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Rhizoremediation: A Sustainable Approach to Improve the Quality and Productivity of Polluted Soils

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Phyto and Rhizo Remediation

Part of the book series: Microorganisms for Sustainability ((MICRO,volume 9))

Abstract

Soil contamination is a widespread problem which has been causing deleterious changes in the biology, structure, and also its productivity. Various recalcitrant and xenobiotic compounds, due to rapid pace of anthropogenic activities, have accumulated in soil resulting in its degradation and infertility. In addition to this, persistent nature of these pollutants allows them to enter into the food chain posing serious threats to living beings. Therefore, a holistic and sustainable approach which is ecofriendly, cost-effective, and organic in nature, is the need of the hour. Rhizoremediation is one such method which could obviate the problem of such hazardous compounds from soils. The co-evolutionary relationship between plant and their associated microbiota is being successfully used to reclaim and restore degraded soils without causing any harmful by-products unlike conventional methods. Not only this, application of rhizoremediation technique is also reported to improve soil organic matter (SOM), nutrient cycling, bioavailability of insoluble compounds, which in turn enhances biomass production rendering the soil fertile and productive for better agronomic purposes. Recent advances in genetic engineering and “omics” techniques have further strengthened our knowledge in this area which when exploited in future could be used to alleviate the problem of soil contamination with precision and in shortest possible time. In this way, this green technology along with amalgamation of biotechnological tools could be envisaged as an excellent substitute to chemical and physical methods to remediate contaminated soil making it fertile and productive.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Microbiology, School of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Isha Mishra

  2. Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Naveen Kumar Arora

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  1. Isha Mishra
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  1. Department of Environmental Science, School of Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Naveen Kumar Arora

  2. Department of Environmental Science, School for Environmental Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Narendra Kumar

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Mishra, I., Arora, N.K. (2019). Rhizoremediation: A Sustainable Approach to Improve the Quality and Productivity of Polluted Soils. In: Arora, N., Kumar, N. (eds) Phyto and Rhizo Remediation. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 9. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9664-0_2

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