Abstract
Millions of tons of coke are produced to meet the demand of manufacturing of iron and steel industry and coal-based power plants with rapid urbanization. The conversion of coal to coke is one of the major sources of environmental pollution, because this process generates huge volume of coke-oven wastewater (COWW) during quenching of hot coke. The discharged wastewater contains cyanide, thiocyanide, ammonium-N, phenols with high biological oxygen demand, chemical oxygen demand, total dissolved solids, total suspended solid, and polyaromatic compounds pose a threat to the existing flora and fauna of the ecosystem. In this chapter, detailed information is provided about the generation, characteristics, toxicity and harmful effect on environment of COWW. In addition, different sustainable technologies such as biological, physical, and integrated processes have been proposed for the sustainable treatment of COWW while comparing their merits and demerits with those of the existing technologies.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
American Public Health Association (APHA) (2012) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 22nd edn. APHA, Washington, DC
Banerjee P, De S (2010) Coupled concentration polarization and pore flow modeling of nanofiltration of an industrial textile effluent. Sep Purif Technol 73(3):355–362
Barakat MA, Chen YT, Huang CP (2004) Removal of toxic cyanide and Cu(II) ions from water by illuminated TiO2 catalyst. Appl Catal B 53:13–20
Barriga-Ordonez F, Nava-Alonso F, Uribe-Salas A (2006) Cyanide oxidation by ozone in a steady-state flow bubble column. Miner Eng 19:117–122
de-Bashan LE, Bashan Y (2004) Recent advances in removing phosphorus from wastewater and its future use as fertilizer (1997–2003). Water Res 38:4222–4246
Bharagava RN, Chandra R, Rai V (2008a) Phytoextraction of trace elements and physiological changes in Indian mustard plants (Brassica nigra L.) grow in post methanated distillery effluent (PMDE) irrigated soil. Bioresour Technol 99(17):8316–8324
Bharagava RN, Chandra R, Singh SK (2008b) Characterization of phenolic metabolites from post methanated distillery effluent (PMDE) after degradation with bacterial consortium Ind. J Environ Prot 28(11):1019–1027
Bharagava RN, Chandra R, Rai V (2009) Isolation and characterization of aerobic bacteria capable of the degradation of synthetic and natural melanoidins from distillery wastewater. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 25:737–744
Bharagava RN, Yadav S, Chandra R (2014) Antibiotic and heavy metal resistance properties of bacteria isolated from the aeration lagoons of common effluent treatment plant (CETP) of tannery industries (Unnao, India). Indian J Biotechnol 13:514–519
Burmistrz P, Burmistrz M (2013) Distribution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coke plant wastewater. Water Sci Technol 68(11):2414–2420
Chakraborty S, Veeramani H (2006) Effect of HRT and recycle ratio on removal of cyanide, phenol, thiocyanate and ammonia in an anaerobic–anoxic– aerobic continuous system. Process Biochem 41:96–105
Chandra R, Bharagava RN, Rai V (2008) Melanoidins as major colorant in sugarcane molasses based distillery effluent and its degradation. Bioresour Technol 99:4648–4660
Chandra R, Bharagava RN, Kapley A, Purohit HJ (2011) Bacterial diversity, organic pollutants and their metabolites in two aeration lagoons of common effluent treatment plant during the degradation and detoxification of tannery wastewater. Bioresour Technol 102:2333–2341
Chang EE, Hsing HJ, Chiang CP et al (2008) The chemical and biological characteristics of coke-oven wastewater by ozonation. J Hazard Mater 156:560–567
Chu L, Wang J, Dong J et al (2012) Treatment of coking wastewater by an advanced Fenton oxidation process using iron powder and hydrogen peroxide. Chemosphere 86(4):409–414
Dash RR, Balomajumder C, Kumar A (2008) Treatment of metal cyanide bearing wastewater by simultaneous adsorption and biodegradation (SAB). J Hazard Mater 152:387–396
Dong Y, Zhang J (2010) Testing the genotoxicity of coking wastewater using Vicia faba and Hordeum vulgare bioassays. Ecotoxicol Environ Safe 73(5):944–948
El Diwani G, El Rafie S, El Ibiari NN et al (2007) Recovery of ammonia nitrogen from industrial wastewater treatment as struvite slow releasing fertilizer. Desalination 214:200–214
Escher BI, Charlotte VD, Mriga D et al (2013) Most oxidative stress response in water samples comes from unknown chemicals: the need for effect-based water quality trigger values. Environ Sci Technol 47(13):7002–7011
Fakhru’l-Razi A, Pendashteh A, Abdullah LC et al (2009) Review of technologies for oil and gas produced water treatment. J Hazard Mater 170(2–3):530–551
Ghose MK, Kumar A (1993) Impact on surface water quality due to the discharge of coal washery effluents and dispersion profile of pollutant in Damodar river. Asian Environ 15(1):32–40
Glen TD, Bruce ER, Samer A et al (2005) Are membrane bioreactors ready for widespread application? Environ Sci Technol 39:385–408
Hao XD, van Loosdrecht MCM (2006) Model-based evaluation of struvite recovery from P-released supernatant in a BNR process. Water Sci Technol 53(3):191–198
Jiang W, Zhang W, Li B et al (2011) Combined Fenton oxidation and biological activated carbon process for recycling of coking plant effluent. J Hazard Mater 189:308–314
Jianlong W, Xiangchun Q, Libo W et al (2002) Bioaugmentation as a tool to enhance the removal of refractory compound in coke plant wastewater. Process Biochem 38:777–781
Kim Y, Lee JH, Kim YC et al (2015) Operation and simulation of pilot-scale forward osmosis desalination with ammonium bicarbonate. Chem Eng Res Des 94:390–395
Kishor R, Bharagava RN, Saxena G (2019) Industrial wastewaters: the major sources of dye contamination in the environment, ecotoxicological effects, and bioremediation approaches. In: Bharagava RN (ed) Recent advances in environmental management. CRC Press Taylor & Francis, Boca Raton, p 13. ISBN: 978-0-8153-8314-7
Kumar R, Pal P (2012) Response surface-optimized Fenton’s pre-treatment for chemical precipitation of struvite and recycling of water through downstream nanofiltration. Chem Eng J 210:33–44
Kumar R, Pal P (2013) Removal of phenol from coke-oven wastewater by cross-flow nanofiltration membranes. Water Environ Res 85(5):447–455
Kumar R, Pal P (2013a) Turning hazardous waste into value-added products: production and characterization of struvite from ammoniacal waste with new approaches. J Clean Prod 43:59–70
Kumar R, Pal P (2013b) A membrane-integrated advanced scheme for treatment of industrial wastewater: dynamic modeling towards scale up. Chemosphere 92:1375–1382
Kumar R, Pal P (2013c) Membrane-integrated hybrid bioremediation of industrial wastewater: a continuous treatment and recycling approach. J Water Reuse Desal 3:26–38
Kumar R, Pal P (2014) Membrane-integrated hybrid system for the effective treatment of ammoniacal wastewater of coke-making plant: a volume reduction approach. Environ Technol 35(16):2018–2027
Kumar R, Pal P (2015a) A novel forward osmosis-nano filtration integrated system for coke-oven wastewater reclamation. Chem Eng Res Des 100:542–553
Kumar R, Pal P (2015b) Assessing the feasibility of N and P recovery by struvite precipitation from nutrient-rich wastewater: a review. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:17453–17464
Kumar R, Bhakta P, Chakraborty S et al (2011) Separating cyanide from coke wastewater by cross flow nanofiltration. Sep Sci Technol 46:2119–2127
Kumar R, Chakrabortty S, Pal P (2015) Membrane-integrated physico-chemical treatment of coke-oven wastewater: transport modelling and economic evaluation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 22:6010–6023
Lai P, Zhao HZ, al WC (2007) Advanced treatment of coking wastewater by coagulation and zero-valent iron processes. J Hazard Mater 147(1–2):232–239
Li H, Han H, Du M et al (2011) Removal of phenols, thiocyanate and ammonium from coal gasification wastewater using moving bed biofilm reactor. Bioresour Technol 102:4667–4673
Liu R, Huang X, Xi JY et al (2005) Microbial behaviour in a membrane bioreactor with complete sludge retention. Process Biochem 40:3165–3170
Liu Y, Liu J, Zhang A et al (2017) Treatment effects and genotoxicity relevance of the toxic organic pollutants in semi-coking wastewater by combined treatment process. Environ Pollut 220:13–19
Lu XY, Li B, Zhang T et al (2012) Enhanced anoxic bioremediation of PAHs contaminated sediment. Bioresour Technol 104:51–58
Lubello C, Caffaz S, Mangini L et al (2007) MBR pilot plant for textile wastewater treatment and reuse. Water Sci Technol 55:115–124
Ma D, Liu C, Zhu X et al (2016) Acute toxicity and chemical evaluation of coking wastewater under biological and advanced physicochemical treatment processes. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23:18343–18352
Ma X, Wang X, Liu Y et al (2017) Variations in toxicity of semi-coking wastewater treatment processes and their toxicity prediction. Ecotoxicol Environ Safe 138:163–169
Maranon E, Vazquez I, Rodriguez J et al (2008a) Treatment of coke wastewater in a sequential batch reactor (SBR) at pilot plant scale. Bioresour Technol 99:4192–4198
Maranon E, Vazquez I, Rodriguez J et al (2008b) Coke wastewater treatment by a three-step activated sludge system. Water Air Soil Pollut 192:155–164
Marr R, Koucar M (1993) Recovery of ammonium-N from industrial wastewater. Int Chem Eng 33(3):416
Marrone PA, Hodes M, Smith KA et al (2004) Salt precipitation and scale control in supercritical water oxidation-part B: commercial/full-scale applications. J Supercrit Fluids 29:289–312
Marrot B, Barrios-Martinez A, Moulin P et al (2004) Industrial wastewater treatment in a membrane bioreactor: a review. Environ Prog 23:59–68
Marvan IJ, Craig F, Sutton PM (1992) Treatability evaluation of coking plant effluent. Int Biodeterior Biodegradation 30:313–329
Mason TJ (1990) Chemistry with ultrasound, published for the Society of Chemical Industry. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Moussavi G, Khosravi R (2010) Removal of cyanide from wastewater by adsorption onto pistachio hull wastes: parametric experiments, kinetics and equilibrium analysis. J Hazard Mater 183:724–730
Ning N, Bart HJ, Jiang Y et al (2005) Treatment of organic pollutants in coke plant wastewater by the method of ultrasonic irradiation, catalytic oxidation and activated sludge. Sep Purif Technol 41:133–139
Okouchi S, Nojima O, Arai T (1992) Cavitation induced degradation of phenol by ultrasound. Water Sci Technol 26(9–11):2053–2056
Pal P, Kumar R (2014) Treatment of coke-wastewater: a critical review for developing sustainable management strategies. Sep Purif Rev 43(2):89–123
Pal P, Bhakta P, Kumar R (2014a) Cyanide removal from industrial wastewater by cross-flow nanofiltration: transport modeling and economic evaluation. Water Environ Res 86(8):698–708
Pal P, Kumar R, Srivastava N et al (2014b) A visual basic simulation software tool for performance analysis of a membrane-based advanced water treatment plant. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:1833–1849
Pal P, Abrar I, Kumar R (2015) Managing hazardous municipal wastewater: a membrane-integrated hybrid approach for fast and effective treatment in low temperature environment. J Membr Sci Technol 4(2):53–65
Parga JR, Shukla SS, Carrillo-Pedroza FR (2003) Destruction of cyanide waste solutions using chlorine dioxide, ozone and Titania sol. Waste Manag 23:183–191
Park D, Kim YM, Lee DS et al (2008a) Chemical treatment for treating cyanides-containing effluent from biological cokes wastewater treatment process. Chem Eng J 143:141–146
Park D, Lee DS, Kim YM et al (2008b) Bioaugmentation of cyanide-degrading microorganisms in a full-scale cokes wastewater treatment facility. Bioresour Technol 99:2092–2096
Perez M, Torrades F, Domenech X et al (2002) Removal of organic contaminants in pulp effluents by AOPs: an economic study. J Chem Technol Biotechnol 77:525–532
Phuntsho S, Hong S, Elimelech M et al (2013) Forward osmosis desalination of brackish groundwater: meeting water quality requirements for fertigation by integrating nanofiltration. J Membr Sci 436:1–15
Pollice A, Laera G, Saturno D et al (2008) Effects of sludge retention time on the performance of a membrane bioreactor treating municipal sewage. J Membr Sci 317:65–70
Qin JJ, Wai MN, Tao GH et al (2007) Membrane bioreactor study for reclamation of mixed sewage mostly from industrial sources. Sep Purif Technol 53:296–300
Rahman MM, Al-Malack MH (2006) Performance of a cross flow membrane bioreactor (CF-MBR) when treating refinery wastewater. Desalination 191:16–26
Reemtsma T, Zywicki B, Stueber M et al (2002) Removal of sulfur organic polar micropollutants in a membrane bioreactor treating industrial wastewater. Environ Sci Technol 36:1102–1106
Ren L, Schuchardt F, Shen Y et al (2010) Impact of struvite crystallization on nitrogen losses during composting of pig manure and cornstalk. Waste Manag 30:885–892
Richards DJ, Shieh WK (1989) Anoxic oxic activated sludge treatment of cyanides and phenols. Biotechnol Bioeng 33:32–38
Ronteltap M, Maurer M, Gujer W (2007) Struvite precipitation thermodynamics in source-separated urine. Water Res 41:977–984
Shen J, Zhao H, Cao H et al (2014) Chen, removal of total cyanide in coking wastewater during a coagulation process: significance of organic polymers. J Environ Sci 26:231–239
Staib C, Lant P (2007) Thiocyanate degradation during activated sludge treatment of coke-ovens wastewater. Biochem Eng J 34:122–130
Strathmann H, Ho WS, Sirkar KK (eds) (1992) Membrane handbook. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York
Tian DY, Lin ZF, Yu JQ et al (2012) Influence factors of multicomponent mixtures containing reactive chemicals and their joint effects. Chemosphere 88(8):994–1000
Ueno Y, Fujii M (2001) Three years’ experience of operating and selling recovered struvite from full-scale plant. Environ Technol 22:1373–1381
Uysal A, Demir S, Sayilgan E et al (2014) Optimization of struvite fertilizer formation from baker’s yeast wastewater: growth and nutrition of maize and tomato plants. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21:3264–3274
Vázquez I, RodrÃguez J, Marañón E et al (2006a) Study of aerobic biodegradation of coke wastewater in a two and three-step activated sludge process. J Hazard Mater 137:1681–1688
Vázquez I, RodrÃguez J, Marañón E et al (2006b) Simultaneous removal of phenol, ammonium and thiocyanate from coke wastewater by aerobic biodegradation. J Hazard Mater 137:1773–1780
Yang WB, Cicek N, Ilg J (2006) State of the art of membrane bioreactors: worldwide research and commercial applications in North America. J Membr Sci 270:201–211
Yuan X, Sun H, Guo D (2012) The removal of COD from coking wastewater using extraction replacement–biodegradation coupling. Desalination 289:45–50
Zainith S, Purchase D, Saratale GD, Ferreira LFR, Bilal M, Bharagava RN (2019) Isolation and characterization of lignin-degrading bacterium Bacillus aryabhattai from pulp and paper mill wastewater and evaluation of its lignin-degrading potential. 3 Biotech 9(3):92
Zhang M, Tay JH, Qian Y et al (1998) Coke plant wastewater treatment by fixed biofilm system for COD and NH3-N removal. Water Res 32:591–527
Zhang W, Wei CH, Peng PG (2010a) Components and degradation characteristics analysis of phenols in coking wastewater in biological fluidized bed A/A/O process. Chin J Environ Eng 4:253–258
Zhang MH, Zhao QL, Bai X et al (2010b) Adsorption of organic pollutants from coking wastewater by activated coke. Coll Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 362:140–146
Zhao WT, Huang X, Lee D et al (2009a) Use of submerged anaerobic–anoxic–oxic membrane bioreactor to treat highly toxic coke wastewater with complete sludge retention. J Membr Sci 330:57–64
Zhao WT, Huang X, Lee D (2009b) Enhanced treatment of coke plant wastewater using an anaerobic–anoxic–oxic membrane bioreactor system. Sep Purif Technol 66:279–286
Zhao WT, Shen YX, Xiao K et al (2010) Fouling characteristics in a membrane bioreactor coupled with anaerobic–anoxic–oxic process for coke wastewater treatment. Bioresour Technol 101:3876–3883
Zhao S, Zou L, Mulcahy D (2012) Brackish water desalination by a hybrid forward osmosis—nano filtration system using divalent draw solute. Desalination 284:175–181
Zhu X, Ni J, Lai P (2009) Advanced treatment of biologically retreated coking wastewater by electrochemical oxidation using boron-doped diamond electrodes. Water Res 43:4347–4355
Acknowledgement
Authors are highly acknowledged to the University Grant Commission, Government of India for financial support under Dr. D.S. Kothari Post-Doctoral Fellowship sanctioned No. F.4-2/2006 (BSR)/EN/16-17/0001, September 01, 2016 (65th List).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kumar, R., Ghosh, A.K., Pal, P. (2020). Sustainable Management of Toxic Industrial Effluent of Coal-Based Power Plants. In: Bharagava, R. (eds) Emerging Eco-friendly Green Technologies for Wastewater Treatment. Microorganisms for Sustainability, vol 18. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1390-9_9
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1390-9_9
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-1389-3
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-1390-9
eBook Packages: Biomedical and Life SciencesBiomedical and Life Sciences (R0)