Skip to main content

Framing a Curriculum for the Twenty-First Century Competencies

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Creative Teachers

Part of the book series: Cognitive Science and Technology ((CSAT))

  • 475 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter explores and addresses the key considerations that need to be thoughtfully negotiated in curriculum development. It provides a critical analysis and evaluation of what constitutes twenty-first century competencies, how these are best derived from a cognitive science perspective, and the implications for framing educational aims and outcomes. A core valuation is that while we must frame and enact curriculum to meet the demands of industry and provide employability, there is also a need to accommodate competencies for wider issues of well-being and citizenship. There are concerns that technology—especially Artificial Intelligence—may make employability increasingly difficult for more people, and this will provide a systemic new challenge to twenty-first century curriculum planning and teaching.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 74.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Brynjolfson E, McAfee A (2014) The second machine age: progress and prosperity in a time of brilliant technologies. Norton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Collins A (2017) What’s worth teaching: rethinking curriculum in the age of technology. Teachers College Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Costa AL et al (2016) Cognitive coaching: developing self-directed leaders and learners. Rowman & Littlefield, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Crawley E et al (2007) Rethinking engineering education. Springer, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Darwin C (1859) The origin of species. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/On_the_Origin_of_Species#Publication_and_subsequent_edition. Last accessed 3 Nov 2019

  • Diamond RM (1998) Designing & assessing courses & curricula: a practical guide. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Dweck CS (2006) Mindset: the new psychology of success. Ballantine, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Fogarty R (2009) How to integrate the curricula. Sage, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford M (2015) The rise of the robots: technology and the threat of a jobless future. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Friedman TL (2006) The world is flat. Penguin, UK

    Google Scholar 

  • Fullan M, Langworthy M (2014) A rich seam: how new pedagogies find deep learning. Pearson, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Galbraith JK (1958) The affluent society. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Harari YN (2016) Homo Deus: a brief history of tomorrow. Vintage, Penguin, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Harris S (2010) The moral landscape: how science can determine human values. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hattie J (2009) Visible learning. Routledge, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Hattie J (2012) visible learning for teachers: maximizing impact on learning. Routledge, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Hirst P (1974) Knowledge and the curriculum. Routledge & Kegan Paul, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman D (2012) Thinking fast and slow. Penguin Books, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelly AV (1989) The curriculum: theory and practice. Paul Chapman, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Kurzweil R (2005) The singularity is near: when humans transcend biology. Viking, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Lawton D (1975) Class, culture, and the curriculum. Routledge and Kegan Paul Ltd, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowe C (2017) How Latin develops the mind. https://www.memoriapress.com/articles/latin-develops-mind/. Last accessed 28 Nov 2009

  • McClelland DC (1973) Testing for competence rather than for intelligence. Am Psychol 28:1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Neary M (2014) Curriculum studies in post-compulsory and adult education: a teachers’ and student teachers’ study guide. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Neubauer S et al (2018) The evolution of modern human brain shape. Sci Adv 4(1):waao5961

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino JW, Hilton ML (2012) Education for life and work: developing transferable knowledge and skills in the 21st Century. National Academies Press, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Pinker S (2019) enlightenment now: the case for reason, science, humanism and progress. Penguin, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Polanyi M (1966) The tacit dimension. Peter Smith, Gloucester, Mass

    Google Scholar 

  • Reimers FM, Chung CK (eds) (2016) Teaching and learning for the twenty-first century. Harvard Education Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts

    Google Scholar 

  • Rychen DS, Salganik LH (eds) (2003) Key competencies for a successful life and a well-functioning society. Hogrefe & Huber Publishers, Gottingen

    Google Scholar 

  • Shulman LS (2005) Signature pedagogies in the professions. On professions & professionals (Summer, 2005). Daedalus 134(3):52–59

    Google Scholar 

  • The National Research Council report (2012) Education for life and work:  developing transferable knowledge and skills in the 21st century. 

    Google Scholar 

  • The Towards Defining 21st Century Competencies. The Foundation Document for Discussion, Ontario (2016). https://edugains.ca/resources21CL/About21stCentury/21CL_21stCenturyCompetencies.pdf. Last accessed 24 Nov 2019

  • Tough P (2014) How children succeed: grit, curiosity, and the hidden power of character. Arrow, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Trilling B, Fadel C (2009) 21st century skills: learning for life in our times. John Wiley & Sons, San Francisco, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Wagner T (2010) The global achievement gap. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Willingham DT (2009) Why don’t students like school: a cognitive scientist answers questions about how the mind works and what it means for the classroom. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco

    Google Scholar 

  • Wringe C (1988) Understanding educational aims. HarperCollins, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Young MFD et al (1971) Knowledge and control. Collier-Macmillan, London

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Dennis Sale .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Sale, D. (2020). Framing a Curriculum for the Twenty-First Century Competencies. In: Creative Teachers. Cognitive Science and Technology. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3469-0_7

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics