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Critical Overview of the Subject: Current Scenario and Future Prospects

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Book cover Nanomaterial - Based Biomedical Applications in Molecular Imaging, Diagnostics and Therapy

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Abstract

Nanomaterials (NMs) play a vital role in molecular imaging, disease diagnosis, and therapy because of their unique chemical and physical properties. The importance of nanomaterials in biomedical applications cannot be overlooked as they are the potential carrier and delivery agents of imaging probes, therapeutic drugs, or active biological material to desired target sites. Nanomaterial-based biomedicines have significant advantages over traditional or conventional ones such as better sensitivity, high target specificity, bioavailability, and biodistribution. In this chapter we have given a brief account on the advancements of different types of nanomaterials for their use in the molecular and bioimaging of a number of dreadful diseases including cancers, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. This chapter also gives details on the use of these nanomaterials in disease detection and therapy at the preclinical as well as clinical aspects. Finally, we have concluded with the future outlook for the proper use of these nanomaterials in molecular imaging, diagnostics, and therapy.

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Abbreviations

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

CT:

Computed tomography

GCE:

Glassy carbon electrode

IVDs:

In vitro diagnostics

MAB:

Monoclonal antibody

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MRS:

Magnetic resonance spectroscopy

MWCNTs:

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes

NIR:

Near infrared

NMs:

Nanomaterials

NPs:

Nanoparticles

PA:

Photoacoustic

PDT:

Photodynamic therapy

PEG:

Polyethylene glycol

PET:

Positron emission tomography

PPTT:

Plasmonic photothermal therapy

PTT:

Photothermal therapy

QDs:

Quantum dots

SPECT:

Single-photon emission computed tomography

SPIONs:

Super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

SPR:

Surface plasmon resonance

SWCNTs:

Single-walled carbon nanotubes

UCNPS:

Upconversion nanoparticles

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Acknowledgment

The authors would like to thank the Director of CSIR-IHBT for his constant support and encouragement. AA acknowledges the financial support from CSIR (MLP-201) and DST (GAP-0214; EMR/2016/003027). Pooja and SS would like to acknowledge CSIR for their financial assistance from MLP-0145 and MLP-0141, respectively. The CSIR-IHBT communication number of this manuscript is 4585.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Pooja, Sarthak Sharma, Avnesh Kumari & Amitabha Acharya

  2. Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Avnesh Kumari & Amitabha Acharya

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  1. Biotechnology Division, Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Amitabha Acharya

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Pooja, Sharma, S., Kumari, A., Acharya, A. (2020). Critical Overview of the Subject: Current Scenario and Future Prospects. In: Acharya, A. (eds) Nanomaterial - Based Biomedical Applications in Molecular Imaging, Diagnostics and Therapy. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4280-0_9

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