Abstract
In crowded cities, many people feel that driving is a pain: people with bad sense of direction, working professionals who need to attend lots of social engagements, the elderly who are slow to respond all contribute to this feeling. For them, they cannot call a cab during rush hour, the subway is too crowded, bicycles are unsafe, and traffic has become a shared headache for the modern city. With self-driving cars, these troubles can be easily solved. Maybe in the near future, we can call a driverless car to pick us up and deliver us safely to our destination.
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Notes
- 1.
The US Department of Transportation adopted the SAE autonomous driving levels taxonomy.
- 2.
Structured roads refer to roads with fairly standard verges, even surfaces, and clear lane and other markings, for example, highways, urban trunks, and so on.
- 3.
V2X refers to the technology by which a vehicle interacts with the surrounding traffic control system. X could be a vehicle, a traffic light, or other transportation infrastructure, or a cloud database. The ultimate goal is to help the self-driving vehicle master real-time driving information and traffic information.
- 4.
This bill was mainly to amend the 49th Articles of Transportation in the United States Code. The key points are the contents of Chapters 4 (safety standards), 5 (cyber security requirements), and 6 (legal exemptions for self-driving cars).
- 5.
The procedure for the creation of any law in the United States is: First, a bill is proposed by a member of the US Congress. When the bill is passed by Congress, it will be submitted to the President of the United States for approval. Once the bill is approved by the President, it becomes law. When a law is passed, the House of Representatives publishes the content of the law in the United States Code.
- 6.
State-level legislation mainly covers commercial deployment, vehicle network security, and ten other aspects. http://www.ncsl.org/research/transportation/autonomous-vehicles-legislative-database.aspx.
- 7.
Data comes from Google’s annual report provided to California’s Department of Motor Vehicles.
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Tencent Research Institute., CAICT., Tencent AI Lab., Tencent open platform. (2021). Autonomous Driving. In: Artificial Intelligence. Palgrave Macmillan, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-6548-9_5
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