Abstract
Many marine animals possess free-swimming larvae, with the larval morphology, behavior, and ecology showing a wide diversity within the metazoans. In this chapter, the merits and drawbacks of having a larval stage are discussed. Furthermore, current knowledge on the origins and evolution of marine larvae within the metazoans is described. Theories concerning the origins of the dipleurula-type larvae of deuterostomes and trochophore larvae of protostomes are explained in detail: whether they are homologous larval stages, or if they were acquired independently with their similarities being the result of convergence. The evolution of larval types within the echinoderms is also discussed. Moreover, the importance of these larvae in taxonomy is explained.
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Nakano, H. (2020). Animal Larvae and Evolution. In: Inaba, K., Hall-Spencer, J. (eds) Japanese Marine Life. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1326-8_13
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1326-8_13
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