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Bioremediation of Cultural Heritage: Removal of Organic Substances

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Microbial Biotechnology Approaches to Monuments of Cultural Heritage

Abstract

Cultural heritage (CH) deterioration is the combined effect of environmental factors and biological activities. Microorganisms grow on the art form establishing themselves and utilizing the available sources of carbon and energy. Consequences of these activities are seen in the form of damaged and deteriorating art forms, sometimes completely destroyed. Many methods are available for the cleaning and restoration of the damaged cultural heritage artwork. The use of microorganisms, i.e. biocleaning, amongst these, is the most effective and advantageous. The presence of organic matter in or on the CH, such as paintings, frescos and statues, renders them prone to microbial growth. The source of organic matter may be the activities of microorganisms growing on the art or organic matter used for restoration, for example, glue on paintings, or the composition of the art form itself such as parchment paper. Thus, the growth of microorganisms further degrades the surface of the CH. These artistic pathologies can be treated with help of viable microbial cultures. Selective isolation of non-pathogenic organic matter degraders is the starting point in biorestoration process. The potential of microorganisms for actual bioremediation of deteriorated cultural heritage materials is increasingly being unveiled and is the challenging field of research for aspirants.

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Acknowledgement

The authors are thankful to their respective institutions for encouragement and support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Microbiology, Gogate Jogalekar College, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra, India

    Chanda Parulekar-Berde, Sagar P. Salvi & Prachiti P. Rawool

  2. Department of Chemistry, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Lanja, Maharashtra, India

    Rishikesh R. Surve

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Krishna University, Machilipatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

    P. Veera Brahma Chari

  4. Department of Zoology, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Lanja, Maharashtra, India

    Vikrant B. Berde

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  1. Chanda Parulekar-Berde
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  2. Rishikesh R. Surve
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  3. Sagar P. Salvi
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  4. Prachiti P. Rawool
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  5. P. Veera Brahma Chari
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biotechnology, Eternal University, Sirmour, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Ajar Nath Yadav

  2. Department of Molecular & Cell Biochemistry, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

    Ali Asghar Rastegari

  3. Department of Chemistry & Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia

    Vijai Kumar Gupta

  4. Gopi Nath P.G. College, Veer Bahadur Singh Purvanchal University, Ghazipur, Uttar Pradesh, India

    Neelam Yadav

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Parulekar-Berde, C., Surve, R.R., Salvi, S.P., Rawool, P.P., Chari, P.V.B., Berde, V.B. (2020). Bioremediation of Cultural Heritage: Removal of Organic Substances. In: Yadav, A., Rastegari, A., Gupta, V., Yadav, N. (eds) Microbial Biotechnology Approaches to Monuments of Cultural Heritage. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3401-0_6

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