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Stress Protectant Secondary Metabolites and their Metabolic Engineering to Enhance Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants

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In vitro Plant Breeding towards Novel Agronomic Traits

Abstract

Plants produce huge numbers of secondary metabolites, which play many essential roles in their adaptation to the changing environment and during abiotic stresses, such as drought, temperature, salinity, etc. Major classes of secondary metabolites, such as isoprenoids, carotenoids, and flavonoids, exhibited potential of abiotic stress tolerance. Synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites markedly increased during abiotic stress to cope with harsh abiotic stress conditions, suggesting a tight link between secondary metabolite accumulation and tolerance of plants to abiotic stresses. Therefore, abiotic stress tolerance of plants can be enhanced by manipulating the synthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites. Metabolic engineering approaches have been very useful to manipulate biosynthesis and accumulation of secondary metabolites such as isoprenoids, carotenoids, and flavonoids and plant hormones, such as abscisic acid. In the past few years, metabolic engineering of secondary metabolic pathways to confer abiotic stress tolerance has been successfully performed in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), S. europaea, and Brassica (Brassica napus). The present chapter highlights roles of abiotic stress-protecting secondary metabolites and discusses progresses and prospects of metabolic engineering of secondary metabolite biosynthesis to enhance abiotic stress tolerance of plants.

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Acknowledgment

Corresponding author of this article is grateful to Dr. Ashok Kumar Chauhan, Founder President, and Atul Chauhan, Chancellor, Amity University, Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India, for providing necessary support and facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Bioscience, Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Shri Ramswaroop Memorial University, Barabanki, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Gurminder Kaur

  2. Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Deepak Ganjewala

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  1. Gurminder Kaur
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  2. Deepak Ganjewala
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Jharkhand, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India

    Manoj Kumar

  2. Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India

    Annamalai Muthusamy

  3. Himalayan School of Biosciences, Swami Rama Himalayan University Jolly Grant, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India

    Vivek Kumar

  4. School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, Delhi, India

    Neera Bhalla-Sarin

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Kaur, G., Ganjewala, D. (2019). Stress Protectant Secondary Metabolites and their Metabolic Engineering to Enhance Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. In: Kumar, M., Muthusamy, A., Kumar, V., Bhalla-Sarin, N. (eds) In vitro Plant Breeding towards Novel Agronomic Traits. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9824-8_11

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