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Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Tau as a Biomarker for Brain Tauopathy

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Tau Biology

Part of the book series: Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ((AEMB,volume 1184))

Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) tau and phosphorylated tau (ptau) are definite biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). After discovery of presence and increased levels tau in CSF from AD patients using specific ELISA, numerous reports revealed that CSF levels of tau are increased in AD and brain injury, phosphorylated tau are specifically increased in AD. Many large cohort studies also confirmed that natural course of CSF tau and ptau levels initiated from cognitively unimpaired AD stage after longstanding progress of brain Aß amyloidosis. Close correlation with neuroimaging findings of Tau PET and with deterioration of cognitive function domains have been elucidated. CSF tau also increase in neurodegeneration and acute brain injury. Global standardization, assay technology inventions, and research of tau kinetics from brain synthesis and clearance into CSF are developing. Trace amount of plasma p-tau assay are also validated. Development of these studies provide that CSF tau is the biomarker of CNS neurodegeneration and CSF ptau is the specific biomarker of CNS tauopathy. Assays of CSF and plasma tau and ptau are essential tools not only for prediction and diagnosis of AD and but for newly developing disease modified therapies of AD.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Amyloidosis Research Committee Surveys and Research on Special Diseases, the Longevity Science Committee of the Ministry of Health and Welfare of Japan; Scientific Research (C) (18K07385 MS) from the Ministry of Education, Science, and Culture of Japan; the Hirosaki University Institutional Research Grant, and the Center of Innovation Science and Technology-based Radical Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program from the Japan Science and Technology Agency.

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  1. Department of Neurology, Geriatrics Research Institute and Hospital, Maebashi, Japan

    Mikio Shoji

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  1. Mikio Shoji
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Correspondence to Mikio Shoji .

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  1. Department of Life Sciences, Gakushuin University, Tokyo, Japan

    Akihiko Takashima

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    Benjamin Wolozin

  3. University of Lille, INSERM, CHU-Lille, Alzheimer & Tauopathies, LabEx DISTALZ, Lille, France

    Luc Buee

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Shoji, M. (2019). Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Tau as a Biomarker for Brain Tauopathy. In: Takashima, A., Wolozin, B., Buee, L. (eds) Tau Biology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1184. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9358-8_29

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