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Synaptic Modulation in the Effect of Ketamine

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Ketamine

Abstract

Our central nervous system constantly instructs movements, generates recognition, and calculates value and emotion. Constant adaptation to the environment may be achieved by the integration of emotion/reward and recognition. Some diseases of mind may come from failure in making integration adaptive to environment. Neuronal circuits are established by the experience-dependent synaptic plasticity of glutamatergic neurons. Many of such main routes are equipped with the recurrent inhibition by GABAergic interneurons and regulated by monoaminergic modulation representing the reward and emotion. Major depression disease is considered as a state of dysfunction of these circuits which is here referred to as maladaptation. Studies of antidepressant mechanisms of ketamine include how stress induces changes in the original circuit, and how ketamine achieves the recovery of its function. In this chapter both lines of studies are discussed from the view points of the excitatory synapse hypothesis of major depression, and mechanisms of transient and persistent synaptic plasticity including reconsolidation and extinction learning.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan

    Daisuke Okada

  2. Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan

    Daisuke Okada

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan

    Kenji Hashimoto

  2. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical, Tokyo, Japan

    Soichiro Ide

  3. Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazutaka Ikeda

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Okada, D. (2020). Synaptic Modulation in the Effect of Ketamine. In: Hashimoto, K., Ide, S., Ikeda, K. (eds) Ketamine. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2902-3_5

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