, S., Kambara, S.: J. Polymer. Sci. B 3, 57 (1965)
Smith, W.B., Gilde, H.-G.: J. Am. Chem. Soc. 82, 659 (1960)
Bockris, J.O.M.: J. Electroanal. Chem. 9, 408 (1965)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1971 Springer-Verlag
About this paper
Cite this paper
Eberson, L., Schäfer, H. (1971). Organic electrochemistry. In: Organic Electrochemistry. Fortschritte der Chemischen Forschung, vol 21/1. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0050929
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0050929
Received:
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-05463-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-36652-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive