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Application of Nanomaterials in Treatment of Microbial and Viral Infections

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Applications of Nanomaterials in Human Health

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Abstract

The rapid development of drug-resistant issues in pathogenic viral, bacterial, and fungal organisms and the consequent spread of infectious diseases are currently getting serious attention. Nanomaterials are the most capable therapeutic agents to cope with such issues and challenges. The extraordinary physio-chemical properties and remarkable antimicrobial capabilities of nanoparticles have triggered their application in biomedical fields. Nanomaterials from organic and inorganic nature have shown the proficiencies of disrupting microbial cells through different mechanisms. Besides with the direct effect on the microbial cell membrane, DNA, and proteins, these nanomaterials produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) that damage cell components of bacteria and viruses. Presently, a serious danger related with these antimicrobial nanomaterials is their toxicity to human and animal cells. Widespread studies have reported the amount, time, and cell-dependent toxicology of various nanomaterials. But some of them have shown excellent biocompatible properties. In this chapter, the antimicrobial activities of various nanomaterials have been described, exhibiting broad range of biological properties that are highlydependent upon their size, structure, quantity, and binding with receptor cell of different type.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Adeeb Shehzad, Hanan Aldossary & Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi

  2. Basic and Applied Scientific Research Center, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Raheem Shahzad

  3. Department of Biology, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Raheem Shahzad & Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi

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  1. Adeeb Shehzad
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  4. Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi
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Correspondence to Ebtesam A. Al-Suhaimi .

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  1. Department of Stem Cell Biology, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia

    Firdos Alam Khan

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Shehzad, A., Shahzad, R., Aldossary, H., Al-Suhaimi, E.A. (2020). Application of Nanomaterials in Treatment of Microbial and Viral Infections. In: Khan, F. (eds) Applications of Nanomaterials in Human Health. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4802-4_9

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