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An Optimal and Distributed Control Strategy for Charging Plug-in Electrical Vehicles in the Future Smart Grid

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Book cover Plug In Electric Vehicles in Smart Grids

Part of the book series: Power Systems ((POWSYS))

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Abstract

In this chapter, we propose an optimal and distributed control strategy for plug-in electric vehicles’ (PEVs) charging as part of demand response in the smart grid. We consider an electricity market where users have the flexibility to sell back the energy stored in their PEVs or the energy generated from their distributed generators. The smart grid model in this chapter integrates a two-way communication system between the utility company and consumers. A price scheme considering fluctuation cost is developed to encourage consumers to lower the fluctuation in the demand response by charging and discharging their PEVs reasonably. A distributed optimization algorithm based on the alternating direction method of multipliers is applied to solve the optimization problem, in which consumers need to report their aggregated loads only to the utility company, thus ensuring their privacy. Consumers update the scheduling of their loads simultaneously and locally to speed up the optimization computing. We also extend the distributed algorithm to the asynchronous case, where communication loss exists in the smart grid. Using numerical examples, we show that the demand curve is flattened after the optimal PEV charging and load scheduling. We also show the robustness of the proposed method by considering estimation uncertainty on the overall next day load, and also the renewable energy. The distributed algorithms are shown to reduce the users’ daily bills with respect to different scenarios, thus motivating consumers to participate in the proposed framework.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by the International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy and Sustainability (I-CARES) in Washington University in St. Louis, MO, USA.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The Preston M. Green Department of Electrical and System Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, USA

    Zhao Tan, Peng Yang & Arye Nehorai

Authors
  1. Zhao Tan
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  2. Peng Yang
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  3. Arye Nehorai
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Arye Nehorai .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Electrical & Computer Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, West Australia, Australia

    Sumedha Rajakaruna

  2. Electrical and Computer Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, West Australia, Australia

    Farhad Shahnia

  3. Electrical & Computer Engineering, Curtin University, Perth, West Australia, Australia

    Arindam Ghosh

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© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media Singapore

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Tan, Z., Yang, P., Nehorai, A. (2015). An Optimal and Distributed Control Strategy for Charging Plug-in Electrical Vehicles in the Future Smart Grid. In: Rajakaruna, S., Shahnia, F., Ghosh, A. (eds) Plug In Electric Vehicles in Smart Grids. Power Systems. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-302-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-302-6_4

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore

  • Print ISBN: 978-981-287-301-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-981-287-302-6

  • eBook Packages: EnergyEnergy (R0)

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