Abstract
The basic rule of sp-orbital hybridization of oxygen, the d x cooperativity, and the known density enabled solution to the size, separation, structure order, symmetry, and mass density discrepancies simultaneously with neither assumption nor approximation. Solution reconciles the O:H–O length symmetrization under compression, O–O separation change at skins and at cooling. Water prefers the monophase of the fluctuated, tetrahedrally coordinated structure with supersolid skin that consists of molecules with fewer than four neighbors. Coulomb repulsion between adjacent oxygen atoms dictates the relaxation of the O:H–O bond, which is responsible for the anomalies of water and ice.
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Sun, C.Q. (2014). Molecular Size, Separation, Packing Order, and Density. In: Relaxation of the Chemical Bond. Springer Series in Chemical Physics, vol 108. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-21-7_38
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-4585-21-7_38
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