A Framework to Select Fine Aggregate Alternative Using MCDM Methods

Abstract

Aggregate industry consumes high energy and produces major emissions to the environment. In order to reduce the effects (environmental impact, energy, and resources) caused by conventional materials, various by-products, waste, and recycled materials are used to achieve sustainability in concrete. Assessing the concrete performance based on multiple conflicting attributes is decisive and compelling. It is difficult to choose a fine aggregate alternative among the various materials considering a set of quantitative performance criteria. Hence, the present study utilizes the theories of decision making to prioritize a fine aggregate alternative keeping in view environment and technological aspects. The objective of the present study is to evaluate, compare, and optimize the suitable alternative considering 11 criteria, based on physical and mechanical properties, fresh property, replacement intensity, and cost using Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) and preference selection index (PSI) methods. The findings of the study reveal that the criteria ‘Replacement Intensity (RI)’ influence the material prioritization. Among the identified seven fine aggregate alternatives, in both the methods, the alternative foundry sand has performed better by 116% more than the natural sand. This proved to be the priority among the aggregates investigated. The developed approach facilitates decision-makers in selecting the best alternative.