This article is based in part on a series of lectures presented by G. Nicolis at the Advanced School for Statistical Mechanics and Thermodynamics, Austin, Texas, 1970.
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For an overview and recent developments in a biological context, see I. PRIGOGINE, G. NICOLIS, and A. BABLOYANTZ: Physics Today 25 (No. 11) 23 and (No. 12) 38 (1972); I. PRIGOGINE and G. NICOLIS: Quart. Rev. Biophys. 4, 107 (1971).
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(a) For a comprehensive discussion of linear irreversible thermodynamics within the framework of the. local equilibrium assumption, see S. R. DEGROOT and P. MAZUR: Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics (North Holland, Amsterdam, 1962); (b) I. PRIGOGINE: Introduction to Thermodynamics of.Irreversible Processes, 3rd Ed. (Wiley-InterScience, New York, 1967); (c) A. KATCHALSKY and P. F. CURRAN: Nonequilibrium Thermodynamics in Biophysics (Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, Mass., 1965).
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Indeed, in his original work [5] Onsager presented a principle of least dissipation of energy for steady nonequilibrium states. Anticipating later extension to nonlinear irreversible processes, we consider instead an approach based on the theorem of minimum entropy production (due to Prigogine: see Refs. [2];or [3] for details).
P. GLANSDORFF AND I. PRIGOGINE: Physica 20, 773 (1954); ibid, 30, 351 (1964).
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For details and proofs see, e.g., N. MINORSKY: Nonlinear Oscillations (Van Nostrand, Princeton, N. J., 1962).
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A general introductory reference for this chapter is A.L. LEHNINGER: Bioenergetics: The Molecular Basis of Biological Energy Transformations, 2nd Ed. (Benjamin, Menlo Park, Cal., 1971).
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Experimental studies indicate that phosphofructokinase is a tetramer. Qualitatively, however, one expects that the behavior of the PFK scheme is adequately approximated by the dimer model considered in this section.
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A simple example in which the initial regime may be reestablished continuously after a discontinuous transition is discussed by the author in Refs. [13] and [15] (See also Sec. III-C).
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Turner, J.S. (1974). Nonequilibrium thermodynamics, dissipative structures, and biological order. In: Ehlers, J., et al. Lectures in Statistical Physics. Lecture Notes in Physics, vol 28. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0008858
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