Abstract
The first regional case study discussed in this report is self-medication in Indonesia. Obtaining prescription-only medicines without a physicians’ prescription to take them based upon self-judgment is frequently noted throughout the world. Inappropriate self-medication is practiced not only in Indonesia but also in various countries across the world and is more frequently found among impoverished economies. Many people living in poverty are not protected by public health insurance schemes. Direct access to medicines is a self-defense behavior as well as the most cost-effective practice for the poor. This means that no decent healthcare services market has been formed for people living in poverty. According to the Jakarta Post (2008), counterfeit and substandard medicines account for 40% of lawfully distributed products. This daily English language newspaper in Indonesia reports that Indonesia remains a lucrative market for fake drugs (2013). In this chapter, the authors describe the field survey conducted in Indonesia regarding self-care with antibiotics and on the basis of the survey results, discuss the actual status of self-medication and the ideal situation of a healthcare services market.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Notes
- 1.
The Indonesian term “Pramuka” refers to a market in Jakarta City which is a cluster of wholesalers selling drugs and medical devices. The author met a medical doctor who came to Pramuka from Sumatra Island for the purpose of purchasing a large quantity of antibiotics for her clinic. She personally came all the way to Jakarta because distribution channels are not adequately established.
- 2.
Interview conducted by the author on June 16, 2014 in Jakarta.
- 3.
Interview conducted by the author on February 20, 2015 in Osaka.
- 4.
Interview conducted by the author on July 13, 2015 in Tokyo.
References
Auta, A., S. Omale, T.J. Folorunsho, et al. 2012. Medicine vendors: self-medication practices and medicine knowledge. North American Journal of Medical Sciences. https://doi.org/10.4103/1947-2714.92899. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22393544. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Badiger, S., R. Kundapur, A. Jain, et al. 2012. Self-medication patterns among medical students in South India. The Australasian Medical Journal 5(4):217–20. https://doi.org/10.4066/amj.2012.1007. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22848313. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Bank Dunia. 2009. Indonesia’s doctors, midwives and nursed: current stock, increasing needs, future challenges and options. The World Bank January 2009. http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/en/555011468039247466/pdf/477150WP0Indon1BOX0338925B01PUBLIC1.pdf. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Bappeda tangerang selatan (tangerang selatan local government planning board). 2010.
BellCurve. 2019. Boheikin no Kukan Suitei ni okeru Hitsuyo na Sanpuru Saizu no Keisan Fomu [Calculation form to calculate sample size in interval estimate of population mean]. https://bellcurve.jp/statistics/blog/15378.html#download. (In Japanese) Accessed 2 June 2019.
Bin Abdulhak, A.A., M.A. Altannir, M.A. Almansor, et al. 2011. Non prescribed sale of antibiotics in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: a cross sectional study. BMC Public Health 11: 538. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-11-538. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Non+prescribed+sale+of+antibiotics+in+Riyadh%2C+Saudi+Arabia%3A+A+Cross+Sectional+Study. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Egami, Yuriko, Takashi, Yasukawa, Mitsue, Hirota, et al. 2012. Indonesia Kyowakoku no Hokeniryo no Genjo [Health Situation of the Republic of Indonesia]. Journal of International Health 27(2): 171–181. https://doi.org/10.11197/jaih.27.171. (In Japanese) Accessed 30 August 2018.
Grigoryan, L., F.M. Haaijer-Rauskamp, J.G.M. Burgerhof, et al. 2006. Self-medication with antimicrobial drugs in Europe. Emerging Infectious Diseases 12(3): 452–459. https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1205.050992. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16704784. Accessed 30 August 2017.
Hadi, U, P. van den Broek, E.P. Kolopaking, et al. 2010. Cross sectional study of availability and pharmaceutical quality of antibiotics requested with or without prescription (over the counter) in Surabaya, Indonesia. BMC Infectious Diseases 10: 203–213. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2334-10-203. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Hirakawa, Hideyuki, Shoji, Tsuchida, and Tomoko, Tsuchida. 2011. Risuku Komyunikeshon Ron [Risk Communication Theory]. Osaka University Press, Osaka. (In Japanese).
Japanese Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry. 2016. Iryo Kokusai Tenkai Kantori Repoto [Global Status of Healthcare Services: Country Report on Indonesia]. http://www.meti.go.jp/policy/mono_info_service/healthcare/kokusaika/27fy/27fy_countryreport_Indonesia.pdf#search = %27%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2 + %E5%8C%BB%E7%99%82%E3%81%A8%E7%B5%8C%E6%B8%88%E7%99%BA%E5%B1%95%27. (In Japanese) Accessed 24 June 2018.
Japanese Ministry of Foreign Affairs. 2017. Sekai no Iryojijo [Health and Medical Care of the World—Indonesia]. https://www.mofa.go.jp/mofaj/toko/medi/asia/indonesia.html. (In Japanese) Accessed 24 June 2018.
Kahneman, Daniel. 2011. Thinking, fast and slow. USA: Farrar, Straus and Giroux.
Le, T.H., E. Ottosson, T.K. Nguyen, B.G. Kim, and P. Allebeck. 2011. Drug use and self-medication among children with respiratory illness or diarrhea in a rural district in Vietnam: a qualitative study. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare 4, 329–336. https://doi.org/10.2147/jmdh.s22769. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21966227. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Miní, E., R. Varas, Y. Vicuña, et al. 2012. Self-medication behavior among pregnant women user of the Instituto Nacional Materno Perinatal, Peru 2011. Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Publica 29(2): 212–217. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Self-medication+behavior+among+pregnant+women+user+of+the+Instituto+Nacional+Materno+Perinatal%2C+Peru+2011. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Padoveze, E.H., L.F. Nascimento, F.R. Ferreira, and V.S. Neves. 2012. Cross-sectional descriptive study of topical self-medication in a hospital dermatology department in the state of São Pauro. Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia 87(1): 163–165. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22481675. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Pan, H., B. Cui, D. Zhang, et al. 2012. Prior knowledge, older age, and higher allowance are risk factors for self-medication with antibiotics among university students in southern China. PLoS One 7(7): e41314. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0041314. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22911779. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Puspitasari, H.P., A. Faturrohmah, and A. Hermansyah. 2011. Do Indonesian community pharmacy workers respond to antibiotics request appropriately? Tropical Medicine and International Health 16(7): 840–846. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3156.2011.02782.x. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21545380. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Sarahroodi, S., A. Maleki-Jamshid, A.F. Sawalha, et al. 2012. Pattern of self-medication with analgesics among Iranian University students in central Iran. Journal of Family and Community Medicine 19(2): 125–129. https://doi.org/10.4103/2230-8229.98302. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Pattern+of+selfmedication+with+analgesics+among+Iranian+University+students+in+central+Iran. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Shono, A., H. Omae, and M. Masuda. 2007. Indoneshia ni okeru Sefuteinetto Puroguramu no Hoken Iryo Bunya deno Genkai: Muryo Shinsatsu Kado wo Jirei toshite [The Difficulty with the Social Safety Net Health Sector Program in Indonesia: Case Study of Health Card Program]. Journal of International Health 22(2): 79–86. https://doi.org/10.11197/jaih.22.79. (In Japanese) Accessed 30 August 2018.
Streetdirectory.com. https://www.streetdirectory.com/indonesia/jakarta/zone/ciputat/. Accessed 11 Feburary 2019.
Suwa, Yoshihiro. 2014. Kokumin Kaihoken heto Ugokidashita Indonesia HerusuKea Sangyo no Miryoku to Otoshiana [Attractive Points and Pitfalls of Healthcare Industry in Indonesia Moving Towards Universal Health Insurance Coverage]. ITmedia Executive. http://mag.executive.itmedia.co.jp/executive/articles/1406/02/news014_4.html. (In Japanese) Accessed 1 September 2018.
Togoobaatar, Ganchimeg, Nayu, Ikeda, Moazzam, Ali, Munkhbayarlakh, Sonomjamts, Sarangerel, Dashdemberel, Rintaro, Mori, and Kenji, Shibuya. 2010. Survey of non-prescribed use of antibiotics for children in an urban community in Mongolia. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 88(12): 930–936. https://doi.org/10.2471/blt.10.079004. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2995192/. Accessed 30 August 2018.
Widayati, A., S. Suryawati, C. de Crespigny, and J.E. Hiller. 2011. Self-medication with antibiotics in Yogyakarta City Indonesia: a cross sectional population-based survey. BMC Research Notes 4: 491. https://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-4-491.491. Accessed 30 August 2018.
WHO. 2011. Third international conference for improving use of medicines informed strategies, effective policies, lasting solutions. http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s21782en/s21782en.pdf. Accessed 31 August 2013.
WHO. 2016. Global tuberculosis report 2016. http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/250441/1/9789241565394-eng.pdf?ua=1. Accessed 13 December 2016.
World Council of Churches. 2006. Promoting Rational Use of Medicines: core components. Contact No. 183. http://apps.who.int/medicinedocs/documents/s19836en/s19836en.pdf#search=%27Contact+Promoting+rational+use+of+medicine%27. Accessed 30 August 201.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kimura, S., Nakamura, Y. (2020). A Case Study in Indonesia: Self-medication and Limited Access. In: Poor Quality Pharmaceuticals in Global Public Health. Trust, vol 5. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2089-1_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2089-1_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-2088-4
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-2089-1
eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)