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Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Their Biocontrol Agents: Current Status and Future Vistas

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Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges

Abstract

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) pose so considerable threats to growing crops in size and quality that the figures reflecting averages of worldwide crop losses annually are staggering. Biological control agents (BCAs) rank high among other PPN management options, given mounting care to lessen application of chemical nematicides with a clear aim at the avoidance of human health hazards and attaining pollution-free environment. Nevertheless, BCAs are frequently slower acting, less effective, and more inconsistent than control normally achieved with chemicals. Therefore, the different groups of BCAs were reviewed herein to identify conditions and practices that affected their use for nematode management and alternatives to maximize their useful applications against PPNs. Various approaches to minimize costs, facilitate availability, optimize application, and enhance efficacy of these BCAs have been discussed. Researchers should further grasp the complex network of interactions among biotic and abiotic factors in intimate contact with these BCAs to maximize their gains via safe and skillful application and advanced technology. Integrated pest management programs in ways that make BCAs complementary or superior to chemical nematicides are highlighted.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported in part by STDF via the US-Egypt Project cycle 17 (No. 172) entitled “Preparing and Evaluating IPM Tactics for Increasing Strawberry and Citrus Production.” This chapter is derived from the Subject Data funded in part by NAS and USAID, and that any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in it are those of the authors alone, and do not necessarily reflect the views of USAID or NAS. The facilities and financial support offered by The National Research Centre via In-house project No. 12050105 entitled “Pesticide Alternatives Against Soil-Borne Pathogens and Pests Attacking Economically Important Solanaceous Crops” are appreciated.

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  1. Plant Pathology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt

    Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad

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  1. Mahfouz M. M. Abd-Elgawad
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  1. Section of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Rizwan Ali Ansari

  2. Section of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Rose Rizvi

  3. Section of Plant Pathology and Nematology, Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India

    Irshad Mahmood

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Abd-Elgawad, M.M.M. (2020). Plant-Parasitic Nematodes and Their Biocontrol Agents: Current Status and Future Vistas. In: Ansari, R., Rizvi, R., Mahmood, I. (eds) Management of Phytonematodes: Recent Advances and Future Challenges. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4087-5_8

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