Skip to main content

Regulation of noradrenaline release by presynaptic receptor systems

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology

Part of the book series: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology ((REVIEWS,volume 77))

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Abbreviations

ATP:

adenosine triphosphate

COMT:

catechol-O-methyltransferase

cyclic AMP:

cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate

cyclic GMP:

cyclic guanosine 3′,5′-monophosphate

DMPP:

1, I-dimethyl-4-phenylpiperazinium iodide

DOPEG:

3,4-dihydroxy-phenylglycol

e.j.p.:

excitatory junction potential

MAO:

monoamine oxidase

PGA2, PGB2, PGE1, PGE2, PGF, PGF :

The respective prostaglandins

References

  • Abdel-Aziz, A.: Blockade by prostaglandins E2 and F of the response of the rabbit ileum to stimulation of sympathetic nerve and its reversal by some antihistamines, dexamphetamine and methylphenidate. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 25, 226–230 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Åblad, B., Ek, L., Johansson, B., Waldeck, B.: Inhibitory effect of propranolol on the vasoconstrictor response to sympathetic nerve stimulation. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 22, 627–628 (1970)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ackerly, J., Blumberg, A., Peach, M.: Angiotensin interactions with myocardial sympathetic neurons: Enhanced release of dopamine-β-hydroxylase during nerve stimulation. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 151, 650–653 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Adler-Graschinsky, E., Langer, S.Z.: Possible role of a β-adrenoceptor in the regulation of noradrenaline release by nerve stimulation through a positive feed-back mechanism. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 53, 43–50 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, G.S., Glover, A.B., McCulloch, M.W., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Modulation by acetylcholine of adrenergic transmission in the rabbit ear artery. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 54, 49–53 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, G.S., Glover, A.B., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Effects of acetylcholine on vasoconstriction and release of 3H-noradrenaline in response to sympathetic nerve stimulation in the isolated artery of the rabbit ear. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 527–528P (1972a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Allen, G.S., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Effects of McN-A-343 and DMPP on the uptake and release of 3H-noradrenaline by guinea-pig atria. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 45, 480–489 (1972b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, G.S., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Comparison of effects of six cholinomimetic drugs on inhibition of uptake of 3H-(±)-noradrenaline by guinea-pig atria. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 47, 179–180 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Allen, G.S., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Effects of the muscarinic agonist McN-A-343 on the release by sympathetic nerve stimulation of (3H)-noradrenaline from rabbit isolated ear arteries and guinea-pig atria. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 51, 29–34 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ambache, N., Dunk, L.P., Verney, J., Zar, M.A.: Inhibition of post-ganglionic motor transmission in the vas deferens by indirectly acting sympathomimetic drugs. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 227, 433–456 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ambache, N., Killick, S.W., Srinivasan, V., Zar, M.A.: Effects of lysergic acid diethylamide on autonomic post-ganglionic transmission. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 246, 571–593 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ambache, N., Zar, M.A.: Evidence against adrenergic motor transmission in the guinea-pig vas deferens. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 216, 359–389 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Andén, N.E., Corrodi, H., Fuxe, K., Hökfelt, B., Hökfelt, T., Rydin, C., Svensson, T.: Evidence for a central noradrenaline receptor stimulation by clonidine. Life Sci. 9, I, 513–523 (1970)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Andén, N.E., Grabowska, M., Strömbom, U.: Different alpha-adrenoceptors in the central nervous system mediating biochemical and functional effects of clonidine and receptor blocking agents. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 43–52 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, T.R., Slotkin, T.A.: Effects of morphine on the rat adrenal medulla. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24, 671–679 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, T.R., Slotkin, T.A.: The role of neural input in the effects of morphine on the rat adrenal medulla. Biochem. Pharmacol. 25, 1071–1074 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Antonaccio, M.J., Halley, J., Kerwin, L.: Functional significance of α-stimulation and α-blockade on responses to cardiac nerve stimulation in anesthetized dogs. Life Sci. 15, 765–777 (1974)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Armstrong, J.M., Boura, A.L.A.: Effects of clonidine and guanethidine on peripheral sympathetic nerve function in the pithed rat. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 47, 850–852 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bacq, Z.M., Fredericq, H.: Recherches sur la physiologie et la pharmacologie du système nerveux autonome. XIV. — Modifications apportées par deux dérivés de l'aminométhylbenzodioxane (883F. et 933F.) aux effets de l'adrénaline et de l'excitation sympathique sur la membrane nictitante du chat. Arch. int. Physiol. 40, 454–466 (1935)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baldessarini, R.J.: Release of catecholamines. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Handbook of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 3, pp. 37–137. New York-London: Plenum Press 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Balfour, D.J.K.: Effects of nicotine on the uptake and retention of 14C-noradrenaline and 14C-5-hydroxytryptamine by rat brain homogenates. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 23, 19–26 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Barrett, A.M., Nunn, B.: Adrenergic neuron blocking properties of (±)-propranolol and (+)-propranolol. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 22, 806–810 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Barth, C.: Aktivität der Catechol-ortho-methyltransferase unter Angiotensineinfluß und beim DOCA-Hochdruck der Ratte. Z. klin. Chem. 8, 379–382 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Baum, T., Shropshire, A.T.: Influence of prostaglandins on autonomic responses. Amer. J. Physiol. 221, 1470–1475 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bedwani, J.R., Millar, G.C.: Prostaglandin release from cat and dog spleen. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 54, 499–505 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Beleslin, D., Polak, R.L.: Depression by morphine and chloralose of acetylcholine release from the cat's brain. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 177, 411–419 (1965)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, C.: Differential effects of tetrodotoxin on sympathomimetic actions of nicotine and tyramine. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 32, 96–103 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, C.: Mechanism of enhancement by angiotensin II of sympathetic adrenergic transmission in the guinea pig. Circulat. Res. 31, 348–355 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, C.: Release of endogenous noradrenaline from an isolated elastic artery. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 236, 473–482 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, C., Conway, E.L., Lang, W.J., Padanyi, R.: Vascular dopamine receptors in the canine hindlimb. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 167–172 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, C., Vogt, M.: Release of endogenous noradrenaline from an isolated muscular artery. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 215, 509–520 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bell, K.M., Rees, J.M.H.: The depressant action of morphine on transmission at a skeletal neuromuscular junction is non-specific. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 686–691 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Benelli, G., Bella, D.D., Gandini, A.: Angiotensin and peripheral sympathetic nerve activity. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 22, 211–219 (1964)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M.R.: An electrophysiological analysis of the storage and release of noradrenaline at sympathetic nerve terminals. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 229, 515–531 (1973a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M.R.: An electrophysiological analysis of the uptake of noradrenaline at sympathetic nerve terminals. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 229, 533–546 (1973b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M.R., Florin, T.: An electrophysiological analysis of the effect of Ca ions on neuromuscular transmission in the mouse vas deferens. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 97–104 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M.R., Middleton, J.: An electrophysiological analysis of the effects of reserpine on adrenergic neuromuscular transmission. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 79–85 (1975a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M.R., Middleton, J.: An electrophysiological analysis of the effects of amine-uptake blockers and β-adrenoceptor blockers on adrenergic neuromuscular transmission. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 87–95 (1975b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bentley, G.A., Li, D.M.F.: Studies of the new hypotensive drug ST 155. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 4, 124–134 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bergström, S., Farnebo, L.O., Fuxe, K.: Effect of prostaglandin E2 on central and peripheral catecholamine neurons. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 21, 362–368 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Berkowitz, B.A., Spector, S.: Effect of caffeine and theophylline on peripheral catecholamines. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 13, 193–196 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bevan, J.A., Haeusler, G.: Electrical events associated with the action of nicotine at the adrenergic nerve terminal. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 218, 84–95 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bevan, J.A., Su, C.: Distribution theory of resistance of neurogenic vasoconstriction to alpha-receptor blockade in the rabbit. Circulat. Res. 28, 179–187 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bevan, J.A., Su, C.: Uptake of nicotine by the sympathetic nerve terminals in the blood vessel. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 182, 419–426 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bevan, R.D., Purdy, R.E., Su, C., Bevan, J.A.: Evidence for an increase in adrenergic nerve function in blood vessels from experimental hypertensive rabbits. Circulat. Res. 37, 503–508 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Bhagat, B., Dhalla, N.S., Ginn, D., Montagne, A.E., Montier, A.D.: Modification by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) of the response of guinea-pig isolated vasa deferentia and atria to adrenergic stimuli. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 44, 689–698 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bhagat, B., Robinson, I.M., West, W.L.: Mechanism of sympathomimetic responses of isolated guinea-pig atria to nicotine and dimethylphenylpiperazinium iodide. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 30, 470–477 (1967)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blakeley, A.G.H., Brown, L., Dearnaley, D.P., Woods, R.I.: Perfusion of the spleen with blood containing prostaglandin E1: transmitter liberation and uptake. Proc. roy. Soc. B 174, 281–292 (1969a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blakeley, A.G.H., Brown, G.L., Ferry, C.B.: Pharmacological experiments on the release of the sympathetic transmitter. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 167, 505–514 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blakeley, A.G.H., Brown, L., Geffen, L.B.: Uptake and re-use of sympathetic transmitter in the cat's spleen. Proc. roy. Soc. B 174, 51–68 (1969b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blakeley, A.G.H., Powis, G., Summers, R.J.: Uptake of (L)-noradrenaline in the isolated cat heart perfused with blood containing desmethylimiprarnine (DMI) and 17-β-oestradiol (17βO). J. Physiol. (Lond.) 234, 108–109P (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Blakeley, A.G.H., Powis, G., Summers, R.J.: An uptake mechanism for L-noradrenaline in the cat spleen, associated with the nerves but distinct from uptake1 J. Physiol. (Lond.) 238, 193–206 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Blaustein, M.P., Johnson, E.M., Needleman, P.: Calcium-dependent norepinephrine release from presynaptic nerve endings in vitro. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 69, 2237–2240 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bloom, F.E.: Amine receptors in CNS. I. Norepinephrine. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Handbook of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 6, pp. 1–22. New York-London: Plenum Press 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Blosser, J.C., Catravas, G.N.: Action of reserpine in morphine-tolerant rats: Absence of an antagonism of catecholamine depletion. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 191, 284–289 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg, A.L., Ackerly, J.A., Peach, M.J.: Differentiation of neurogenic and myocardial angiotensin II receptors in isolated rabbit atria. Circulat. Res. 36, 719–726 (1975a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Blumberg, A., Brooker, G., Peach, M., Westfall, T.C.: Angiotensin interactions with myocardial sympathetic neurons: Increased release of dopamine-β-hydroxylase and elevated atrial cyclic AMP concentrations. Fed. Proc. 34, 770 Abs (1975b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Boadle, M.C., Hughes, J., Roth, R.H.: Angiotensin accelerates catecholamine biosynthesis in sympathetically innervated tissues. Nature (Lond.) 222, 987–988 (1969)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boadle-Biber, M.C., Hughes, J., Roth, R.H.: Acceleration of catecholamine biosynthesis in sympathetically innervated tissues by angiotensin-II-amide. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 289–299 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bogaievsky, D., Bogaievsky, Y., Tsoucaris-Kupfer, D., Schmitt, H.: Blockade of the central hypotensive effect of clonidine by α-adrenoreceptor antagonists in rats, rabbits and dogs. Clin. exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 1, 527–534 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boissier, J.R., Giudicelli, J.F., Fichelle, J., Schmitt, H., Schmitt, H.: Cardiovascular effects of 2-(2, 6-dichlorophenylamino)-2-imidazoline hydrochloride (ST 155). Europ. J. Pharmacol. 2, 333–339 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bolme, P., Corrodi, H., Fuxe, K., Hökfelt, T., Lidbrink, P., Goldstein, M.: Possible involvement of central adrenaline neurons in vasomotor and respiratory control. Studies with clonidine and its interactions with piperoxane and yohimbine. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 28, 89–94 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Boonyaviroj, P., Gutman, Y.: α-Adrenergic stimulants, prostaglandins and catecholamine release from the adrenal gland in vitro. Prostaglandins 10, 109–116 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Borowski, E., Ehrl, H., Starke, K.: Relative pre-and postsynaptic potencies of α-adrenolytic drugs. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 293, R2 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolting, J.H., Salzmann, R.: The effect of indomethacin on the release of prostaglandin E2 and acetylcholine from guinea-pig isolated ileum at rest and during field stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 50, 119–124 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Boullin, D.J., Costa, E., Brodie, B.B.: Evidence that blockade of adrenergic receptors causes overflow of norepinephrine in cat's colon after nerve stimulation. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 157, 125–134 (1967)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Boykin, M.E., Martin, R.H.: Preliminary observations on the uptake of catecholamines in synaptosomes of opiate-treated animals. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 25, 484–485 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Braestrup, C., Nielsen, M.: Intra-and extraneuronal formation of the two major noradrenaline metabolites in the cns of rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 27, 413–419 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brandão, F., Guimarães, S.: Inactivation of endogenous noradrenaline released by electrical stimulation in vitro of dog saphenous vein. Blood Vessels 11, 45–54 (1974)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brandon, K.W., Boyd, H.: Release of noradrenaline from the spleen of the cat by acetylcholine. Nature (Lond.) 192, 880–881 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brink, F.G. van den: The model of functional interaction. I. Development and first check of a new model of functional synergism and antagonism. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 22, 270–278 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brody, M.J., Kadowitz, P.J.: Prostaglandins as modulators of the autonomic nervous system. Fed. Proc. 33, 48–60 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L.: The release and fate of the transmitter liberated by adrenergic nerves. Proc. roy. Soc. B 162, 1–19 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L., Davies, B.N., Ferry, C.B.: The effect of neuronal rest on the output of sympathetic transmitter from the spleen. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 159, 365–380 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L., Davies, B.N., Gillespie, J.S.: The release of chemical transmitter from the sympathetic nerves of the intestine of the cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 143, 41–54 (1958)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L., Gillespie, J.S.: Output of sympathin from the spleen. Nature (Lond.) 178, 980 (1956)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, G.L., Gillespie, J.S.: The output of sympathetic transmitter from the spleen of the cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 138, 81–102 (1957)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brücke, F.T.: Über dic Wirkung von Acetylcholin auf dic Pilomotoren. Klin. Wschr. 14, 7–9 (1935)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bryant, B.J., McCulloch, M.W., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Release of 3H-(−)-noradrenaline from guinea-pig hypothalamic slices: effects of adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 53, 454P (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Eülbring, E., Burn, J.H., Elio, F.J. de: The secretion of adrenaline from the perfused suprarenal gland. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 107, 222–232 (1948)

    Google Scholar 

  • Burn, J.H., Gibbons, W.R.: The effect of phenoxybenzamine and of tolazoline on the response to sympathetic stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 22, 527–539 (1964a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burn, J.H., Gibbons, W.R.: The part played by calcium in determining the response to stimulation of sympathetic postganglionic fibres. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 22, 540–548 (1964b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burn, J.H., Ng, K.K.F.: The action of pempidine and antiadrenaline substances at the sympathetic postganglionic termination. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 24, 675–688 (1965)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burn, J.H., Rand, M.J.: Sympathetic postganglionic mechanism. Nature (Lond.) 184, 163–165 (1959)

    Google Scholar 

  • Burnstock, G., Holman, M.E., Kuriyama, H.: Facilitation of transmission from autonomic nerve to smooth muscle of guinea-pig vas deferens. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 172, 31–49 (1964)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cabrera, R., Torrance, R.W., Viveros, H.: The action of acetyl choline and other drugs upon the terminal parts of the postganglionic sympathetic fibre. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 27, 51–63 (1966)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cairnie, A.B., Kosterlitz, H.W., Taylor, D.W.: Effect of morphine on some sympathetically innervated effectors. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 17, 539–551 (1961)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cardenas, H.L., Ross, D.H.: Morphine induced calcium depletion in discrete regions of rat brain. J. Neurochem. 24, 487–493 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, A.: Dopaminergic autoreceptors. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 219–225. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Carlsson, A., Lindqvist, M.: Central and peripheral monoaminergic membrane-pump blockade by some addictive analgesics and antihistamines. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 21, 460–464 (1969)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carmichael, F.J., Israel, Y.: In vitro inhibitory effects of narcotic analgesics and other psychotropic drugs on the active uptake of norepinephrine in mouse brain tissue. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 186, 253–260 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Celsen, B., Kuschinsky, K.: Effects of morphine on kinetics of 14C-dopamine in rat striatal slices. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 284, 159–165 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cervoni, P., Reit, E.: Interaction of angiotensin with exogenous and neurally released norepinephrine on the cat nictitating membrane in vitro. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 193, 1–8 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers, J.P.: Brain amines and models of experimental hypertension. Circulat. Res. 36, 469–480 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chanh, P.H., Junstad, M., Wennmalm, Å.: Augmented noradrenaline release following nerve stimulation after inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis with indomethacin. Acta physiol. scand. 86, 563–567 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chevillard, C., Alexandre, J.: Action, in vitro et in vivo, de l'angiotensine II sur le captage cardiaque de la noradrenaline. Experientia (Basel) 26, 1334–1336 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chevillard, C., Alexandre, J.M.: In vitro effects on cardiac norepinephrine of angiotensin II and of two indirectly acting sympathomimetic amines (amphetamine and tyramine). A study of their combinations. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 19, 223–230 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chevillard, C., Duchène, N., Alexandre, J.M.: Selective release of newly synthesized cardiac norepinephrine induced by angiotensin II. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 15, 8–14 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Chevillard, C., Duchene, N., Alexandre, J.M.: How does angiotensin II increase cardiac dopamine-β-hydroxylation? J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 27, 193–196 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chiba, T., Doba, N.: Catecholaminergic axo-axonic synapses in the nucleus of the tractus solitarius (pars commissuralis) of the cat: Possible relation to presynaptic regulation of baroreceptor reflexes. Brain Res. 102, 255–265 (1976)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Chubb, I.W., Potter, W.P. de, Schaepdryver, A.F. de: Tyramine does not release noradrenaline from splenic nerve by exocytosis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 274, 281–286 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cicero, T.J., Meyer, E.R., Smithloff, B.R.: Alpha adrenergic blocking agents: Antinociceptive activity and enhancement of morphine-induced analgesia. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 189, 72–82 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cicero, T.J., Wilcox, C.E., Smithloff, B.R., Meyer, E.R., Sharpe, L.G.: Effects of morphine, in vitro and in vivo, on tyrosine hydroxylase activity in rat brain. Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 3237–3246 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ciofalo, F.R.: Effects of some narcotics and antagonists on synaptosomal 3H-norepinephrine uptake. Life Sci. 11, I, 573–580 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ciofalo, F.R.: Prostaglandins and synaptosomal transport of 3H-norepinephrine and 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine. Res. Commun, chem. Pathol. Pharmacol. 5, 551–554 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ciofalo, F.R.: Methadone inhibition of 3H-5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by synaptosomes. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 189, 83–89 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clarenbach, P., Raffel, G., Meyer, D., Hertting, G.: Inhibition of uptake of catecholamines into rat brain synaptosomes by inhibitors of prostaglandin synthesis. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 285, R9 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Clarenbach, P., Raffel, G., Meyer, D.K., Hertting, G.: Inhibition by indomethacin and niflumic acid of catecholamine-uptake into rat hypothalamic and striatal synaptosomes. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 219, 79–86 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, K.E., Ryan, M.J., Brody, M.J.: Effects of prostaglandins E1 and F on uterine hemodynamics and motility. Advanc. Biosci. 9, 779–782 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Clouet, D.H., Johnson, J.C., Ratner, M., Williams, N., Gold, G.J.: The effect of morphine on rat brain catecholamines: Turnover in vivo and uptake in isolated synaptosomes. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 1039–1042. New York: Pergamon Press 1973

    Google Scholar 

  • Clouet, D.H., Williams, N.: The effect of narcotic analgesic drugs on the uptake and release of neurotransmitters in isolated synaptosomes. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 188, 419–428 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Collier, H.O.J.: Supersensitivity and dependence. Nature (Lond.) 220, 228–231 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Collier, H.O.J., McDonald-Gibson, W.J., Saeed, S.A.: Morphine and apomorphine stimulate prostaglandin production by rabbit brain homogenate. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 52, 116P (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Coon, J.M., Rothman, S.: The nature of the pilomotor response to acetyl choline; some observations on the pharmacodynamics of the skin. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 68, 301–311 (1940)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cox, B.M., Weinstock, M.: The effect of analgesic drugs on the release of acetylcholine from electrically stimulated guinea-pig ileum. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 27, 81–92 (1966)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cripps, H., Dearnaley, D.P.: Vascular responses and noradrenaline overflows in the isolated blood-perfused cat spleen: Some effects of cocaine, normetanephrine and α-blocking agents. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 227, 647–664 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cubeddu, L.X., Barnes, E.M., Langer, S.Z., Weiner, N.: Release of norepinephrine and dopamine-β-hydroxylase by nerve stimulation. I. Role of neuronal and extraneuronal uptake and of alpha presynaptic receptors. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 190, 431–450 (1974a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cubeddu, L.X., Barnes, E., Weiner, N.: Release of norepinephrine and dopamine-β-hydroxylase by nerve stimulation. II. Effects of papaverine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 191, 444–457 (1974b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cubeddu, L.X., Barnes, E., Weiner, N.: Release of norepinephrine and dopamine-β-hydroxylase by nerve Stimulation. IV. An evaluation of a role for cyclic adenosine monophosphate. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 193, 105–127 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cubeddu, L.X., Langer, S.Z., Weiner, N.: The relationships between alpha receptor block, inhibition of norepinephrine uptake and the release and metabolism of 3H-norepinephrine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 188, 368–385 (1974c)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cubeddu, L.X., Weiner, N.: Nerve stimulation-mediated overflow of norepinephrine and dopamine-β-hydroxylase. III. Effects of norepinephrine depletion on the alpha presynaptic regulation of release. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 192, 1–14 (1975a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cubeddu, L.X., Weiner, N.: Release of norepinephrine and dopamine-β-hydroxylase by nerve stimulation. V. Enhanced release associated with a granular effect of a benzoquinolizine derivative with reserpine-like properties. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 193, 757–774 (1975b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Dahlöf, C., Åblad, B., Borg, K.O., Ek, L., Waldeck, B.: Prejunctional inhibition of adrenergic nervous vasomotor control due to β receptor blockade. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 201–210. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalemans, P., Janssens, W., Verbeuren, T., Vanhoutte, P.M.: Effects of naturally occurring catechol-amines on adrenergic neuro-effector interaction in isolated cutaneous veins. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 220, 333–334 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davey, M.J., Hayden, M.L., Scholfield, P.C.: The effects of bretylium on C fibre excitation and noradrenaline release by acetylcholine and electrical stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 34, 377–387 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, B.N., Horton, E.W., Withrington, P.G.: The occurrence of prostaglandin E2 in splenic venous blood of the dog following splenic nerve stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 32, 127–135 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, B.N., Withrington, P.G.: Actions of prostaglandins A1 A2, E1, E2, F, and F on splenic vascular and capsular smooth muscle and their interactions with sympathetic nerve stimulation, catecholamines and angiotensin. In: Mantegazza, P., Horton, E.W. (eds.), Prostaglandins, Peptides and Amines, pp. 53–56. London-New York: Academic Press 1969

    Google Scholar 

  • Davila, D., Khairallah, P.A.: Effect of ions on inhibition of norepinephrine uptake by angiotensin. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 185, 357–364 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davila, D., Khairallah, P.A.: Angiotensin and biosynthesis of norepinephrine. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 193, 307–314 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, H.A., Horton, E.W.: Output of prostaglandins from the rabbit kidney, its increase on renal nerve stimulation and its inhibition by indomethacin. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 658–675 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawes, P.M., Faulkner, D.C.: The effect of propranolol on vascular responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 53, 517–524 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dawes, P.M., Vizi, E.S.: Acetylcholine release from the rabbit isolated superior cervical ganglion preparation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 48, 225–232 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Day, M.D., Moore, A.F.: Interaction of angiotensin II with noradrenaline and other spasmogens on rabbit isolated aortic strips. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 219, 29–44 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Day, M.D., Owen, D.A.A., Warren, P.R.: An adrenergic neuron blocking action of propranolol in isolated tissues. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 20, 130–134S (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Deck, R., Oberdorf, A., Kroneberg, G.: Dic Wirkung von 2-(2,6-Dichlorphenylamino)-2-imidazolin-Hydrochlorid (Clonidin) auf dic Kontraktion und dic Acetylcholin-Freisetzung am isolierten, koaxial elektrisch gereizten Meerschweinchenileum. Arzneimittel-Forsch. 21, 1580–1584 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dengler, H.J., Titus, E.O.: Dic Aufnahme von H3-Noradrenalin in Gewebeschnitte und deren Beeinflussung durch Pharmaka. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 241, 523 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, W.W., Kanno, T., Sampson, S.R.: Effects of acetylcholine and other medullary secretagogues and antagonists on the membrane potential of adrenal chromaffin cells: An analysis employing techniques of tissue culture. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 188, 107–120 (1967)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Drew, G.M.: Effects of α-adrenoceptor agonists and antagonists on pre-and postsynaptically located α-adrenoceptors. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 36, 313–320 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dubey, M.P., Muscholl, E., Pfeiffer, A.: Muscarinic inhibition of potassium-induced noradrenaline release and its dependence on the calcium concentration. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 291, 1–15 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dubocovich, M., Langer, S.Z.: Effects of flow-stop on the metabolism of noradrenaline released by nerve stimulation in the perfused spleen. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 278, 179–194 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dubocovich, M.L., Langer, S.Z.: Negative feed-back regulation of noradrenaline release by nerve stimulation in the perfused cat's spleen: Differences in potency of phenoxybenzamine in blocking the pre-and post-synaptic adrenergic receptors. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 237, 505–519 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dubocovich, M.L., Langer, S.Z.: Evidence against a physiological role of prostaglandins in the regulation of noradrenaline release in the cat spleen. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 251, 737–762 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dun, N., Nishi, S.: Effects of dopamine on the superior cervical ganglion of the rabbit. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 239, 155–164 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eccles, J.C.: The Physiology of Synapses. Berlin-Göttingen-Heidelberg: Springer 1964

    Google Scholar 

  • Ehrenpreis, S., Greenberg, J., Belman, S.: Prostaglandins reverse inhibition of electrically-induced contractions of guinea pig ileum by morphine, indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid. Nature (Lond.) 245, 280–282 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Eisenfeld, A.J., Axelrod, J., Krakoff, L.: Inhibition of the extraneuronal accumulation and metabolism of norepinephrine by adrenergic blocking agents. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 156, 107–113 (1967)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Eliash, S., Weinstock, M.: Role of adrenergic neurone blockade in the hypotensive action of propranolol. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 43, 287–294 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elie, R., Panisset, J.C.: Effect of angiotensin and atropine on the spontaneous release of acetylcholine from cat cerebral cortex. Brain Res. 17, 297–305 (1970)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Endoh, M., Tamura, K., Hashimoto, K.: Negative and positive inotropic responses of the blood-perfused canine papillary muscle to acetylcholine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 175, 377–387 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Enero, M.A., Langer, S.Z.: Influence of reserpine-induced depletion of noradrenaline on the negative feed-back mechanism for transmitter release during nerve stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 49, 214–225 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enero, M.A., Langer, S.Z.: Inhibition by dopamine of 3H-noradrenaline release elicited by nerve stimulation in the isolated cat's nictitating membrane. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 289, 179–203 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Enero, M.A., Langer, S.Z., Rothlin, R.P., Stefano, F.J.E.: Role of the α-adrenoceptor in regulating noradrenaline overflow by nerve stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 44, 672–688 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Euler, U.S. von: Synthesis, uptake and storage of catecholamines in adrenergic nerves, the effect of drugs. In: Blaschko, H., Muscholl, E. (eds.), Catecholamines. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, Vol. 33, pp. 186–230. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Euler, U.S. von, Hedqvist, P.: Evidence for an α-and β 2-receptor mediated inhibition of the twitch response in the guinea pig vas deferens by noradrenaline. Acta physiol. scand. 93, 572–573 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Euler, U.S. von, Lishajko, F.: Noradrenaline release from isolated nerve granules. Acta physiol. scand. 51, 193–203 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  • Farah, M.B., Langer, S.Z.: Protection by phentolamine against the effects of phenoxybenzamine on transmitter release elicited by nerve stimulation in the perfused cat heart. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 52, 549–557 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Effects of desipramine, phentolamine and phenoxybenzamine on the release of noradrenaline from isolated tissues. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 22, 855–857 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Drug-induced changes in the release of (3H)-noradrenaline from field stimulated rat iris. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 43, 97–106 (1971a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Drug-induced changes in the release of 3H-monoamines from field stimulated rat brain slices. Acta physiol. scand., Suppl. 371, 35–44 (1971b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Chronic decentralization prevents α-receptor mediated regulation of noradrenaline release in the field stimulated rat iris. Brain Res. 62, 477–482 (1973a)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Catecholamine release and receptors in brain slices. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 589–593. New York: Pergamon Press 1973b

    Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Regulation of (3H)5-hydroxytryptamine release from rat brain slices. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 642–644 (1974a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Hamberger, B.: Influence of α-and β-adrenoceptors on the release of noradrenaline from field stimulated atria and cerebral cortex slices. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 644–646 (1974b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Farnebo, L.O., Malmfors, T.: 3H-noradrenaline release and mechanical response in the field stimulated mouse vas deferens. Acta physiol. scand., Suppl. 371, 1–18 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Feniuk, W., Large, B.J.: The effects of prostaglandins E1 E2 and F on vagal bradycardia in the anaesthetized mouse. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 47–49 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferry, C.B.: The sympathomimetic effect of acetylcholine on the spleen of the cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 167, 487–504 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferry, C.B.: Cholinergic link hypothesis in adrenergic neuroeffector transmission. Physiol. Rev. 46, 420–456 (1966)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, J.E., Weise, V.K., Kopin, I.J.: Interactions of bretylium and acetylcholine at sympathetic nerve endings. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 153, 523–529 (1966)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Flower, R.J.: Drugs which inhibit prostaglandin biosynthesis. Pharmacol. Rev. 26, 33–67 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Foo, J.W., Jowett, A., Stafford, A.: The effects of some β-adrenoreceptor blocking drugs on the uptake and release of noradrenaline by the heart. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 34, 141–147 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fozard, J.R., Muscholl, E.: Effects of several muscarinic agonists on cardiac performance and the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves of the perfused rabbit heart. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 45, 616–629 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fozard, J.R., Muscholl, E.: Atropine-resistant effects of the muscarinic agonists McN-A-343 and AHR 602 on cardiac performance and the release of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves of the perfused rabbit heart. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 50, 531–541 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fozard, J.R., Mwaluko, G.M.P.: Mechanism of the indirect sympathomimetic effect of 5-hydroxytryptamine on the isolated heart of the rabbit. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 57, 115–125 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Frame, M.H., Hedqvist, P.: Evidence for prostaglandin mediated prejunctional control of renal sympathetic transmitter release and vascular tone. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 54, 189–196 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fredholm, B., Hedqvist, P.: Increased release of noradrenaline from stimulated guinea pig vas deferens after indomethacin treatment. Acta physiol. scand. 87, 570–572 (1973a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fredholm, B.B., Hedqvist, P.: Role of pre-and postjunctional inhibition by prostaglandin E2 of lipolysis induced by sympathetic nerve stimulation in dog subcutaneous adipose tissue in situ. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 47, 711–718 (1973b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fredholm, B.B., Hedqvist, P.: Indomethacin and the role of prostaglandins in adipose tissue. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24, 61–66 (1975a)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fredholm, B.B., Hedqvist, P.: Indomethacin-induced increase in noradrenaline turnover in some rat organs. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 54, 295–300 (1975b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fredholm, B.B., Rosell, S.: Fate of 3H-noradrenaline in canine subcutaneous adipose tissue. Acta physiol. scand. 80, 404–411 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Fredholm, B.B., Rosell, S., Strandberg, K.: Release of prostaglandin-like material from canine subcutaneous adipose tissue by nerve stimulation. Acta physiol. scand. 79, 18–19A (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Fuder, H., Muscholl, E.: The effect of methacholine on noradrenaline release from the rabbit heart perfused with indometacin. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 285, 127–132 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Furchgott, R.F.: The receptors for epinephrine and norepinephrine (adrenergic receptors). Pharmacol. Rev. 11, 429–441 (1959)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Furchgott, R.F.: The classification of adrenoceptors (adrenergic receptors). An evaluation from the standpoint of receptor theory. In: Blaschko, H., Muscholl, E. (eds.), Catecholamines. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, Vol. 33, pp. 283–335. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Furchgott, R.F., Steinsland, O.S., Wakade, T.D.: Studies on prejunctional muscarinic and nicotinic receptors. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 167–174. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Gagnon, D.J., Sirois, P., Boucher, P.J.: Stimulation by angiotensia II of the release of vasopressin from incubated rat neurohypophyses-possible involvement of cyclic AMP. Clin. exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2, 305–313 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, A.G., Kirpekar, S.M.: Release of noradrenaline from the cat spleen by sodium deprivation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 47, 729–747 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Garcia, A.G., Kirpekar, S.M.: On the mechanism of release of norepinephrine from cat spleen slices by sodium deprivation and calcium pretreatment. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 192, 343–350 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Geffen, L.B.: The effect of desmethylimipramine upon the overflow of sympathetic transmitter from the cat's spleen. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 181, 69–70P (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • George, A.J.: The effect of prostaglandin E1 and E2 on drug-induced release of (3H)-noradrenaline from rat mesenteric arteries. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 243P (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, J.C., Wyllie, M.G., Davison, D.V.: Nerve terminal ATPase as possible trigger for neuro-transmitter release. Nature (Lond.) 255, 237–238 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillespie, J.S., Kirpekar, S.M.: The uptake and release of radioactive noradrenaline by the splenic nerves of cats. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 187, 51–68 (1966)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilmore, N., Vane, J.R., Wyllie, J.H.: Prostaglandins released by the spleen. Nature (Lond.) 218, 1135–1140 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Giorguieff, M.F., Le Floc'h, M.L., Westfall, T.C., Glowinski, J., Besson, M.J.: Nicotinic effect of acetylcholine on the release of newly synthesized (3H)dopamine in rat striatal slices and cat caudate nucleus. Brain Res. 106, 117–131 (1976)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Göthert, M.: Effects of halothane on the sympathetic nerve terminals of the rabbit heart. Differences in membrane actions of halothane and tetracaine. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 286, 125–143 (1974)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Göthert, M., Kennerknecht, E., Thielecke, G.: Inhibition of receptor-mediated noradrenaline release from the sympathetic nerves of the isolated rabbit heart by anaesthetics and alcohols in proportion to their hydrophobic property. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 145–152 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L.I.: Cardiovascular and renal actions of dopamine: Potential clinical applications. Pharmacol. Rev. 24, 1–29 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L.I.: The dopamine vascular receptor. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24, 651–653 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L.I., Sonneville, P.F., McNay, J.L.: An investigation of the structural requirements for dopamine-like renal vasodilation: Phenylethylamines and apomorphine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 163, 188–197 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, L.I., Tjandramaga, T.B., Anton, A.H., Toda, N.: New investigations of the cardiovascular actions of dopamine. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 513–521. New York: Pergamon Press 1973

    Google Scholar 

  • Gomer, S.K., Zimmerman, B.G.: Effect of angiotensin II on uptake and release of dl-3H-metaraminol. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 142, 787–792 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, F.R.: Effects of nicotine on distribution and release of 14C-norepinephrine and 14C dopamine in rat brain striatum and hypothalamus slices. Neuropharmacol. 13, 1025–1032 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Govier, W.C.: Myocardial alpha adrenergic receptors and their role in the production of a positive inotropic effect by sympathomimetic agents. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 159, 82–90 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Grabowska, M., Andén, N.E.: Noradrenaline synthesis and utilization: Control by nerve impulse flow under normal conditions and after treatment with alpha-adrenoreceptor blocking agents. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 53–58 (1976)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Graefe, K.H.: Methodology of catecholamine transport studies: Definition of terms. In: Paton, D.M. (ed.), The Mechanism of Neuronal and Extraneuronal Transport of Catecholamines, pp. 7–35. New York: Raven Press 1976

    Google Scholar 

  • Graefe, K.H., Stefano, F.J.E., Langer, S.Z.: Preferential metabolism of (−)-3H-norepinephrine through the deaminated glycol in the rat vas deferens. Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 1147–1160 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, R.: The effects of indomethacin and eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid on the response of the rabbit portal vein to electrical stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 52, 61–68 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greenberg, S., Howard, L., Wilson, W.R.: Comparative effects of prostaglandins A2 and B2 on vascular and airway resistances and adrenergic neurotransmission. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 52, 699–705 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Greengard, P., Kebabian, J.W.: Role of cyclic AMP in synaptic transmission in the mammalian peripheral nervous system. Fed. Proc. 33, 1059–1067 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Guidotti, A., Costa, E.: A role for nicotinic receptors in the regulation of the adenylate cyclase of adrenal medulla. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 189, 665–675 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gustafsson, L., Hedqvist, P., Lagercrantz, H.: Potentiation by prostaglandins E1, E2, and F of the contraction response to transmural stimulation in the bovine iris sphincter muscle. Acta physiol. scand. 95, 26–33 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Gutman, Y., Boonyaviroj, P.: Suppression by noradrenaline of catecholamine secretion from adrenal medulla. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 28, 384–386 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gutman, Y., Boonyaviroj, P.: Regulation of catecholamine release from adrenal medulla in vitro by α and β receptors and by prostaglandins. In: Abstr. 6th Int. Congr. Pharmacol., Helsinki, 1975, p. 423

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadházy, P., Illés, P., Knoll, J.: The effects of PGE1 on responses to cardiac vagus nerve stimulation and acetylcholine release. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 23, 251–255 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hadházy, P., Vizi, E.S., Magyar, K., Knoll, J.: Inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission by prostaglandin E1 (PGE1 in the rabbit ear artery. Neuropharmacol. 15, 245–250 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Haefely, W.: Electrophysiology of the adrenergic neuron. In: Blaschko, H., Muscholl, E. (eds.), Catecholamines. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, Vol. 33, pp. 661–725. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Häggendal, J.: On release of transmitter from adrenergic nerve terminals at nerve activity. Acta physiol. scand., Suppl. 330, 29 (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Häggendal, J.: Some further aspects on the release of the adrenergic transmitter. In: Schümann, H.J., Kroneberg, G. (eds.), New Aspects of Storage and Release Mechanisms of Catecholamines, pp. 100–109. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Häggendal, J., Johansson, B., Jonason, J., Ljung, B.: Effects of phenoxybenzamine on transmitter release and effector response in the isolated portal vein. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 24, 161–164 (1972)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haeusler, G.: Clonidine-induced inhibition of sympathetic nerve activity: No indication for a central presynaptic or an indirect sympathomimetic mode of action. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 286, 97–111 (1974)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haeusler, G.: The importance of the presynaptic β-adrenergic regulation of noradrenaline release from vascular nerves in vivo. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 287, R19 (1975a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Haeusler, G.: Cardiovascular regulation by central adrenergic mechanisms and its alteration by hypotensive drugs. Circulat. Res. 36–37, I–223–232 (1975b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Haeusler, G., Haefely, W., Huerlimann, A.: On the mechanism of the adrenergic nerve blocking action of bretylium. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 265, 260–277 (1969a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Haeusler, G., Thoenen, H., Haefely, W., Huerlimann, A.: Electrical events in cardiac adrenergic nerves and noradrenaline release from the heart induced by acetylcholine and KCl. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 261, 389–411 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Haeusler, G., Thoenen, H., Haefely, W., Huerlimann, A.: Elektrosekretorische Koppelung bei der Noradrenalinfreisetzung aus adrenergen Nervenfasern durch nicotinartig wirkende Substanzen. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 263, 217–218 (1969b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hahn, R.A., Patil, P.N.: Further observations on the interaction of prostaglandin F with cholinergic mechanisms in canine salivary glands. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 25, 279–286 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, G.H., Turner, D.M.: Effects of nicotine on the release of 3H-noradrenaline from the hypothalamus. Biochem. Pharmacol. 21, 1829–1838 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hazra, J.: Evidence against prostaglandin E having a physiological role in acetylcholine liberation from Auerbach's plexus of guinea-pig ileum. Experientia (Basel) 31, 565–566 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Modulating effect of prostaglandin E2 on noradrenaline release from the isolated cat spleen. Acta physiol. scand. 75, 511–512 (1969a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Antagonism between prostaglandin E2 and phenoxybenzamine on noradrenaline release from the cat spleen. Acta physiol. scand. 76, 383–384 (1969b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Control by prostaglandin E2 of sympathetic neurotransmission in the spleen. Life Sci. 9, I, 269–278 (1970a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Antagonism by calcium of the inhibitory action of prostaglandin E2 on sympathetic neurotransmission in the cat spleen. Acta physiol. scand. 80, 269–275 (1970b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Studies on the effect of prostaglandins E1 and E2 on the sympathetic neuromuscular transmission in some animal tissues. Acta physiol. scand., Suppl. 345 (1970c)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Prostaglandin induced inhibition of neurotransmission in the isolated guinea pig seminal vesicle. Acta physiol. scand. 84, 506–511 (1972a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Prostaglandin-induced inhibition of vascular tone and reactivity in the cat's hindleg in vivo. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 17, 157–162 (1972b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Prostaglandin mediated control of sympathetic neuroeffector transmission. Advanc. Biosci. 9, 461–473 (1973a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Autonomic neurotransmission. In: Ramwell, P.W. (ed.), The Prostaglandins, Vol. 1, pp. 101–131. New York-London: Plenum Press 1973b

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Prostaglandin as a tool for local control of transmitter release from sympathetic nerves. Brain Res. 62, 483–488 (1973c)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Aspects on prostaglandin and α-receptor mediated control of transmitter release from adrenergic nerves. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 583–587. New York: Pergamon Press 1973d

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Dissociation of prostaglandin and α-receptor mediated control of adrenergic transmitter release. Acta physiol. scand. 87, 42–43A (1973e)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Prostaglandin action on noradrenaline release and mechanical responses in the stimulated guinea pig vas deferens. Acta physiol. scand. 90, 86–93 (1974a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Interaction between prostaglandins and calcium ions on noradrenaline release from the stimulated guinea pig vas deferens. Acta physiol. scand. 90, 153–157 (1974b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Role of the α-receptor in the control of noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerves. Acta physiol. scand. 90, 158–165 (1974c)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Restriction of transmitter release from adrenergic nerves mediated by prostaglandins and α-adrenoreceptors. Pol. J. Pharmacol. Pharm. 26, 119–125 (1974d)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P.: Effect of prostaglandins and prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors on norepinephrine release from vascular tissue. In: Robinson, H.J., Vane, J.R. (eds.), Prostaglandin Synthetase Inhibitors, pp. 303–309. New York: Raven Press 1974e

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Brundin, J.: Inhibition by prostaglandin E1 of noradrenaline release and of effector response to nerve stimulation in the cat spleen. Life Sci. 8, I, 389–395 (1969)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Euler, U.S. von: Prostaglandin-induced neurotransmission failure in the field-stimulated, isolated vas deferens. Neuropharmacol. 11, 177–187 (1972)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Moawad, A.: Presynaptic α-and β-adrenoceptor mediated control of noradrenaline release in human oviduct. Acta physiol. scand. 95, 494–496 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Persson, N.Å.: Prostaglandin action on adrenergic and cholinergic responses in the rabbit and guinea pig intestine. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 211–218. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Stjärne, L., Wennmalm, Å.: Inhibition by prostaglandin E2 of sympathetic neurotransmission in the rabbit heart. Acta physiol. scand. 79, 139–141 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Stjärne, L., Wennmalm, Å.: Facilitation of sympathetic neurotransmission in the cat spleen after inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Acta physiol. scand. 83, 430–432 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hedqvist, P., Wennmalm, Å.: Comparison of the effects of prostaglandins E1 E2 and F on the sympathetically stimulated rabbit heart. Acta physiol. scand. 83, 156–162 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heikkila, R.E., Orlansky, H., Cohen, G.: Studies on the distinction between uptake inhibition and release of (3H)dopamine in rat brain tissue slices. Biochem. Pharmacol. 24, 847–852 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heise, A., Kroneberg, G.: Periphere und zentrale Kreislaufwirkung des α-Sympathicomimeticums 2-(2,6-Xylidino)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazinhydrochlorid (BAY 1470). Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 266, 350 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Heise, A., Kroneberg, G., Schlossmann, K.: α-sympathicomimetische Eigenschaften als Ursache der blutdrucksteigernden und blutdrucksenkenden Wirkung von BAY 1470 (2-(2,6-Xylidino)-5,6-dihydro-4H-1,3-thiazinhydrochlorid). Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 268, 348–360 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, G., Hughes, J.: Modulation of frequency-dependent noradrenaline release by calcium, angiotensin and morphine. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 52, 455–456P (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, G., Hughes, J., Kosterlitz, H.W.: A new example of a morphine-sensitive neuro-effector junction: adrenergic transmission in the mouse vas deferens. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 764–766 (1972a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, G., Hughes, J., Kosterlitz, H.W.: The effects of morphine on the release of noradrenaline from the cat isolated nictitating membrane and the guinea-pig ileum myenteric plexus-longitudinal muscle preparation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 53, 505–512 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Henderson, G., Hughes, J., Thompson, J.W.: The variation of noradrenaline output with frequency of nerve stimulation and the effect of morphine on the cat nictitating membrane and on the guinea-pig myenteric plexus. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 524–525P (1972b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Henseling, M., Eckert, E., Trendelenburg, U.: The effect of cocaine on the distribution of labelled noradrenaline in rabbit aortic strips and on efflux of radioactivity from the strips. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 231–241 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hertting, G., Axelrod, J.: Fate of tritiated noradrenaline at the sympathetic nerve-endings. Nature (Lond.) 192, 172–173 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hertting, G., Schiefthaler, T.: Beziehung zwischen Durchflußgröße und Noradrenalinfreisetzung bei Nervenreizung der isoliert durchströmten Katzenmilz. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 246, 13–14 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hertting, G., Suko, J.: Influence of angiotensin, vasopressin or changes in flow rate on vasoconstriction, changes in volume and (3H)-noradrenaline release following postganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation in the isolated cat spleen. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 26, 686–696 (1966)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hertting, G., Widhalm, S.: Über den Mechanismus der Noradrenalin-Freisetzung aus sympathischen Nervenendigungen. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 250, 257–258 (1965)

    Google Scholar 

  • Herz, A., Teschemacher, H.J.: Activities and sites of antinociceptive action of morphine-like analgesics and kinetics of distribution following intravenous, intracerebral and intraventricular application. Advanc. Drug Res. 6, 79–119 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hitzemann, R.J., Loh, H.H.: Effect of morphine on the transport of dopamine into mouse brain slices. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 21, 121–129 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hoffmann, F., Hoffmann, E.J., Middleton, S., Talesnik, J.: The stimulating effect of acetylcholine on the mammalian heart and the liberation of an epinephrine-like substance by the isolated heart. Amer. J. Physiol. 144, 189–198 (1945)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horton, E.W.: Prostaglandins at adrenergic nerve-endings. Brit. med. Bull. 29, 148–151 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hoszowska, A., Panczenko, B.: Effects of inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis on noradrenaline release from isolated perfused spleen of the cat. Pol. J. Pharmacol. Pharm. 26, 137–142 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hotta, Y.: Some properties of the junctional and extrajunctional receptors in the vas deferens of the guinea-pig. Agents Actions 1, 69–77 (= (13)-(21)) (1969)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Howd, R.A., Horita, A.: The effects of drugs on accumulation and release of catecholamines in rat brain slices. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 218, 231–238 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hsu, C.Y., Westfall, T.C.: Mechanism of the release of 3H-norepinephrine (NE) induced by amino-phylline in the perfused guinea-pig heart. Fed. Proc. 32, 784 Abs (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hubbard, J.I.: Microphysiology of vertebrate neuromuscular transmission. Physiol. Rev. 53, 674–723 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hubbard, J.I., Quastel, D.M.J.: Micropharmacology of vertebrate neuromuscular transmission. Ann. Rev. Pharmacol. 13, 199–216 (1973)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J.: Evaluation of mechanisms controlling the release and inactivation of the adrenergic transmitter in the rabbit portal vein and vas deferens. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 44, 472–491 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J.: Inhibition of noradrenaline release by lysergic acid diethylamide. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 49, 706–708 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J., Kosterlitz, H.W., Leslie, F.M.: Effect of morphine on adrenergic transmission in the mouse vas deferens. Assessment of agonist and antagonist potencies of narcotic analgesics. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 53, 371–381 (1975a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J., Roth, R.H.: Enhanced release of transmitter during sympathetic nerve stimulation in the presence of angiotensin. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 37, 516–517P (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J., Roth, R.H.: Evidence that angiotensin enhances transmitter release during sympathetic nerve stimulation. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 41, 239–255 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J., Roth, R.H.: Variation in noradrenaline output with changes in stimulus frequency and train length: Role of different noradrenaline pools. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 51, 373–381 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hughes, J., Smith, T.W., Kosterlitz, H.W., Fothergill, L.A., Morgan, B.A., Morris, H.R.: Identification of two related pentapeptides from the brain with potent opiate agonist activity. Nature (Lond.) 258, 577–579 (1975b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hume, W.R., Lande, I.S. de la, Waterson, J.G.: Effect of acetylcholine on the response of the isolated rabbit ear artery to stimulation of the perivascular sympathetic nerves. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 17, 227–233 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hunt, G.E., Atrens, D.M., Chesher, G.B., Becker, F.T.: α-Noradrenergic modulation of hypothalamic self-stimulation: Studies employing clonidine, 1-phenylephrine and α-methyl-p-tyrosine. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 37, 105–111 (1976)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan, M., Long, J.P.: Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system by dopamine. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 216, 4–10 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan, M., Long, J.P., Cannon, J.G.: Inhibition of responses to stimulation of the cardioaccelerator nerves of the cat by N.N-dimethyldopamine and apomorphine. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 212, 247–254 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan, M., Long, J.P., Cannon, J.G.: Bulbocapnine's ability to antagonize the adrenergic inhibitory action of dopamine and analogs. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 33, 13–18 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ilhan, M., Long, J.P., Cannon, J.G.: Effects of some dopamine analogs and haloperidol on response to stimulation of adrenergic nerves using cat atria in vitro. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 219, 193–204 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Illés, P., Hadházy, P., Torma, Z., Vizi, E.S., Knoll, J.: The effect of number of stimuli and rate of stimulation on the inhibition by PGE1 of adrenergic transmission. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 24, 29–36 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Illés, P., Vizi, E.S., Knoll, J.: Adrenergic neuroeffector junctions sensitive and insensitive to the effect of PGE1. Pol. J. Pharmacol. Pharm. 26, 127–136 (1974)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Iversen, L.L.: Uptake mechanisms for biogenic amines. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Handbook of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 3, pp. 381–442. New York-London: Plenum Press 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Izumi, F., Oka, M., Kashimoto, T.: Possible role of cyclic-3′,5′-adenosine monophosphate in the release of catecholamines from the adrenal medulla. Med. J. Osaka Univ. 21, 241–249 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jaanus, S.D., Rubin, R.P.: Analysis of the role of cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate in catecholamine release. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 237, 465–476 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jang, C.S.: The potentiation and paralysis of adrenergic effects by ergotoxine and other substances. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 71, 87–94 (1941)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Janowsky, D.S., Davis, J.M., Fann, W.E., Freeman, J., Nixon, R., Michelakis, A.A.: Angiotensin effect on uptake of norepinephrine by synaptosomes. Life Sci. 11, I, 1–11 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, D.A., Marshall, I., Nasmyth, P.A.: Is morphine inhibition of the twitch response of the mouse vas deferens mediated via noradrenaline? Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 267–268P (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Jhamandas, K., Phillis, J.W., Pinsky, C.: Effects of narcotic analgesics and antagonists on the in vivo release of acetylcholine from the cerebral cortex of the cat. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 43, 53–66 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, D.G., Thoa, N.B., Weinshilboum, R., Axelrod, J., Kopin, I.J.: Enhanced release of dopamine-β-hydroxylase from sympathetic nerves by calcium and phenoxybenzamine and its reversal by prostaglandins. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 68, 2227–2230 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Junstad, M., Wennmalm, Å.: Increased renal excretion of noradrenaline in rats after treatment with prostaglandin synthesis inhibitor indomethacin. Acta physiol. scand. 85, 573–576 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Junstad, M., Wennmalm, Å.: On the release of prostaglandin E2 from the rabbit heart following infusion of noradrenaline. Acta physiol. scand. 87, 573–574 (1973a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Junstad, M., Wennmalm, Å.: Prostaglandin mediated inhibition of noradrenaline release at different nerve impulse frequencies. Acta physiol. scand., 89, 544–549 (1973b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Junstad, M., Wennmalm, Å.: Release of prostaglandin from the rabbit isolated heart following vagal nerve stimulation or acetylcholine infusion. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 52, 375–379 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kadowitz, P.J., Sweet, C.S., Brody, M.J.: Differential effects of prostaglandins E1, E2, F and F adrenergic vasoconstriction in the dog hindpaw. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 177, 641–649 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kadowitz, P.J., Sweet, C.S., Brody, M.J.: Enhancement of sympathetic neurotransmission by prostaglandin F in the cutaneous vascular bed of the dog. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 18, 189–194 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaneko, Y., Takeda, T., Nakajima, K., Ueda, H.: Effect of angiotensin on the pressor response to tyramine in normotensive subjects and hypertensive patients. Circulat. Res. 19, 673–680 (1966)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kao, C.Y., McCullough, J.R.: Electrophysiological properties of splenic nerve in relation to norepinephrine overflow. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 185, 49–59 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kato, A.C., Collier, B., Ilson, D., Wright, J.M.: The effect of atropine upon acetylcholine release from cat superior cervical ganglia and rat cortical slices: Measurement by a radio-enzymic method. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 53, 1050–1057 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kaumann, A.J.: Adrenergic receptors in heart muscle: Relations among factors influencing the sensitivity of the cat papillary muscle to catecholamines. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 173, 383–398 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kayaalp, S.O., Türker, R.K.: Effect of hemicholinium (HC-3) on the catecholamine releasing action of prostaglandin E1. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 3, 139–142 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kehr, W., Carlsson, A., Lindqvist, M., Magnusson, T., Atack, C.: Evidence for a receptor-mediated feedback control of striatal tyrosine hydroxylase activity. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 24, 744–747 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kennedy, B.L., West, T.C.: Effect of morphine on electrically-induced release of autonomic mediators in the rabbit sinoatrial node. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 157, 149–158 (1967)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Khairallah, P.A.: Action of angiotensin on adrenergic nerve endings: inhibition of norepinephrine uptake. Fed. Proc. 31, 1351–1357 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kilbinger, H., Lindmar, R., Löffelholz, K., Muscholl, E., Patil, P.N.: Storage and release of false transmitters after infusion of (+)-and (−)-α-methyldopamine. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 271, 234–248 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kilbinger, H., Wagner, P.: Inhibition by oxotremorine of acetylcholine resting release from guinea pig-ileum longitudinal muscle strips. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 287, 47–60 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiran, B.K., Khairallah, P.A.: Angiotensin and norepinephrine efflux. Europ. J Pharmacol. 6, 102–108 (1969)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Cervoni, P.: Effect of cocaine, phenoxybenzamine and phentolamine on the catecholamine output from spleen and adrenal medulla. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 142, 59–70 (1963)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Furchgott, R.F., Wakade, A.R., Prat, J.C.: Inhibition by sympathomimetic amines of the release of norepinephrine evoked by nerve stimulation in the cat spleen. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 187, 529–538 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Misu, Y.: Release of noradrenaline by splenic nerve stimulation and its dependence on calcium. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 188, 219–234 (1967)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Prat, J.C., Puig, M., Wakade, A.R.: Modification of the evoked release of noradrenaline from the perfused cat spleen by various ions and agents. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 221, 601–615 (1972a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Prat, J.C., Wakade, A.R.: Effect of calcium on the relationship between frequency of stimulation and release of noradrenaline from the perfused spleen of the cat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 287, 205–212 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Puig, M.: Effect of flow-stop on noradrenaline release from normal spleens and spleens treated with cocaine, phentolamine or phenoxybenzamine. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 43, 359–369 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Wakade, A.R.: Release of noradrenaline from the cat spleen by potassium. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 194, 595–608 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Wakade, A.R.: Effect of β-haloalkylamines and ephedrine on noradrenaline release from the intact spleen of the cat. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 39, 533–541 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kirpekar, S.M., Wakade, A.R., Steinsland, O.S., Prat, J.C., Furchgott, R.F.: Inhibition of the evoked release of norepinephrine (NE) by sympathomimetic amines. Fed. Proc. 31, 566 Abs (1972b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Knoll, J., Vizi, E.S.: Effect of frequency of stimulation on the inhibition by noradrenaline of the acetylcholine output from parasympathetic nerve terminals. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 42, 263–272 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobinger, W.: Über den Wirkungsmechanismus einer neuen antihypertensiven Substanz mit Imidazolinstruktur. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 258, 48–58 (1967)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobinger, W.: Medicinal chemistry related to the central regulation of blood pressure, II. Pharmacological part. In: Maas, J. (ed.), Medicinal Chemistry IV. Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Medicinal Chemistry, pp. 107–120. Amsterdam-Oxford-New York: Elsevier 1974

    Google Scholar 

  • Kobinger, W., Pichler, L.: Evidence for direct α-adrenoceptor stimulation of effector neurons in cardiovascular centers by clonidine. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 27, 151–154 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobinger, W., Pichler, L.: Investigation into some imidazoline compounds, with respect to peripheral α-adrenoceptor stimulation and depression of cardiovascular centers. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 291, 175–191 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kobinger, W., Walland, A.: Involvement of adrenergic receptors in central vagus activity. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 16, 120–122 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kopin, I.J.: Metabolic degradation of catecholamines. The relative importance of different pathways under physiological conditions and after administration of drugs. In: Blaschko, H., Muscholl, E. (eds.), Catecholamines. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, Vol. 33, pp. 270–282. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Korf, J., Bunney, B.S., Aghajanian, G.K.: Noradrenergic neurons: morphine inhibition of spontaneous activity. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 25, 165–169 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kosterlitz, H.W., Hughes, J.: Some thoughts on the significance of enkephalin, the endogenous ligand. Life Sci. 17, 91–96 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kosterlitz, H.W., Lees, G.M.: Interrelationships between adrenergic and cholinergic mechanisms. In: Blaschko, H., Muscholl, E. (eds.), Catecholamines. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, Vol. 33, pp. 762–812. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosterlitz, H.W., Lydon, R.J., Watt, A.J.: The effects of adrenaline, noradrenaline and isoprenaline on inhibitory α-and β-adrenoceptors in the longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig ileum. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 39, 398–413 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kosterlitz, H.W., Taylor, D.W.: The effect of morphine on vagal inhibition of the heart. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 14, 209–214 (1959)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Kosterlitz, H.W., Wallis, D.I.: The action of morphine-like drugs on impulse transmission in mammalian nerve fibres. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 22, 499–510 (1964)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krauss, K.R., Carpenter, D.O., Kopin, I.J.: Acetylcholine-induced release of norepinephrine in the presence of tetrodotoxin. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 173, 416–421 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Krnjević, K.: Chemical nature of synaptic transmission in vertebrates. Physiol. Rev. 54, 418–540 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroneberg, G., Oberdorf, A., Hoffmeister, F., Wirth, W.: Zur Pharmakologie von 2-(2,6-Dimethyl-phenylamino)-4H-5,6-dihydro-1,3-thiazin (Bayer 1470), eines Hemmstoffes adrenergischer und cholinergischer Neurone. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 256, 257–280 (1967)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kuchii, M., Miyahara, J.T., Shibata, S.: (3H)-adenine nucleotide and (3H)-noradrenaline release evoked by electrical field stimulation, perivascular nerve stimulation and nicotine from the taenia of the guinea-pig caecum. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 49, 258–267 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: The effects of phenoxybenzamine on metabolism of 3H-noradrenaline released from the isolated nictitating membrane. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 34, 222–223P (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: The metabolism of (3H)noradrenaline released by electrical stimulation from the isolated nictitating membrane of the cat and from the vas deferens of the rat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 208, 515–546 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: The regulation of transmitter release elicited by nerve stimulation through a presynaptic feed-back mechanism. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 543–549. New York: Pergamon Press 1973a

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: Effects of dopamine on the presynaptic negative feedback mechanism that regulates noradrenaline release by nerve stimulation. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Meeting on Adrenergic Mechanisms, Porto, 1973b, pp. 49–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: Selective metabolic pathways for noradrenaline in the peripheral and in the central nervous system. Med. Biol. 52, 372–383 (1974a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: Presynaptic regulation of catecholamine release. Biochem. Pharmacol. 23, 1793–1800 (1974b)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z.: Prejunctional regulatory mechanisms for noradrenaline release elicited by nerve stimulation. In: Abstracts of the symposium Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Göteborg, 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Adler, E., Enero, M.A., Stefano, F.J.E.: The role of the alpha receptor in regulating noradrenaline overflow by nerve stimulation. Proc. XXVth Int. Congr. Physiol. Sci., Munich, 1971, p. 335

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Dubocovich, M.L., Celuch, S.M.: Prejunctional regulatory mechanisms for noradrenaline release elicited by nerve stimulation. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 183–191. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975a

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Enero, M.A.: The potentiation of responses to adrenergic nerve stimulation in the presence of cocaine: Its relationship to the metabolic fate of released norepinephrine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 191, 431–443 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Enero, M.A., Adler-Graschinsky, E., Dubocovich, M.L., Celuchi, S.M.: Presynaptic regulatory mechanisms for noradrenaline release by nerve stimulation. In: Davies, D.S., Reid, J.L. (eds.), Central Action of Drugs in Blood Pressure Regulation, pp. 133–150. Tunbridge Wells: Pitman 1975b

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Enero, M.A., Stefano, F.J.E., Rothlin, R.P.: Acciones de la fenoxibenzamina sobre la liberación de noradrenalina por estimulación nerviosa en la membrana nictitante aislada de gato. Medicina (B. Aires) 30, 557–558 (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Granata, A.R., Enero, M.A., Krieger, E.M.: Overflow of labelled transmitter elicited by nerve stimulation in the perfused mesenteric arteries of rats after the development of neurogenic hypertension. Blood Vessels 12, 368–369 (1975c)

    Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Rubio, M.C.: Effects of noradrenaline metabolites on the adrenergic receptors. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 276, 71–88 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Stefano, F.J.E., Enero, M.A.: Pre-and postsynaptic origin of the norepinephrine metabolites formed during transmitter release elicited by nerve stimulation. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 183, 90–102 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Langer, S.Z., Vogt, M.: Noradrenaline release from isolated muscles of the nictitating membrane of the cat. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 214, 159–171 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Langley, A.E., Gardier, R.W.: Regulation of norepinephrine and dopamine-β-hydroxylase release during sympathetic nerve stimulation. Fed. Proc. 33, 523 Abs (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lees, G.M., Kosterlitz, H.W., Waterfield, A.A.: Characteristics of morphine-sensitive release of neuro-transmitter substances. In: Kosterlitz, H.W., Collier, H.O.J., Villareal, J.E. (eds.), Agonist and Antagonist Actions of Narcotic Analgesic Drugs, pp. 142–152. London-Basingstoke: Macmillan 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Lembeck, F., Juan, H.: Are there therapeutic indications of intravenous injection of calcium gluconate? Arzneimittelforsch. 25, 1570–1574 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levin, J.A.: The uptake and metabolism of 3H-l-and 3H-dl-norepinephrine by intact rabbit aorta and by isolated adventitia and media. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 190, 210–226 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levy, M.N., Blattberg, B.: Effect of vagal stimulation on the overflow of norepinephrine into the coronary sinus during cardiac sympathetic nerve stimulation in the dog. Circulat. Res. 38, 81–85 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Liao, J.C., Zimmerman, B.G., Bergen, F.H. van: Adrenergic responses in canine cutaneous vasculature during acute hemorrhagic hypotension. Amer. J. Physiol. 228, 752–755 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lindmar, R., DeSantis, V.P.: The significance of noradrenaline and adrenaline as adrenergic transmitters in the chicken. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 282, R58 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindmar, R., Löffelholz, K., Muscholl, E.: Unterschiede zwischen Tyramin und Dimethylphenylpiperazin in der Ca++-Abhängigkeit und im zeitlichen Verlauf der Noradrenalin-Freisetzung am isolierten Kaninchenherzen. Experientia (Basel) 23, 933–934 (1967a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindmar, R., Löffelholz, K., Muscholl, E.: A muscarinic mechanism inhibiting the release of noradrenaline from peripheral adrenergic nerve fibres by nicotinic agents. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 32, 280–294 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lindmar, R., Muscholl, E.: Die Wirkung von Cocain, Guanethidin, Reserpin, Hexamethonium, Tetracain und Psicain auf die Noradrenalin-Freisetzung aus dem Herzen. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 242, 214–227 (1961)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lindmar, R., Muscholl, E., Sprenger, E.: Funktionelle Bedeutung der Freisetzung von Dihydroxyephedrin und Dihydroxypseudoephedrin als „falschen“ sympathischen Überträgerstoffen am Herzen. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 256, 1–25 (1967b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ljung, B., Åblad, B., Dahlöf, C., Henning, M., Hultberg, E.: Impaired vasoconstrictor nerve function in spontaneously hypertensive rats after long-term treatment with propranolol and metroprolol. Blood Vessels 12, 311–315 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K.: Untersuchungen über die Noradrenalin-Freisetzung durch Acetylcholin am perfundierten Kaninchenherzen. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 258, 108–122 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K.: Autoinhibition of nicotinic release of noradrenaline from postganglionic sympathetic nerves. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 267, 49–63 (1970a)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K.: Nicotinic drugs and postganglionic sympathetic transmission. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 267, 64–73 (1970b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K.: Muscarinic inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission. Gordon Conference on Catecholamines, Andover, New Hampshire (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K., Lindmar, R., Muscholl, E.: Der Einfluß von Atropin auf die Noradrenalin-Freisetzung durch Acetylcholin. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 257, 308 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K., Muscholl, E.: A muscarinic inhibition of the noradrenaline release evoked by postganglionic sympathetic nerve stimulation. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 265, 1–15 (1969)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Löffelholz, K., Muscholl, E.: Inhibition by parasympathetic nerve stimulation of the release of the adrenergic transmitter. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 267, 181–184 (1970)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Long, J.P., Heintz, S., Cannon, J.G., Kim, J.: Inhibition of the sympathetic nervous system by 5,6-dihydroxy-2-dimethylamino tetralin (M-7), apomorphine and dopamine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 192, 336–342 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Luchelli-Fortis, M.A., Langer, S.Z.: Selective inhibition by hydrocortisone of 3H-normetanephrine formation during 3H-transmitter release elicited by nerve stimulation in the isolated nerve-muscle preparation of the cat nictitating membrane. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 287, 261–275 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Malik, K.U., Ling, G.M.: The effect of 1,1-dimethyi-4-phenylpiperazinium on the response of mesenteric arteries to sympathetic nerve stimulation. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 21, 514–519 (1969a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malik, K.U., Ling, G.M.: Modification by acetylcholine of the response of rat mesenteric arteries to sympathetic stimulation. Circulat. Res. 25, 1–9 (1969b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malik, K.U., McGiff, J.C.: Modulation by prostaglandins of adrenergic transmission in the isolated perfused rabbit and rat kidney. Circulat. Res. 36, 599–609 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malik, K.U., Nasjletti, A.: Facilitation of adrenergic transmission by locally generated angiotensin II in rat mesenteric arteries. Circulat. Res. 38, 26–30 (1976)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Malméjac, J.: Action of adrenaline on synaptic transmission and on adrenal medullary secretion. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 130, 497–512 (1955)

    Google Scholar 

  • McCubbin, J.W., Page, I.H.: Renal pressor system and neurogenic control of arterial pressure. Circulat. Res. 12, 553–559 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch, M.W., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Inhibition of 3H-noradrenaline release from sympathetic nerves of guinea-pig atria by a presynaptic α-adrenoceptor mechanism. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 46, 523–524P (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • McCulloch, M.W., Rand, M.J., Story, D.F.: Evidence for a dopaminergic mechanism for modulation of adrenergic transmission in the rabbit ear artery. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 49, 141–142P (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Miele, E.: Lack of effect of prostaglandins E1 and F on adreno-medullary catecholamine secretion evoked by various agents. In: Mantegazza, P., Horton, E.W. (eds.), Prostaglandins, Peptides and Amines, pp. 85–93. London-New York: Academic Press 1969

    Google Scholar 

  • Moawad, A., Hedqvist, P., Bygdeman, M.: Noradrenaline release following nerve stimulation and its modification by prostaglandin E2 in human and rabbit oviduct. Acta physiol. scand. 95, 142–144 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Montel, H., Starke, K.: Effects of narcotic analgesics and their antagonists on the rabbit isolated heart and its adrenergic nerves. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 49, 628–641 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montel, H., Starke, K., Taube, H.D.: Morphine tolerance and dependence in noradrenaline neurones of the rat cerebral cortex. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 288, 415–426 (1975a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montel, H., Starke, K., Taube, H.D.: Influence of morphine and naloxone on the release of noradrenaline from rat cerebellar cortex slices. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 288, 427–433 (1975b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montel, H., Starke, K., Taube, H.D.: Narcotic analgesics and central noradrenaline neurones. An in vitro study. In: Abstracts of the symposium Acute Effects of Narcotic Analgesics, Nokkala, Finland, 1975c, pp. 45–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Montel, H., Starke, K., Weber, F.: Influence of morphine and naloxone on the release of noradrenaline from rat brain cortex slices. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 283, 357–369 (1974a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montel, H., Starke, K., Weber, F.: Influence of fentanyl, levorphanol and pethidine on the release of noradrenaline from rat brain cortex slices. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 283, 371–377 (1974b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Morishita, H., Furukawa, T.: Possible mechanisms involved in the depressor response to dopamine. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 212, 317–327 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mujić, M., Rossum, J.M. van: Comparative pharmacodynamics of sympathomimetic imidazolines; studies on intestinal smooth muscle of the rabbit and the cardiovascular system of the cat. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 155, 432–449 (1965)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Mullin, W.J., Phillis, J.W., Pinsky, C.: Morphine enhancement of acetylcholine release from the brain in unanaesthetized cats. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 22, 117–119 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Musacchio, J.M.: Enzymes involved in the biosynthesis and degradation of catecholamines. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Handbook of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 3, pp. 1–35. New York-London: Plenum Press 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E.: Release of catecholamines from the heart. In: Mechanisms of Release of Biogenic Amines, pp. 247–260. Oxford: Pergamon Press 1966

    Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E.: Cholinomimetic drugs and release of the adrenergic transmitter. In: Schumann, H.J., Kroneberg, G. (eds.), New Aspects of Storage and Release Mechanisms of Catecholamines, pp. 168–186. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E.: Regulation of catecholamine release. The muscarinic inhibitory mechanism. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 537–542. New York: Pergamon Press 1973a

    Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E.: Muscarinic inhibition of the norepinephrine release from peripheral sympathetic fibres. In: Pharmacology and the Future of Man. Proc. 5th Int. Congr. Pharmacol., Vol. 4, pp. 440–457. Basel: Karger 1973b

    Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E.: Introduction. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Meeting on Adrenergic Mechanisms, Porto, 1973c, pp. 33–39

    Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E., Maître, L.: Release by sympathetic stimulation of α-methylnoradrenaline stored in the heart after administration of α-methyldopa. Experientia (Basel) 19, 658–659 (1963)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Muscholl, E., Ritzel, H., Rössler, K.: The time course of noradrenaline release caused by high potassium-low sodium solution. Effects of methacholine or decrease of the calcium ion concentration. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 248 P (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Mylecharane, E.J., Raper, C.: Further studies on the adrenergic neuron blocking activity of some β-adrenoceptor antagonists and guanethidine. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 25, 213–220 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nedergaard, O.A., Bevan, J.A.: Nicotine and nicotine monomethiodide induced potentiation of adrenergic neuroeffector transmission in a blood vessel. In: Abstr. 4th Int. Congr. Pharmacol., Basel, 1969a, p. 144

    Google Scholar 

  • Nedergaard, O.A., Bevan, J.A.: Effects of nicotine, dimethylphenylpiperazinium and cholinergic blocking agents at adrenergic nerve endings of the rabbit pulmonary artery. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 168, 127–136 (1969b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nedergaard, O.A., Schrold, J.: Release of 3H-noradrenaline from incubated and superfused rabbit pulmonary artery. Acta physiol. scand. 89, 296–305 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Needleman, P., Douglas, J.R., Jakschik, B., Stoecklein, P.B., Johnson, E.M.: Release of renal prostaglandin by catecholamines: Relationship to renal endocrine function. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 188, 453–460 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nishi, S.: Cholinergic and adrenergic receptors at sympathetic preganglionic nerve terminals. Fed. Proc. 29, 1957–1965 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Noon, J.P., Roth, R.H.: Some physiological and pharmacological characteristics of the stimulus induced release of norepinephrine from the rabbit superior cervical ganglion. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 291, 163–174 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • North, R.A., Henderson, G.: Action of morphine on guinea-pig myenteric plexus and mouse vas deferens studied by intracellular recording. Life Sci. 17, 63–66 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Nueten, J.M. van, Janssen, P.A.J., Fontaine, J.: Unexpected reversal effects of naloxone on the guinea pig ileum. Life Sci. 18, 803–809 (1976)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Otten, U., Mueller, R.A., Thoenen, H.: Effect of hypophysectomy on cAMP changes in rat adrenal medulla evoked by catecholamines and carbamylcholine. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 289, 157–170 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paalzow, G., Paalzow, L.: Clonidine antinociceptive activity: Effects of drugs influencing central monoaminergic and cholinergic mechanisms in the rat. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 119–126 (1976)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paalzow, L.: Analgesia produced by clonidine in mice and rats. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 361–363 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Pacha, W., Salzmann, R.: Inhibition of the re-uptake of neuronally liberated noradrenaline and α-receptor blocking action of some ergot alkaloids. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 38, 439–440P (1970)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pacha, W., Salzmann, R., Scholtysik, G.: Inhibitory effects of clonidine and BS 100–141 on responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation in cats and rabbits. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 53, 513–516 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Panisset, J.C.: Cholinergic effects of angiotensin and bradykinin. Advanc. exp. Med. Biol. 2, 620–625 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Panisset, J.C., Bourdois, P.: Effect of angiotensin on the response to noradrenaline and sympathetic nerve stimulation, and on 3H-noradrenaline uptake in cat mesenteric blood vessels. Canad. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 46, 125–131 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Park, M.K., Dyer, D.C., Vincenzi, F.F.: Prostaglandin E2 and its antagonists: Effects on autonomic transmission in the isolated sino-atrial node. Prostaglandins 4, 717–730 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paton, D.M.: Mechanism of K+-induced release of cytoplasmic noradrenaline from adrenergic nerves. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 55, 247P (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Paton, D.M. (ed.): The Mechanism of Neuronal and Extraneuronal Transport of Catecholamines. New York: Raven Press 1976

    Google Scholar 

  • Paton, W.D.M.: The action of morphine and related substances on contraction and on acetylcholine output of coaxially stimulated guinea-pig ileum. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 12, 119–127 (1957)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Paton, W.D.M., Thompson, J.W.: The mechanism of action of adrenaline on the superior cervical ganglion of the cat. Proc. XIXth Int. Congr. Physiol. Sci., Montreal, 1953, pp. 664–665

    Google Scholar 

  • Paton, W.D.M., Vizi, E.S.: The inhibitory action of noradrenaline and adrenaline on acetylcholine output by guinea-pig ileum longitudinal muscle strip. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 35, 10–28 (1969)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peach, M.J.: Stimulation of release of adrenal catecholamine by adenosine 3′∶5′-cyclic monophosphate and theophylline in the absence of extracellular Ca2+. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci. (Wash.) 69, 834–836 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Peach, M.J., Bumpus, F.M., Khairallah, P.A.: Inhibition of norepinephrine uptake in hearts by angiotensin II and analogs. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 167, 291–299 (1969)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peach, M.J., Ober, M.: Inhibition of angiotensin-induced adrenal catecholamine release by 8-substituted analogs of angiotensin II. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 190, 49–58 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peskar, B., Hertting, G.: Release of prostaglandins from isolated cat spleen by angiotensin and vasopressin. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 279, 227–234 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poisner, A.M.: Direct stimulant effect of aminophylline on catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla. Biochem. Pharmacol. 22, 469–476 (1973a)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poisner, A.M.: Caffeine-induced catecholamine secretion: Similarity to caffeine-induced muscle contraction. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 142, 103–105 (1973b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Poisner, A.M.: Mechanisms of exocytosis. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 477–482. New York: Pergamon Press 1973c

    Google Scholar 

  • Poisner, A.M., Douglas, W.W.: The need for calcium in adrenomedullary secretion evoked by biogenic amines, polypeptides, and muscarinic agents. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 123, 62–64 (1966)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Polak, R.L.: Stimulating action of atropine on the release of acetylcholine by rat cerebral cortex in vitro. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 41, 600–606 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Porte, D., Robertson, R.P.: Control of insulin secretion by catecholamines, stress, and the sympathetic nervous system. Fed. Proc. 32, 1792–1796 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Potter, W.P. de, Chubb, I.W., Put, A., Schaepdryver, A.F. de: Facilitation of the release of noradrenaline and dopamine-β-hydroxylase at low stimulation frequencies by α-blocking agents. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 193, 191–197 (1971)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Poyart, C.F., Papayoanou, J., Nahas, G.G.: Effet de l'ouabaine et de 1'A.M.P. cyclique sur le débit en catécholamines de la surrénale isolée. J. Physiol. (Paris) 60, Suppl., 523 (1968)

    Google Scholar 

  • Price, M.T.C., Fibiger, H.C.: Ascending catecholamine systems and morphine analgesia. Brain Res. 99, 189–193 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rahwan, R.G., Borowitz, J.L., Miya, T.S.: The role of intracellular calcium in catecholamine secretion from the bovine adrenal medulla. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 184, 106–118 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rand, M.J., Hope, W., McCulloch, M.W., Story, D.F.: Interaction of pimozide with prejunctional dopamine receptors in the rabbit ear artery. Clin. exp. Pharmacol. Physiol. 2, 439–440 (1975a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Rand, M.J., Story, D.F., Allen, G.S., Glover, A.B., McCulloch, M.W.: Pulse-to-pulse modulation of noradrenaline release through a prejunctional α-receptor auto-inhibitory mechanism. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 579–581. New York: Pergamon Press 1973

    Google Scholar 

  • Rand, M.J., Story, D.F., McCulloch, M.W.: Inhibitory feedback modulation of adrenergic transmission. Clin. exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., Suppl. 2, 21–26 (1975b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rand, M.J., Varma, B.: The effects of cholinomimetic drugs on responses to sympathetic nerve stimulation and noradrenaline in the rabbit ear artery. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 38, 758–770 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rasmussen, H.: Cell communication, calcium ion, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate. Science 170, 404–412 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Regoli, D., Park, W.K., Rioux, F.: Pharmacology of angiotensin. Pharmacol. Rev. 26, 69–123 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Reit, E.: Actions of angiotensin on the adrenal medulla and autonomic ganglia. Fed. Proc. 31, 1338–1343 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, J.A., Woods, E.F.: Release of norepinephrine from the isolated heart. Proc. Soc. exp. Biol. (N.Y.) 100, 149–151 (1959)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robson, R.D., Antonaccio, M.J.: Effect of clonidine on responses to cardiac nerve stimulation as a function of impulse frequency and stimulus duration in vagotomized dogs. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 29, 182–186 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rochette, L., Bralet, A.M., Bralet, J.: Influence de la clonidine sur la synthèse et la libération de la noradrénaline dans différentes structures cérébrales du rat. J. Pharmacol. (Paris) 5, 209–220 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rosell, S., Kopin, I.J., Axelrod, J.: Fate of H3-noradrenaline in skeletal muscle before and following sympathetic stimulation. Amer. J. Physiol. 205, 317–321 (1963)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, G.: Effects of intracoronary infusions of acetylcholine and nicotine on the dog heart in vivo. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 48, 612–619 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roth, R.H.: Action of angiotensin on adrenergic nerve endings: Enhancement of norepinephrine biosynthesis. Fed. Proc. 31, 1358–1364 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Roth, R.H., Hughes, J.: Acceleration of protein synthesis by angiotensin-Correlation with angiotensin's effect on catecholamine biosynthesis. Biochem. Pharmacol. 21, 3182–3187 (1972)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rubin, R.P.: The role of calcium in the release of neurotransmitter substances and hormones. Pharmacol. Rev. 22, 389–428 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Salt, P.J.: Inhibition of noradrenaline uptake2 in the isolated rat heart by steroids, clonidine and methoxylated phenylethylamines. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 20, 329–340 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Salzmann, R., Pacha, W., Taeschler, M., Weidmann, H.: The effect of ergotamine on humoral and neuronal actions in the nictitating membrane and spleen of the cat. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. exp. Path. 261, 360–378 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Samuelsson, B., Wennmalm, Å.: Increased nerve stimulation induced release of noradrenaline from the rabbit heart after inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Acta physiol. scand. 83, 163–168 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanders, K.M., Ross, G.: Inhibition of in vivo neural vasoconstriction by exogenous catecholamines. Blood Vessels 12, 13–20 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sanner, J.: Prostaglandin inhibition with a dibenzoxazepine hydrazide derivative and morphine. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 180, 396–406 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sasa, M., Munekiyo, K., Takaori, S.: Morphine interference with noradrenaline-mediated inhibition from the locus coeruleus. Life Sci. 17, 1373–1380 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schaumann, W.: Inhibition by morphine of the release of acetylcholine from the intestine of the guinea-pig. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 12, 115–118 (1957)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schaumann, W.: Zusammenhänge zwischen der Wirkung der Analgetica und Sympathicomimetica auf den Meerschweinchen-Dünndarm. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 233, 112–124 (1958)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scheel-Krüger, J., Braestrup, C., Nielsen, M.: Feedback regulation of brain noradrenaline synthesis and release in vivo after treatment with amphetamines and tricyclic antidepressant drugs. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 227–234. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, H., Schmitt, H.: α-Sympathomimetic drugs with centrally mediated hypotensive effect. In: Abstr. 4th Int. Congr. Pharmacol., Basel, 1969, pp. 315–316

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmitt, H., Schmitt, H., Fenard, S.: Evidence for an α-sympathomimetic component in the effects of catapresan on vasomotor centres: Antagonism by piperoxane. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 14, 98–100 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scholtysik, G., Lauener, H., Eichenberger, E., Bürki, H., Salzmann, R., Müller-Schweinitzer, E., Waite, R.: Pharmacological actions of the antihypertensive agent N-amidino-2-(2,6-dichlorophenyl)acetamide hydrochloride (BS 100–141). Arzneimittelforsch. 25, 1483–1491 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schümann, H.J.: Discussion. In: Schümann, H.J., Kroneberg, G. (eds.), New Aspects of Storage and Release Mechanisms of Catecholamines, p. 210. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1970

    Google Scholar 

  • Schümann, H.J., Philippu, A.: Untersuchungen zum Mechanismus der Freisetzung von Brenzcatechinaminen durch Tyramin. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 241, 273–280 (1961)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schümann, H.J., Starke, K., Werner, U.: Interactions of inhibitors of noradrenaline uptake and angiotensin on the sympathetic nerves of the isolated rabbit heart. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 39, 390–397 (1970a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Schümann, H.J., Starke, K., Werner, U., Hellerforth, R.: The influence of angiotensin on the uptake of noradrenaline by the isolated heart of the rabbit. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 22, 441–446 (1970b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Schulz, R., Cartwright, C.: Effect of morphine on serotonin release from myenteric plexus of the guinea pig. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 190, 420–430 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Scriabine, A., Stavorski, J.M.: Effect of clonidine on cardiac acceleration in vagotomized dogs. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 24, 101–104 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Scriabine, A., Stavorski, J., Wenger, H.C., Torchiana, M.L., Stone, C.A.: Cardiac slowing effects of clonidine (ST-155) in dogs. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 171, 256–264 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Seeman, P., Lee, T.: Antipsychotic drugs: Direct correlation between clinical potency and presynaptic action on dopamine neurons. Science 188, 1217–1219 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Serck-Hanssen, G.: Effects of theophylline and propranolol on acetylcholine-induced release of adrenal medullary catecholamines. Biochem. Pharmacol. 23, 2225–2234 (1974)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Severs, W.B., Daniels-Severs, A.E.: Effects of angiotensin on the central nervous system. Pharmacol. Rev. 25, 415–449 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Severs, W.B., Summy-Long, J., Daniels-Severs, A., Connor, J.D.: Influence of adrenergic blocking drugs on central angiotensin effects. Pharmacol. 5, 205–214 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sheys, E.M., Green, R.D.: A quantitative study of alpha adrenergic receptors in the spleen and aorta of the rabbit. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 180, 317–325 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Simantov, R., Snyder, S.H.: Isolation and structure identification of a morphine-like peptide “enkephalin” in bovine brain. Life Sci. 18, 781–788 (1976)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sjöstrand, N.O.: A note of the dual effect of prostaglandin E1 on the responses of the guinea-pig vas deferens to nerve stimulation. Experientia (Basel) 28, 431–432 (1972)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sjöstrand, N.O.: Effects of acetylcholine and some other smooth muscle stimulants on the electrical and mechanical responses of the guinea-pig vas deferens to nerve stimulation. Acta physiol. scand. 89, 1–9 (1973a)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sjöstrand, N.O.: Effects of adrenaline, noradrenaline and isoprenaline on the electrical and mechanical responses of the guinea-pig vas deferens to nerve stimulation. Acta physiol. scand. 89, 10–18 (1973b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Sjöstrand, N.O., Swedin, G.: On the mechanism of the enhancement by smooth muscle stimulants of the motor responses of the guinea-pig vas deferens to nerve stimulation. Acta physiol. scand. 90, 513–521 (1974)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Slotkin, T.A., Anderson, T.R.: Chronic morphine administration alters epinephrine uptake in rat adrenal storage vesicles. Neuropharmacol. 14, 159–161 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A.D., Potter, W.P. de, Moerman, E.J., Schaepdryver, A.F. de: Release of dopamine-β-hydroxylase and chromogranin A upon stimulation of the splenic nerve. Tissue Cell 2, 547–568 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smith, A.D., Winkler, H.: Fundamental mechanisms in the release of catecholamines. In: Blaschko, H., Muscholl, E. (eds.), Catecholamines. Handbuch der experimentellen Pharmakologie, Vol. 33, pp. 538–617. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York: Springer 1972

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorimachi, M., Oesch, F., Thoenen, H.: Effects of colchicine and cytochalasin B on the release of 3H-norepinephrine from guinea-pig atria evoked by high potassium, nicotine and tyramine. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 276, 1–12 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Interactions of angiotensin and cocaine on the output of noradrenaline from isolated rabbit hearts. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 265, 383–386 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Influence of α-receptor stimulants on noradrenaline release. Naturwissenschaften 58, 420 (1971a)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Action of angiotensin on uptake, release and metabolism of 14C-noradrenaline by isolated rabbit hearts. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 14, 112–123 (1971b)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Alpha sympathomimetic inhibition of adrenergic and cholinergic transmission in the rabbit heart. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 274, 18–45 (1972a)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Influence of extracellular noradrenaline on the stimulation-evoked secretion of noradrenaline from sympathetic nerves: Evidence for an α-receptor-mediated feed-back inhibition of noradrenaline release. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 275, 11–23 (1972b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Beziehungen zwischen dem Renin-Angiotensin-System und dem vegetativen Nervensystem. Klin. Wschr. 50, 1069–1081 (1972c)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Influence of phenylephrine and orciprenaline on the release of noradrenaline. Experientia (Basel) 29, 579–580 (1973a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K.: Regulation of catecholamine release: α-Receptor mediated feed-back control in peripheral and central neurones. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.), Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 561–565. New York: Pergamon Press 1973b

    Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Altmann, K.P.: Inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission by clonidine: An action on prejunctional α-receptors. Neuropharmacol. 12, 339–347 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Borowski, E., Endo, T.: Preferential blockade of presynaptic α-adrenoceptors by yohimbine. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 34, 385–388 (1975a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Endo, T., Taube, H.D.: Relative pre-and postsynaptic potencies of α-adrenoceptor agonists in the rabbit pulmonary artery. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 291, 55–78 (1975b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Endo, T., Taube, H.D., Borowski, E.: Presynaptic receptor systems on noradrenergic nerves. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 193–200. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975c

    Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Görlitz, B.D., Montel, H., Schümann, H.J.: Local α-adrenoceptor mediated feed-back inhibition of Catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla? Experientia (Basel) 30, 1170–1171 (1974a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Sympathomimetic inhibition of noradrenaline release: Mediated by prostaglandins? Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 278, 111–116 (1973a)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Alpha-receptor-mediated modulation of transmitter release from central noradrenergic neurones. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 279, 53–60 (1973b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Interaction between indomethacin, oxymetazoline and phentolamine on the release of (3H)noradrenaline from brain slices. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 25, 758–759 (1973c)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Involvement of α-receptors in clonidine-induced inhibition of transmitter release from central monoamine neurones. Neuropharmacol. 12, 1073–1080 (1973d)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Influence of drugs with affinity for alfa-adrenoceptors on noradrenaline release by potassium and tyramine. In: Proceedings of the 2nd Meeting on Adrenergic Mechanisms, Porto, 1973e, pp. 53–54

    Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Lokale Rückkopplungssteuerungen der Noradrenalinfreisetzung als mögliche Angriffspunkte antihypertensiver Pharmaka. Therapiewoche 23, 4263–4264 (1973f)

    Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H.: Influence of drugs with affinity for α-adrenoceptors on noradrenaline release by potassium, tyramine and dimethylphenylpiperazinium. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 27, 273–280 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H., Gayk, W., Merker, R.: Comparison of the effects of clonidine on pre-and postsynaptic adrenoceptors in the rabbit pulmonary artery. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 285, 133–150 (1974b)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H., Schümann, H.J.: Influence of cocaine and phenoxybenzamine on noradrenaline uptake and release. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 270, 210–214 (1971a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Montel, H., Wagner, J.: Effect of phentolamine on noradrenaline uptake and release. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 271, 181–192 (1971b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Schümann, H.J.: Interactions of angiotensin, phenoxybenzamine and propranolol on noradrenaline release during sympathetic nerve stimulation. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 18, 27–30 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Wagner, J., Schümann, H.J.: Adrenergic neuron blockade by clonidine: Comparison with guanethidine and local anesthetics. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 195, 291–308 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Werner, U., Hellerforth, R., Schümann, H.J.: Influence of peptides on the output of noradrenaline from isolated rabbit hearts. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 9, 136–140 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Starke, K., Werner, U., Schümann, H.J.: Wirkung von Angiotensin auf Funktion und Noradrenalinabgabe isolierter Kaninchenherzen in Ruhe und bei Sympathicusreizung. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 265, 170–186 (1969)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinsland, O.S., Furchgott, R.F.: Desensitization of the adrenergic neurons of the isolated rabbit ear artery to nicotinic agonists. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 193, 138–148 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinsland, O.S., Furchgott, R.F., Kirpekar, S.M.: Inhibition of adrenergic neurotransmission by parasympathomimetics in the rabbit ear artery. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 184, 346–356 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Steinsland, O.S., Nelson, S.H.: “Alpha-adrenergic” inhibition of the response of the isolated rabbit ear artery to brief intermittent sympathetic nerve stimulation. Blood Vessels 12, 378–379 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stitzel, R.E., Robinson, R.L., Stevens, P.: Effects of Ba++ and aminophylline on the release of 3H-ATP, ATP and catecholamines from bovine adrenal glands. Fed. Proc. 32, 784 Abs (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Enhancement by indomethacin of cold-induced hypersecretion of noradrenaline in the rat in vivo — by suppression of PGE mediated feed-back control? Acta physiol. scand. 86, 388–397 (1972a)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Prostaglandin E restricting noradrenaline secretion — neural in origin? Acta physiol. scand. 86, 574–576 (1972b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Alpha-adrenoceptor mediated feed-back control of sympathetic neurotransmitter secretion in guinea-pig vas deferens. Nature New Biol. (Lond.) 241, 190–191 (1973a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Kinetics of secretion of sympathetic neurotransmitter as a function of external calcium: Mechanism of inhibitory effect of prostaglandin E. Acta physiol. scand. 87, 428–430 (1973b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Lack of correlation between profiles of transmitter efflux and of muscular contraction in response to nerve stimulation in isolated guinea-pig vas deferens. Acta physiol. scand. 88, 137–144 (1973c)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Uncompetitive character of inhibition by prostaglandin E2 of the enhancing effect of α-adrenoceptor blocking drug on noradrenaline secretion in isolated guinea-pig vas deferens. Acta physiol. scand. 89, 278–282 (1973d)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Michaelis-Menten kinetics of secretion of sympathetic neurotransmitter as a function of external calcium: Effect of graded alpha-adrenoceptor blockade. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 278, 323–327 (1973e)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Inhibitory effect of prostaglandin E2 on noradrenaline secretion from sympathetic nerves as a function of external calcium. Prostaglandins 3, 105–109 (1973f)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Dual alpha-adrenoceptor mediated control of secretion of sympathetic neurotransmitter: one mechanism dependent and one independent of prostaglandin E. Prostaglandins 3, 111–116 (1973g)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Comparison of secretion of sympathetic neurotransmitter induced by nerve stimulation with that evoked by high potassium, as triggers of dual alpha-adrenoceptor mediated negative feed-back control of noradrenaline secretion. Prostaglandins 3, 421–426 (1973h)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Role of alpha-adrenoceptors in prostaglandin E mediated negative feedback control of the secretion of noradrenaline from the sympathetic nerves of isolated guinea-pig vas deferens. Prostaglandins 4, 845–851 (1973i)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Frequency dependence of dual negative feedback control of secretion of sympathetic neurotransmitter in guinea-pig vas deferens. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 49, 358–360 (1973k)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Prostaglandinversus α-adrenoceptor-mediated control of sympathetic neurotransmitter secretion in guinea-pig isolated vas deferens. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 22, 233–238 (1973l)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Mechanisms of catecholamine secretion. Dual feedback control of sympathetic neuro-transmitter secretion; role of calcium. In: Usdin, E., Snyder, S.H. (eds.). Frontiers in Catecholamine Research, pp. 491–496. New York: Pergamon Press 1973m

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Stereoselectivity of presynaptic α-adrenoceptors involved in feedback control of sympathetic neurotransmitter secretion. Acta physiol. scand. 90, 286–288 (1974)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Basic mechanisms and local feedback control of secretion of adrenergic and cholinergic neurotransmitters. In: Iversen, L.L., Iversen, S.D., Snyder, S.H. (eds.): Handbook of Psychopharmacology, Vol. 6, pp. 179–233. New York-London: Plenum Press 1975a

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Selectivity for catecholamines of presynaptic alpha-receptors involved in feedback control of sympathetic neurotransmitter secretion in guinea-pig vas deferens. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 288, 295–303 (1975b)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Pre-and post-junctional receptor-mediated cholinergic interactions with adrenergic transmission in guinea-pig vas deferens. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 288, 305–310 (1975c)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Clonidine enhances the secretion of sympathetic neurotransmitter from isolated guinea-pig tissues. Acta physiol. scand. 93, 142–144 (1975d)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Rate limiting factors in sympathetic neurotransmitter secretion. Acta physiol. scand. 93, 220–227 (1975e)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L.: Relative importance of calcium and cyclic AMP for noradrenaline secretion from sympathetic nerves of guinea-pig vas deferens and for prostaglandin E-induced depression of noradrenaline secretion. Neurosci. 1, 19–22 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L., Brundin, J.: Dual adrenoceptor-mediated control of noradrenaline secretion from human vasoconstrictor nerves: Facilitation by β-receptors and inhibition by α-receptors. Acta physiol. scand. 94, 139–141 (1975a)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L., Brundin, J.: Affinity of noradrenaline and dopamine for neural α-receptors mediating negative feedback control of noradrenaline secretion in human vasoconstrictor nerves. Acta physiol. scand. 95, 89–94 (1975b)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L., Gripe, K.: Prostaglandin-dependent and-independent feedback control of noradrenaline secretion in vasoconstrictor nerves of normotensive human subjects. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 280, 441–446 (1973)

    Google Scholar 

  • Stjärne, L., Wennmalm, Å.: Quantitative estimation of secretion and reuptake of adrenergic transmitter in the rabbit heart. Acta physiol. scand. 81, 286–288 (1971)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Story, D.F., Allen, G.S., Glover, A.B., Hope, W., McCulloch, M.W., Rand, M.J., Sarantos, C.: Modulation of adrenergic transmission by acetylcholine. Clin. exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., Suppl. 2, 27–33 (1975)

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Strait, M.R., Bhatnagar, R.K.: Inhibition of norepinephrine release elicited by nerve stimulation by an analog of apomorphine. Fed. Proc. 34, 740 Abs (1975)

    Google Scholar 

  • Strömbom, U.: Catecholamine receptor agonists. Effects on motor activity and rate of tyrosine hydroxylation in mouse brain. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 167–176 (1976)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Struyker Boudier, H., Boer, J. de, Smeets, G., Lien, E.J., Rossum, J. van: Structure activity relationships for central and peripheral alpha adrenergic activities of imidazoline derivatives. Life Sci. 17, 377–385 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Su, C., Bevan, J.A.: The release of H3-norepinephrine in arterial strips studied by the technique of superfusion and transmural stimulation. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 172, 62–68 (1970a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Su, C., Bevan, J.A.: Blockade of the nicotine-induced norepinephrine release by cocaine, phenoxy-benzamine and desipramine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 175, 533–540 (1970b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Summers, R.J., Blakeley, A.G.H.: The effects of piperoxan (933F) on uptake of noradrenaline and overflow of transmitter in the isolated blood perfused cat spleen. In: Abstr. 6th Int. Congr. Pharmacol., Helsinki, 1975, p. 491

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutherland, E.W., Robison, G.A., Butcher, R.W.: Some aspects of the biological role of adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate (cyclic AMP). Circulation 37, 279–306 (1968)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, T.H., Bunney, B.S., Aghajanian, G.K.: Inhibition of both noradrenergic and serotonergic neurons in brain by the α-adrenergic agonist clonidine. Brain Res. 92, 291–306 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Svensson, T.H., Trolin, G.: Brain noradrenaline neurons: Drugs affecting impulse flow, transmitter turnover and blood pressure. In: Almgren, O., Carlsson, A., Engel, J. (eds.), Chemical Tools in Catecholamine Research, Vol. 2, pp. 119–125. Amsterdam-Oxford: North-Holland 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Swedin, G.: Studies on neurotransmission mechanisms in the rat and guinea-pig vas deferens. Acta physiol. scand., Suppl. 369 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Sweet, C.S., Ferrario, C.M., Khosla, M.C., Bumpus, F.M.: Antagonism of peripheral and central effects of angiotensin II by (1-sarcosine, 8-isoleucine)angiotensin II. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 185, 35–41 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Szerb, J.C.: The effect of morphine on the adrenergic nerves of the isolated guinea-pig jejunum. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 16, 23–31 (1961)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Szerb, J.C.: Lack of effect of morphine in reducing the release of labelled acetylcholine from brain slices stimulated electrically. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 29, 192–194 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Szerb, J.C., Somogyi, G.T.: Depression of acetylcholine release from cerebral cortical slices by choliaesterase inhibition and by oxotremorine. Nature New Biol. (Lond.) 241, 121–122 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Taube, H.D., Endo, T., Bangerter, A., Starke, K.: Presynaptic receptor systems on the noradrenergic nerves of the rabbit pulmonary artery. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 293, R2 (1976)

    Google Scholar 

  • Taube, H.D., Montel, H., Hau, G., Starke, K.: Phencyclidine and ketamine: Comparison with the effect of cocaine on the noradrenergic neurones of the rat brain cortex. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 291, 47–54 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Terenius, L., Wahlström, A.: Morphine-like ligand for opiate receptors in human CSF. Life Sci. 16, 1759–1764 (1975)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Teschemacher, H., Opheim, K.E., Cox, B.M., Goldstein, A.: A peptide-like substance from pituitary that acts like morphine. 1. Isolation. Life Sci. 16, 1771–1775 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thoa, N.B., Woolen, G.F., Axelrod, J., Kopin, I.J.: On the mechanism of release of norepinephrine from sympathetic nerves induced by depolarizing agents and sympathomimetic drugs. Molec. Pharmacol. 11, 10–18 (1975)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thoenen, H., Hürlimann, A., Haefely, W.: Dual site of action of phenoxybenzamine in the cat's spleen: Blockade of α-adrenergic receptors and inhibition of re-uptake of neurally released norepinephrine. Experientia (Basel) 20, 272–273 (1964a)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thoenen, H., Hürlimann, A., Haefely, W.: Wirkungen von Phenoxybenzamin, Phentolamin und Azapetin auf adrenergische Synapsen der Katzenmilz. Helv. physiol. pharmacol. Acta 22, 148–161 (1964b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thoenen, H., Hürlimann, A., Haefely, W.: The effect of angiotensin on the response to postganglionic sympathetic stimulation of the cat spleen; lack of facilitation of norepinephrine liberation. Med. Pharmacol. exp. 13, 379–387 (1965)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thoenen, H., Hüerlimann, A., Haefely, W.: Interaction of phenoxybenzamine with guanethidine and bretylium at the sympathetic nerve endings of the isolated perfused spleen of the cat. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 151, 189–195 (1966a)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thoenen, H., Tranzer, J.P., Hürlimann, A., Haefely, W.: Untersuchungen zur Frage eines cholinergischen Gliedes in der postganglionären sympathischen Transmission. Helv. physiol. pharmacol. Acta 24, 229–246 (1966b)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Thornburg, J.E., Blake, D.E.: Effects of morphine on 5-hydroxytryptamine uptake by rat brain striatal slices. Fed. Proc. 30, 501 Abs (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  • Toda, N., Hojo, M., Sakae, K., Usui, H.: Comparison of the relaxing effect of dopamine with that of adenosine, isoproterenol and acetylcholine in isolated canine coronary arteries. Blood Vessels 12, 290–301 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, J.P., Schlapfer, W.T., Woodson, P.B.J., Barondes, S.H.: Morphine and related compounds: Evidence that they decrease available neurotransmitter in Aplysia californica. Brain Res. 81, 107–118 (1974)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trendelenburg, P.: Physiologische und pharmakologische Versuche über die Dünndarmperistaltik. Arch. exp. Path. Pharmakol. 81, 55–129 (1917)

    Google Scholar 

  • Trendelenburg, U.: The action of morphine on the superior cervical ganglion and on the nictitating membrane of the cat. Brit. J. Pharmacol. 12, 79–85 (1957)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trendelenburg, U.: Supersensitivity and subsensitivity to sympathomimetic amines. Pharmacol. Rev. 15, 225–276 (1963)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Trendelenburg, U.: Some aspects of the pharmacology of autonomic ganglion cells. Ergebn. Physiol. 59, 1–85 (1967)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vanhoutte, P.M.: Inhibition by acetylcholine of adrenergic neurotransmission in vascular smooth muscle. Circulat. Res. 34, 317–326 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vanhoutte, P.M., Lorenz, R.R., Tyce, G.M.: Inhibition of norepinephrine-3H release from sympathetic nerve endings in veins by acetylcholine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 185, 386–394 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vanhoutte, P.M., Verbeuren, T.J.: Inhibition of norepinephrine release in vascular smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Due to hyperpolarization of adrenergic nerve endings? Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 213, 332–333 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vargas, O., Miranda, R., Orrego, F.: Effects of sodium-deficient media and of a calcium ionophore (A-23187) on the release of (3H)-noradrenaline, (14C)-α-aminoisobutyrate, and (3H)-γ-aminobuty-rate from superfused slices of rat neocortex. Neurosci. 1, 137–145 (1976)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vizi, S.E.: The role of Na+-K+-activated ATP-ase in transmitter release: acetylcholine release from basal ganglia and its inhibition by dopamine and noradrenaline. In: Frigyesi, T.L. (ed.), Subcortical Mechanisms and Sensorimotor Activities, pp. 63–87. Bern-Stuttgart-Vienna: Hans Huber 1975

    Google Scholar 

  • Vizi, S.E., Knoll, J.: The effects of sympathetic nerve stimulation and guanethidine on parasympathetic neuroeffector transmission; the inhibition of acetylcholine release. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 23, 918–925 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Vizi, E.S., Rónai, A.Z., Knoll, J.: The inhibitory effect of dopamine on acetylcholine release. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 285, R89 (1974)

    Google Scholar 

  • Vizi, E.S., Somogyi, G.T., Hadházy, P., Knoll, J.: Effect of duration and frequency of stimulation on the presynaptic inhibition by α-adrenoceptor stimulation of the adrenergic transmission. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 280, 79–91 (1973)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vogel, S.A., Silberstein, S.D., Berv, K.R., Kopin, I.J.: Stimulation-induced release of norepinephrine from rat superior cervical ganglia in vitro. Europ. J. Pharmacol. 20, 308–311 (1972)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wagner, J., Endoh, M., Reinhardt, D.: Stimulation by phenylephrine of adrenergic alpha-and beta-receptors in the isolated perfused rabbit heart. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 282, 307–310 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Waterfield, A.A., Kosterlitz, H.W.: Stereospecific increase by narcotic antagonists of evoked acetyl-choline output in guinea-pig ileum. Life Sci. 16, 1787–1792 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wennmalm, Å.: Quantitative evaluation of release and reuptake of adrenergic transmitter in the rabbit heart. Acta physiol. scand. 82, 532–538 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wennmalm, Å.: Prostaglandin release and mechanical performance in the isolated rabbit heart during induced changes in the internal environment. Acta physiol. scand. 93, 15–24 (1975)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wennmalm, Å., Hedqvist, P.: Prostaglandin E1 as inhibitor of the sympathetic neuroeffector system in the rabbit heart. Life Sci. 9, I, 931–937 (1970)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wennmalm, Å., Hedqvist, P.: Inhibition by prostaglandin E1 of parasympathetic neurotransmission in the rabbit heart. Life Sci. 10, I, 465–470 (1971)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Werner, U., Starke, K., Schümann, H.J.: Wirkungen von Clonidin (ST 155) und BAY a 6781 auf das isolierte Kaninchenherz. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 266, 474–475 (1970)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werner, U., Starke, K., Schumann, H.J.: Actions of clonidine and 2-(2-methyl-6-ethyl-cyclohexylamino)-2-oxazoline on postganglionic autonomic nerves. Arch. int. Pharmacodyn. 195, 282–290 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Werner, U., Wagner, J., Schümann, H.J.: Beeinflussung der Noradrenalinabgabe aus isolierten Kaninchenherzen durch β-Adrenolytica unter sympathischer Nervenreizung. Naunyn-Schmiedebergs Arch. Pharmakol. 268, 102–113 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C.: Effect of nicotine and other drugs on the release of 3H-norepinephrine and 3H-dopamine from rat brain slices. Neuropharmacol. 13, 693–700 (1974a)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C.: Effect of muscarinic agonists on the release of 3H-norepinephrine and 3H-dopamine by potassium and electrical stimulation from rat brain slices. Life Sci. 14, 1641–1652 (1974b)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C., Besson, M.J., Giorguieff, M.F., Glowinski, J.: The role of presynaptic receptors in the release and synthesis of 3H-dopamine by slices of rat striatum. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 292, 279–287 (1976)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C., Brasted, M.: The mechanism of action of nicotine on adrenergic neurons in the perfused guinea-pig heart. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 182, 409–418 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C., Brasted, M.: Effect of 4,4′-biphenylenebis-[(2-oxoethylene)-bis-(2,2-diethoxyethyl)]dimethylammonium dibromide (DMAE) on accumulation and nicotine-induced release of norepinephrine in the heart. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 184, 198–204 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C., Brasted, M.: Specificity of blockade of the nicotine-induced release of 3H-norepinephrine from adrenergic neurons of the guinea-pig heart by various pharmacological agents. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 189, 659–664 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Westfall, T.C., Hunter, P.E.: Effect of muscarinic agonists on the release of (3H) noradrenaline from the guinea-pig perfused heart. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 26, 458–460 (1974)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Wooten, G.F., Thoa, N.B., Kopin, I.J., Axelrod, J.: Enhanced release of dopamine β-hydroxylase and norepinephrine from sympathetic nerves by dibutyryl cyclic adenosine 3′,5′-monophosphate and theophylline. Molec. Pharmacol. 9, 178–183 (1973)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yaksh, T.L., Yamamura, H.I.: Blockade by morphine of acetylcholine release from the caudate nucleus in the mid-pontine pretrigeminal cat. Brain Res. 83, 520–524 (1975)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Yoshizaki, T.: Effect of histamine, bradykinin and morphine on adrenaline release from rat adrenal gland. Jap. J. Pharmacol. 23, 695–699 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Younkin, S.G.: An analysis of the role of calcium in facilitation at the frog neuromuscular junction. J. Physiol. (Lond.) 237, 1–14 (1974)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G.: Effect of acute sympathectomy on responses to angiotensin and norepinephrine. Circulat. Res. 11, 780–787 (1962)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G.: Blockade of adrenergic potentiating effect of angiotensin by 1-Sar-8-Ala-angiotensin II. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 185, 486–492 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G., Gisslen, J.: Pattern of renal vasoconstriction and transmitter release during sympathetic stimulation in presence of angiotensin and cocaine. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 163, 320–329 (1968)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G., Gomer, S.K., Liao, J.C.: Action of angiotensin on vascular adrenergic nerve endings: facilitation of norepinephrine release. Fed. Proc. 31, 1344–1350 (1972)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G., Liao, J.C., Gisslen, J.: Effect of phenoxybenzamine and combined administration of iproniazid and tropolone on catecholamine release elicited by renal sympathetic nerve stimulation. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 176, 603–610 (1971)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G., Ryan, M.J., Gomer, S., Kraft, E.: Effect of the prostaglandin synthesis inhibitors indomethacin and eicosa-5,8,11,14-tetraynoic acid on adrenergic responses in dog cutaneous vasculature. J. Pharmacol. exp. Ther. 187, 315–323 (1973)

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zimmerman, B.G., Whitmore, L.: Effect of angiotensin and phenoxybenzamine on release of norepinephrine in vessels during sympathetic nerve stimulation. Int. J. Neuropharmacol. 6, 27–38 (1967)

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zwieten, P.A. van: Antihypertensive drugs with a central action. Progr. Pharmacol. 1, 1–63 (1975)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 Springer-Verlag

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Starke, K. (1977). Regulation of noradrenaline release by presynaptic receptor systems. In: Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology. Reviews of Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, vol 77. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0050157

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0050157

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-07963-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-37998-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics