Climate Change and Climate Models

Abstract

The uncontrolled extraction of natural resources, non-moderated growth in industrial activities, destruction of natural forest and water bodies followed by the rising demand for water and energy from the ever growing population to sustain their livelihood as well as luxury and the recent technological advancements has increased the stress on water resources of most of the countries in the World. The use of fossil fuel has increased many fold compared to the earlier decades and as a result amount of green house gas in the atmosphere has increased. The greenhouse gases or GHG is responsible for raising atmospheric temperature. It also prevents the escape of heat from the earth crust. Thus increase in GHG concentration can cause global warming or cooling. The warming or cooling of atmosphere will certainly influence the regular climatic pattern. The change in climatic pattern will induce abnormality in the precipitation as well as evaporation patterns of any region which will again impose variations in the available volumes of freshwater. To predict the future climate and also to analyze the impact of climate change on different natural resources some models have been prepared which are classified under Global Circulation Model (GCM) and Regional Circulation Model (RCM). The former can predict global and the latter can predict the regional climate. Intergovernmental Panel of Climate Change (IPCC) utilizes this model and some scenarios to predict the impact of climate change for different probable situations into which the situation of the future earth may be evolved. The IPCC has predicted the impact for all over the World and has published a report known as Fourth Assessment Report.