Abstract
This chapter examines the indicators of poverty and the measurement of these indicators. The authors have examined both the conventional and Islamic perspectives of poverty and the various dimensions of poverty in this chapter. Finally, the trend of poverty has been looked at using the poverty headcount, poverty gap and squared poverty gap indexes within the three regions into which the Muslim world has been categorised.
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Notes
- 1.
The headcount, poverty gap and squared poverty gap (also known as severity of poverty) indices have been developed by James Foster, Joel Greer , and Erik Thorbecke (1984) (FGT).
- 2.
Islamic Relief Worldwide in its paper ‘Definitions of Poverty’. Islamic Relief is an International Islamic Charitable Organisation fighting poverty and sufferings of the world’s poorest people. For further information visit: www.islamic-relief.com
- 3.
This figure is based on estimates made by the CIA. For details, visit the website of CIA World Factbook at https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2173rank.html
- 4.
This figure has been obtained from the National Progress Report on Millennium Development Goals under Nigeria’s Poverty Reduction Paper, IMF.
- 5.
The poverty rates under the various national poverty lines have been obtained from the Millennium Development Goals in UNDP’s Human Development Report 2006.
- 6.
This information can be located under Poverty Indicators, MDG Info 2007. http://uncdf.org/gfld/docs/midpoint-mdg.pdf. It is also available in the World Bank ’s Development Report 2006 Equity and Development, pp. 278–9; 294–5.
- 7.
Yemen Poverty Assessment Report. Volume 1, p. 7. This has been undertaken by The Government of Yemen, in collaboration with the World Bank , the United Nations Development Programme.
- 8.
MDG Info 2007.UNSD_MDG_2007Country Adjusted. Also, available in the World Bank ’s Development Report 2006 Equity and Development, pp. 278–9; 294–5.
- 9.
This figure was obtained from p. 6 of Malaysia’s Household Income Survey in the UNDP’s Monograph entitled Malaysia: Measuring and Monitoring Poverty and Income. Published in 2007 in collaboration with the Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s Department. However, the figure is rounded to 1 decimal place.
- 10.
For details see Africa and the Millennium Development Goals Update 2007. http://www.mdgmonitor.org
References
CIA. (2008). The world fact book. Rank oil production. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world.factbook/rankorder/2173rank.html. Accessed 21 July 2008.
Islamic Relief. (2008). Definitions of poverty. Birmingham: Islamic Relief Worldwide. www.islamic-relief.com. Accessed 17 June 2008.
NationMaster. (2008). Poverty headcount. http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/eco_pov_hea_rat. Accessed 21 July 2008.
World Bank. (1980). Adjustment and growth in the 1980s. World development report. New York: Oxford University Press.
World Bank. (1990). Poverty. World development report. New York: Oxford University Press.
World Bank. (2004). Making services work for poor people. World development report. New York: Oxford University Press.
World Bank. (2006). Equity and development. World development report. New York: Oxford University Press.
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Abdulai, AM., Shamshiry, E. (2014). The Incidence and Trend of Poverty in the Muslim World. In: Linking Sustainable Livelihoods to Natural Resources and Governance. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-053-7_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-287-053-7_4
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