Skip to main content

Exploring annotated 3D environments on the World Wide Web

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNCS,volume 1326))

Abstract

The long-term goal of combining virtual reality and the Internet is to create networked multi-user simulations of virtual environments. The Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML) represents a limited but significant step towards this goal by creating a standard data file format for representing 3D scene information, together with hyperlinks for associating it with other types of Web documents. The recent adoption of the VRML-2.0 standard, which extends VRML-1.0 to add behaviors, will bring this goal closer, but much work remains to be done. This chapter gives a brief summary of VRML and then describes two significant projects currently under development based on i3D, a high-performance VRML browser developed by one of the authors. The first of these, currently being used at the European Laboratory for Particle Physics (CERN), uses an annotated virtual environment to visualize and walk through the physical design of the new Lepton-Hadron Collider (LHC) before it is built. The second project, “Virtual Sardinia”, allows the user to tour a 3D terrain visualization of the island and access historic and tourist information through hyperlinks.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. F. P. Brooks Jr and P. Frederick: Walkthrough — A Dynamic Graphics System for Simulating Virtual Buildings, Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Workshop on Interactive 3D Graphics (1986): 9–22.

    Google Scholar 

  2. J.-F. Balaguer and E. Gobbetti: A New Dimension to Hypermedia. http://www.crs4.it/ 3diadm/(1995).

    Google Scholar 

  3. J.-F. Balaguer and E. Gobbetti: i3D: A High-Speed 3D Web Browser. Proc. ACM Symposium on VRML (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  4. T. J. Berners-Lee, R. Cailliau, J.-F. Groff, and B. Pollermann: World Wide Web: The Information Universe. Electronic Networking: Research, Applications, and Policy 2(1) (1992): 52–58.

    Google Scholar 

  5. S. Bryson, R. Pausch, W. Robinett W, and A. van Dam: Implementing Virtual Reality. ACM SIGGRAPH Course Notes 43 (1993).

    Google Scholar 

  6. T. A. Funkhouser and C. H. Séquin, Adaptive Display Algorithms for Interactive Frame Rates During Visualization of Complex Virtual Environments. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH (1994): 247–254.

    Google Scholar 

  7. S. Ghee and J. Naughton-Green, Programming Virtual Worlds. ACM SIGGRAPH Tutorial Notes on Programming Virtual Worlds (1994): 6.1–6.58.

    Google Scholar 

  8. E. Gobbetti, A. Leone, A. Marini: Virtual Sardinia: a hypermedia fly-through with real data. Proc. International Workshop on Soft Computing in Remote Sensing Data Analysis, Milan (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  9. J. D. Mackinlay, S. Card, and G. Robertson: Rapid Controlled Movement Through a Virtual 3D Workspace. Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH (1990): 171–176.

    Google Scholar 

  10. MicrosoftCorporation: ActiveVRML White Paper. http://www.microsoft.com/intdev/avr/avwhite.htm(1995).

    Google Scholar 

  11. T. Munzner: An Experiment in Three-Dimensional Distributed Hypermedia. The Geometry Center, University of Minnesota (1995).

    Google Scholar 

  12. M. Pesce, P. Kennard, A. Parisi: Cyberspace. Proc. First International World Wide Web Conference (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  13. M. Phillips, S. Levy, and T. Munzner: Geomview User Manual. The Geometry Center, University of Minnesota (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  14. A. Parisi, M. Pesce:Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML). http://www.wired.com/vrml/(1994).

    Google Scholar 

  15. A. Parisi, M. Pesce: Virtual Reality Markup Language (VRML) Working Specification. http://vrml.wired. com/vrml/(1994).

    Google Scholar 

  16. M. Preston, N. Gatenby, W. T. Hewitt: The Manchester Scene Description Language (MSDL) Version 1.01. http://info.mcc.ac.uk/CGU/MSDL/MSDL-intro.html(1994).

    Google Scholar 

  17. J. Rohlf and J. Helman: Performer: A High Performance Multiprocessing Toolkit for Real-Time 3D Graphics. Proc. SIGGRAPH (1994): 381–395.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Silicon Graphics Inc.: The Moving Worlds Proposal for VRML 2.0. http://vebspace.sgi.com/moving-worlds/(1996).

    Google Scholar 

  19. P. S. Strauss and R. Carey: An Object-Oriented 3D Graphics Toolkit. Proc. SIGGRAPH (1992): 341–347.

    Google Scholar 

  20. I. Sutherland: The Ultimate Display. Proc. IFIP 2 (1965): 506–508.

    Google Scholar 

  21. C.Tollander:CyberspaceDescriptionFormat (CDF). http://vrml.wired.com/proposals/cdf/cdf.html(1994).

    Google Scholar 

  22. C. Upson, T. Fulhauber, D. Kamins, D. Laidlaw, D. Schlegel, J. Vroom, R. Gurwitz, and A. van Dam A: The Application Visualization System: A Computational Environment for Scientific Visualization, IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications 9(4) (1989): 30–42.

    Google Scholar 

  23. V. Watson: A Breakthrough for Experiencing and Understanding Simulated Physics, ACM SIGGRAPH Course Notes on State of the Art in Data Visualization (1989): IV.26–IV.32.

    Google Scholar 

  24. C. Ware, and B. Osborne, Exploration and Virtual Camera Control in Virtual Three Dimensional Environments, Proc. ACM SIGGRAPH Workshop on Interactive 3D Graphics (1990): 175–183.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Webspace... because the World is not Flat! http://www.webspace.com/

    Google Scholar 

  26. WebOOGL: Integrating 3D graphics and the Web. http://www.geom.umn.edu/software/weboogi/

    Google Scholar 

  27. SDSC WebView-AVRML Internet Browser. http://www.sdsc.edu/EnablingTech/Visualization/vrml/webview.html

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Charles Nicholas James Mayfield

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Gobbetti, E., Turner, R. (1997). Exploring annotated 3D environments on the World Wide Web. In: Nicholas, C., Mayfield, J. (eds) Intelligent Hypertext. WIH WIH 1994 1993. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1326. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0023958

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0023958

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-540-63637-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-540-69622-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics