Skip to main content

An Efficient Layout of Single-Layer Full Adder Using QCA

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Soft Computing: Theories and Applications

Part of the book series: Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing ((AISC,volume 1154))

  • 933 Accesses

Abstract

Quantum cellular automata (QCA) is a new method of computation used in designing of electronic digital circuits at scale of nanometers. QCA has been used to achieve better performance in cell density, high switching speed and low power dissipation. An adder is a very useful component used for designing of arithmetic digital devices. This paper presents a layout of full adder designed on single layer which is efficient in various aspects based on QCA technology proposed. The goal of the research is to minimize the cells used, designed area and delay in designing of full adder based on QCA. The proposed layout of full adder has been efficient in number of cells used, designed area as well as latency in clocks. The proposed layout has been designed using XOR gate and majority voter. The proposed layout of adder consist of 24 cells with an optimized area of 0.016 µm2 and 2-clock phases (~0.125 ps) which shows more efficient from previous work on adders. The layout of full adder has been successfully designed and simulated using QCADesigner-E 2.2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Kim, Y.-B.: Challenges for nanoscale mosfets and emerging nanoelectronics. Trans. Electr. Electron. Mater 11(3), 93–105 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Orlov, A.O., Amlani, I., Bernstein, G.H., Lent, C.S., Snider, G.L.: Realization of a functional cell for quantum-dot cellular automata. Science 277(9), 28–930 (1997)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Tougaw, P.D., Lent, C.S.: Logical devices implemented using quantum cellular automata. J. Appl. Phys. 75(3), 1818–1825 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Lent, C.S., Tougaw, P.D., Porod, W., Bernstein, G.H.: Quantum cellular automata. Nanotechnology 4(1), 49–57 (1993)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Tougaw, P.D., Lent, C.S.: Logical devices implemented using quantum cellular automata. Appl. Phys. 75, 1818–1824 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Lent, C.S.: Bypassing the transistor paradigm. Science 288(5471), 1597–1599 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bahar, A.N., Waheed, S., Hossain, N., Asaduzzaman, M.: A novel 3-input XOR function implementation in quantum dot-cellular automata with energy dissipation analysis. Alexandria Eng. J (2017). http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2017.01.022

  8. Torres, F.S., Wille, R., Niemann, P., Drechsler, R.: An energy-aware model for the logic synthesis of quantum-dot cellular automata. IEEE Trans. Comput.-Aided Design Integr. Circ. Syst. 37(12), 3031–3041 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Roohi, A., Khademolhosseini, H., Sayedsalehi, S., Navi, K.: A symmetric quantum- dot cellular automata design for 5-input majority gate. J. Comput. Electron. 13, 701–708 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Labrado, C., Thapliyal, H.: Design of adder and subtractor circuits in majority-logic based field-coupled QCA nano computing. Electron. Lett. 52(6), 464–466 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Abedi, D., Jaberipur, G., Sangsefidi, M.: Coplanar full adder in quantum-dot cellular automata via clock-zone based crossover. IEEE Trans. Nanotechnol. 14(3), 497–504 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Jaiswal, R., Sasamal, T.N.: Efficient design of full adder and subtractor using 5-input majority gate in QCA. In: Proceedings of Tenth International Conference on Contemporary Computing (IC3), Noida, India (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ramesh, B., Rani, M.A.: Implementation of parallel adders using area efficient quantum dot cellular automata full adder. In: 10th International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Control (ISCO) (2016). https://doi.org/10.1109/isco.2016.7727057

  14. Navi, K., Farazkish, R., Sayedsalehi, S., Rahimi Azghadi, M.: A new quantum-dot cellular automata full-adder. Microelectron. J. 41, 820–826 (2010)

    Google Scholar 

  15. Sadeghi, M., Navi, K., Dolatshahi, M.: A new quantum-dot cellular automata full-adder. In: 5th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT), IEEE, pp. 443–445 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Heikalabad, S.R., Asfestani, M.N., Hosseinzadeh, M.: A full adder structure without cross-wiring in quantum-dot cellular automata with energy dissipation analysis. J. Supercomput. 74(5), 1994–2005 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Mokhtari, D., Rezai, A., Rashidi, H., Rabiei, F., Emadi, S., Karimi, A.: Design of novel efficient full adder circuit for quantum-dot cellular automata. Electron. Energetics 31(2), 279–285 (2018)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nilesh Patidar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this paper

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this paper

Patidar, N., Gupta, N. (2020). An Efficient Layout of Single-Layer Full Adder Using QCA. In: Pant, M., Kumar Sharma, T., Arya, R., Sahana, B., Zolfagharinia, H. (eds) Soft Computing: Theories and Applications. Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, vol 1154. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-4032-5_17

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics