Abstract
Protocols for synchronizing data streams should be highly adaptive with regard to both changing network conditions as well as to individual user needs. The Adaptive Synchronization Protocol we are going to describe in this paper supports any type of distribution of the stream group to be synchronized. It incorporates buffer level control mechanisms allowing an immediate reaction on overflow or underflow situations. Moreover, the proposed mechanism is flexible enough to support a variety of synchronization policies and allows to switch them dynamically during presentation. Since control messages are only exchanged when the network conditions actually change, the message overhead of the protocol is very low.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
N. Agarwal and S. Son. Synchronization of Distributed Multimedia Data in an Application-Specific Manner. Proc. ACM Multimedia '94, pp. 141–148, 10 1994.
D. Anderson and G. Homsy. Synchronization Policies and Mechanisms in a Continuous Media I/O Server. Report 91/617, UC Berkeley, 2 1991.
A. Campell, G. Coulson, F. Garcia, and D. Hutchison. A Continuous Media Transport and Orchestration Service. Proc. SIGCOMM '92, pp. 99–110, 8 1992.
J. Escobar, C. Partridge, and D. Deutsch. Flow Synchronization Protocol. IEEE Transactions on Networking, 1994.
IBM Corp. Multimedia Presentation Manager Programming Reference and Programming Guide 1.0, IBM Form: S41G-2919-00, S41G-2920-00, 3 1992.
T. Käppner, F. Henkel, M. Müller, and A. Schröer. Synchronisation in einer verteilten Entwicklungs-und Laufzeitumgebung für multimediale Anwendungen. Innovationen bei Rechen-und Kommunikationssystemen, pp. 157–164, 1994.
D. Köhler and H. Müller. Multimedia Playout Synchronization Using Buffer Level Control. Intl. Workshop on Advanced Teleservices and High-Speed Communication Architectures, Heidelberg, Germany, 9 1994.
D. Mills. On the Accuracy and Stability of Clocks Synchronized by the Network Time Protocol in the Internet System. Computer Communications Review, pp. 65–75, 1990.
Postel. Transmission Control Protocol, DARPA Internet Program, Protocol Specification. RFC 793, 9 1981.
S. Ramanathan and V. Rangan. Continuous Media Synchronization in Distributed Multimedia Systems. NOSSDAV '92, 11 1992.
V. Rangan, S. Ramanathan, and T. Käppner. Performance of Inter-media Synchronization in Distributed and Heterogeneous Multimedia Systems. Computer Networks and ISDN Systems, 1993.
K. Rothermel, I. Barth, and T. Helbig. CINEMA — An Architecture for Distributed Multimedia Applications. In Architecture and Protocols for High-Speed Networks, p. 253–271. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1994.
K. Rothermel and T. Helbig. Clock Hierarchies: An Abstraction for Grouping and Controlling Media Streams. To appear in IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications — Synchronization Issues in Multimedia Communications, 1996.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1995 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg
About this paper
Cite this paper
Rothermel, K., Helbig, T. (1995). An Adaptive Stream Synchronization Protocol. In: Little, T.D.C., Gusella, R. (eds) Network and Operating Systems Support for Digital Audio and Video. NOSSDAV 1995. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 1018. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0019268
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0019268
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg
Print ISBN: 978-3-540-60647-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-540-48524-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive