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Carbon Footprint and Energy Estimation of the Sugar Industry: An Indian Case Study

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Assessment of Carbon Footprint in Different Industrial Sectors, Volume 2

Part of the book series: EcoProduction ((ECOPROD))

Abstract

The sugar industry plays a vital role in the world’s economy. It also affects the environment directly and indirectly; hence, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission estimation and energy savings in the sugar industry are very important. To improve the efficiency of the plant and analyze the life cycle energy usage and emissions from the sugar industry, a complete Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is needed. A major portion of sugar is produced from sugarcane. Sugar is produced as the main consumable product; molasses and bagasse are byproducts and filter cake is a waste product. These byproducts and waste products are used again for different purposes. The capacity of sugar plants in the present study is 12,000 tons of cane per day in a sugar mill, 60 MW in a cogeneration power plant, and 270 kL per day in a distillery. The LCA mainly focuses on primary energy usage and its externalities. In this chapter, energy usage and GHG emissions from the sugar industry were obtained through an economic input-output model. A comparative analysis of GHG emission has also been carried out using a process chain analysis approach.

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Abbreviations

BOP:

Balance of plant

Cd:

Cadmium

CH4 :

Methane

CMU:

Carnegie Mellon University

CO:

Carbon monoxide

CO2 :

Carbon dioxide

COD:

Chemical oxygen demand

CW:

Circulating-water

EIO:

Economic input-output

EOT:

Electric overhead travelling crane

E&M:

Electromechanical

FCS:

Filtrate clarification system

GHG:

Greenhouse gas

Gm:

Gram

GWP:

Global warming potential

HT:

High tension

I-O:

Input output

IPCC:

International Panel on Climate Change

ISO:

International standard organization

Kg:

Kilogram

kJ:

Kilojoules

klpd:

Kiloliter per day

kWh:

Kilowatt hour

LCA:

Life cycle assessment

LCIA:

Life cycle impact assessment

LT:

Low tension

MCC:

Motor control center

MJ:

Megajoules

MS:

Mild steel

Mt:

Million tons

MW:

Megawatts

NOX :

Nitrogen oxide

OC:

Oliver Campbell

O&M:

Operation and maintenance

PCA:

Process chain analysis

PCC:

Power control center

PPP:

Purchase power parity

SO2 :

Sulfur dioxide

T:

Tons

TCD:

Tons of cane per day

TJ:

Terajoule

TSP:

Total suspended particles

TSS:

Total soluble salts

UASB:

Upflow anaerobic sludge blanket

USDA:

U.S. Department of Agriculture

VFD:

Variable frequency drive

:

Indian Rupees

$:

US Dollar

e:

Electricity

eq:

Equivalent

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Acknowledgements

The authors thankfully acknowledge the authorities of Dhampur Sugar Mills Limited (DSML), Dhampur, Uttar Pradesh, for visiting the sugar industry and providing valuable data.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, 177005, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Varun

  2. Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, 247667, Uttarakhand, India

    Manish Kumar Chauhan

Authors
  1. Varun
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  2. Manish Kumar Chauhan
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Varun .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Eco-design Consultant, Global Sustainability Services, SGS Hong Kong Limited, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR

    Subramanian Senthilkannan Muthu

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Varun, Chauhan, M.K. (2014). Carbon Footprint and Energy Estimation of the Sugar Industry: An Indian Case Study. In: Muthu, S. (eds) Assessment of Carbon Footprint in Different Industrial Sectors, Volume 2. EcoProduction. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-75-0_3

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