Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Fault Ride-Through Criteria Development

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Renewable Energy Integration

Part of the book series: Green Energy and Technology ((GREEN))

Abstract

Wind energy integration into transmission systems has been accelerated by establishing robust grid codes relevant to the network. Fault Ride-Through (FRT) criteria is one of them, which requires generation to stay connected to transmission system under certain operational voltage envelope. Development of the criterion is a specialized task which will take into account existing grid characteristics, network history and generation response towards voltage and frequency disturbances. This chapter will outline a detailed systematic methodology for achieving FRT criteria through a set of analysis involving contingency analysis, static and dynamic scenario based system assessment. The uniqueness of this chapter is to present a case study for a grid having a high percentage of the generation through renewable energy and has HVDC connected island based transmission grid. Each island sub-system separated by HVDC link is pre-dominant with non-uniform distribution of generation units and load centres. Therefore, two different FRT criteria are found to be effective for this power systems network. None of the reported criteria in prevailing networks have introduced similar approach before. New Zealand power system has similar characteristics and has been utilized for this case study. FRT criteria development has been in practice but the current context has not been published in articles or books and hence the motivation for this book chapter.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Ackermann T (2006) Wind power in power systems. Wind Eng 30(5):447–449

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Jauch C et al (2007) Simulation of the impact of wind power on the transient fault behavior of the Nordic power system. Electr Power Syst Res 77(2):135–144

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Sørensen P et al (2003) Simulation and verification of transient events in large wind power installations. Denmark, Risø National Laboratory

    Google Scholar 

  4. Thiringer T, Petersson A, Petru T (2003) Grid disturbance response of wind turbines equipped with induction generator and doubly-fed induction generator. In: Proceddings of the IEEE power engineering society general meeting

    Google Scholar 

  5. Eltra (2000) Specification for connecting wind farms to the transmission network, In: Proceedings of the Eltra doc. no. 74174, Eltra, Denmark

    Google Scholar 

  6. Grid code regulations for high and extra high voltage Report ENENARHS (2006) E.ON. Netz Gmbh Germany. p 46

    Google Scholar 

  7. Erlich I, Bachmann U (2005) Grid code requirements concerning connection and operation of wind turbines in Germany. In: Proceedings of the IEEE power engineering society general meeting

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kalsi SS et al (2009). Enhancement of wind farm electrical system with a superconducting dynamic synchronous condenser. In: Proceedings of the european wind energy conference (EWEC)

    Google Scholar 

  9. Huan-ping L, Jin-ming Y (2009) The performance research of large scale wind farm connected to external power grid. In: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on power electronics systems and applications

    Google Scholar 

  10. Chompoo-inwai C et al (2005) Reactive compensation techniques to improve the ride-through capability of wind turbine during disturbance. IEEE Trans Ind Appl 41(3):666–672

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Rathi MR, Mohan N (2005) A novel robust low voltage and fault ride through for wind turbine application operating in weak grids. In: Proceedings of the 31st annual conference of IEEE industrial electronics society

    Google Scholar 

  12. Zhan C, Barker CD (2006) Fault ride-through capability investigation of a doubly-fed induction generator with an additional series-connected voltage source converter. In: Proceedings of the 8th IEE international conference on AC and DC power transmission

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bing X, Fox B, Flynn D (2004) Study of fault ride-through for DFIG based wind turbines. In: Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE international conference on electric utility deregulation, restructuring and power technologies

    Google Scholar 

  14. Morren J, de Haan SWH (2005) Ridethrough of wind turbines with doubly-fed induction generator during a voltage dip. IEEE Trans Energy Convers 20(2):435–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Jayanti NG et al (2006) Optimising the rating of the UPQC for applying to the fault ride through enhancement of wind generation. In: Proceedings of the 41st international universities power engineering conference

    Google Scholar 

  16. Seman S, Niiranen J, Arkkio A (2006) Ride-through analysis of doubly fed induction wind-power generator under unsymmetrical network disturbance. IEEE Trans Power Syst 21(4):1782–1789

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Hansen AD, Michalke G (2007) Fault ride-through capability of DFIG wind turbines. Renewable Energy 32(9):1594–1610

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Dittrich A, Stoev A (2005) Comparison of fault ride-through strategies for wind turbines with DFIM generators. In: Proceedings of the european conference on power electronics and applications

    Google Scholar 

  19. Erlich I,Winter W, Dittrich A (2006) Advanced grid requirements for the integration of wind turbines into the German transmission system. In: Proceedings of the IEEE power engineering society general meeting

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kasem AH et al (2008) An improved fault ride-through strategy for doubly fed induction generator-based wind turbines. IET Renew Power Gener 2(4):201–214

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Tsili M, Papathanassiou S (2009) A review of grid code technical requirements for wind farms. IET Renew Power Gener 3(3):308–332

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Wind Farms in New Zealand (2012) Available from http://www.windenergy.org.nz/. Accessed 30 Oct 2012

  23. Electricity Authority New Zealand (2012) Available from http://www.ea.govt.nz. Accessed 1 Nov 2012

  24. Bublat T (2008) Comparison of high technical demands on grid connected wind turbines defined in international grid codes. In: Proceedings of the european wind energy conference, Brussels, Belgium

    Google Scholar 

  25. Generator Fault Ride Through (FRT) Investigation—Stage 1: Literature Review (2009) Feburary 2009, System Operator, Transpower NZ Ltd

    Google Scholar 

  26. Demler GL (2009) Generator Fault Ride Through (FRT) Investigation—Stage 2. May 2009, System Operator, Transpower New Zealand Ltd

    Google Scholar 

  27. Wind Turbine Manufacturer Wind Flow (2013) Available from http://www.windflow.co.nz/. Accesssed 26 Jan 2013

  28. Nutt S (2010) Wind generation compliance with South Island frequency limits In: Proceedings of the New Zealand wind energy conference, Palmerston North, New Zealand

    Google Scholar 

  29. Upper South Island Voltage Stability Study—Information Collation (2008) April 2008, Sinclair Knight Mertz

    Google Scholar 

  30. Transmission Code-TP.DG 25.01, Section 6.7 (2009) Transpower NZ Ltd, December 2009

    Google Scholar 

  31. Auckland Voltage Stability Study—Information Collation (2005) March 2005, Sinclair Knight Mertz

    Google Scholar 

  32. Wellington Voltage Stability Study—Information Collation (2008) October 2008, Sinclair Knight Mertz

    Google Scholar 

  33. New Zealand Inter Island HVDC Pole 3-Project Contract Document (2009) Transpower NZ Ltd, October 2009. Vol 2(Chapter 5): p Clauses 6.1.4 and 8.3.1.4

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Auckland, 38 Princes Street, Building 303, Science Centre, 1142, Auckland, New Zealand

    Nirmal-Kumar C. Nair & Waqar A. Qureshi

Authors
  1. Nirmal-Kumar C. Nair
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Waqar A. Qureshi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nirmal-Kumar C. Nair .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Griffith School of Engineering, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia

    Jahangir Hossain

  2. Electrical & Electronics Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, Victoria, Australia

    Apel Mahmud

Appendices

Appendix A

Table 3A-1 North Island contingencies
Full size table
Table 3A-2 South Island contingencies
Full size table

Appendix B

North Island Power Systems Diagram

South Island Power Systems Diagram

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Nair, NK.C., Qureshi, W.A. (2014). Fault Ride-Through Criteria Development. In: Hossain, J., Mahmud, A. (eds) Renewable Energy Integration. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-27-9_3

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-27-9_3

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-4585-26-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-4585-27-9

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation