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Imaging of Mitochondrial Disorders: A Review

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Advances in Medical Diagnostic Technology

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Bioengineering ((LNBE))

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Abstract

Mitochondria are the main provider of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and help in maintaining optimum calcium homeostasis while also participating in cell death cascades. Hence, the fate of cells depends on the optimum functioning and positioning of the mitochondria. Perturbations to the normal functioning of these organelles play a central role in a wide range of mitochondrial diseases, which affect multiple organs with varying severity. Due to this heterogeneity, multiple diagnostic modalities including combinations of clinical, biochemical, and structural criteria have been developed. Imaging techniques such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) have been particularly useful in the diagnosis of mitochondrial diseases at the level of the organ as the central nervous system (CNS) is the second most frequently affected organ, while imaging via microscopy is crucial to detect changes in mitochondria at the cellular level. This review provides a detailed overview of the application of imaging modality in the diagnosis of mitochondrial disorders, from the organ to the cellular level.

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Ong, SB. (2014). Imaging of Mitochondrial Disorders: A Review. In: Advances in Medical Diagnostic Technology. Lecture Notes in Bioengineering. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-72-9_5

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