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Optical and Electronic Processes in Semiconductor Materials for Device Applications

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Excitonic and Photonic Processes in Materials

Part of the book series: Springer Series in Materials Science ((SSMATERIALS,volume 203))

Abstract

In this chapter we consider the important optical and electronic processes which influence the properties of semiconductor photonic devices. Focussing on a number of material systems, we describe semiconductor materials and structures used for light-emitting applications (lasers and LEDs) operating in a wide spectral range from visible to mid-infrared. The main carrier recombination mechanisms in semiconductor devices are discussed and experimental methodologies for measuring and analysing these mechanisms are introduced. Near infra-red (IR) quantum well (QW) lasers are discussed in depth considering several new approaches to overcome fundamental performance issues. Different approaches for the longer wavelength (mid-IR) semiconductor devices are reviewed showing the benefits of different approaches to material and device design where energy efficiency and high temperature operation are the principal concerns. Finally, semiconductor lasers and LEDs for the visible spectral range are briefly introduced in terms of the most important issues related to their performance.

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully appreciate the input of various researchers at the University of Surrey over many years to this activity. In particular, we acknowledge Professor Alf Adams, FRS, for his pioneering activities in developing several of the characterisation techniques discussed here. We also gratefully appreciate the funding that has made this work possible, obtained principally from the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), UK, the Technology Strategy Board (TSB), UK, the European Union Framework programmes and the large number of companies and university groups with whom it has been a pleasure to collaborate with.

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  1. Department of Physics and Advanced Technology Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7XH, UK

    Igor P. Marko & Stephen J. Sweeney

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  1. Igor P. Marko
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Correspondence to Stephen J. Sweeney .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Engineering and IT Faculty of Engn., Health, Science & Env., Charles Darwin University, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia

    Jai Singh

  2. Department of Physics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA

    Richard T. Williams

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Marko, I.P., Sweeney, S.J. (2015). Optical and Electronic Processes in Semiconductor Materials for Device Applications. In: Singh, J., Williams, R. (eds) Excitonic and Photonic Processes in Materials. Springer Series in Materials Science, vol 203. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-131-2_9

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