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A Critical Outlook on Approaches to Political Leadership and Nonkilling Peace

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The Nonkilling Paradigm

Abstract

A critical outlook on approaches to political leadership and nonkilling peace which explores charismatic political leaders who tried to bring about a change through revolution or evolution has been discussed. A light is thrown on the duration of the movement by the leaders and the loss of human lives involved during the course of these movements.

The essence of government is the relationship between the leaders and the led. Oddly enough no aspect of political science has received less objective investigation.

(Paige, Glenn D., 1977, The Scientific Study of Political Leadership, California, The Free Press) Glenn D. Paige

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Paige, Glenn D., 2009, Nonkilling Global Political Science, Honolulu, Center for Global Nonkilling. p. 129.

  2. 2.

    Hobbes, T., 1651, Thomas Hobbes Quotes from Leviathan, Available from: http://www.rjgeib.com/thoughts/nature/hobbes-quotes.html.

  3. 3.

    Paige, Glenn, 2009, Nonkilling Global Political Science, p. 24. Honolulu, Center for Global Nonkilling.

  4. 4.

    Paige, Glenn, 1977, The Scientific Study of Political Leadership, California, The Free Press. p. 104.

  5. 5.

    Ibid, p. 4.

  6. 6.

    Ibid, pp. 35–35.

  7. 7.

    Keyes, Gene, 2013, ‘To Give Life’ in Nonkilling, Security and the State, ed. Joám Evans Pim, Honolulu, Center for Global Nonkilling.

  8. 8.

    King, Martin Luther (Jr.), 1998. The Autobiography of Martin Luther King (Jr.), ed. Carson, Clayborne, Warner Books, New York.

  9. 9.

    Nanda, B.R., n.d., ‘Gandhi and Nonviolence’, Gandhian Institutions – Bombay Sarvodaya Mandal & Gandhi Research Foundation, Available from: http://www.mkgandhi.org/nonviolence/gandhi_and_non.htm (3 February 2015).

  10. 10.

    Zunes, Stephen, 15 December 2013. Available from: https://www.popularresistance.org/mandela-violence-vs-nonviolence.

  11. 11.

    Shah, S., Abdul Ghaffar Khan, the Khudai Khidmatgars, Congress and the Partition of India, Pakistan Vision, Vol. 8, No. 2, Available from: http://results.pu.edu.pk/images/journal/studies/PDF-FILES/Shah-4%20new.pdf.

  12. 12.

    Johari, J.C., 2012. Contemporary Political Theory, p. 392, III edition, Sterling Publishers Private Limited, New Delhi.

  13. 13.

    Jacoby, Jeff, 2006. In Cuba, 9,240 victims—and counting, The New York Times, Available from: https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/04/opinion/in-cuba-9240-victims-and-counting.html (25 May 2018).

  14. 14.

    Palestine Liberation Organization, 1968. MidEast Web Historical Documents.

    The Palestinian National Charter, Available from: http://www.mideastweb.org/plocha.htm (26 May 2018).

  15. 15.

    Ibid.

  16. 16.

    Trueman, C N, 16 August 2016. ‘The Palestinian Liberation Organisation’ Available from: http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/modern-world-history-1918-to-1980/the-middle-east-1917-to-1973/the-palestinian-liberation-organisation/.

  17. 17.

    Park, Robert, 2013. ‘The Forgotten Genocide: North Korea’s Prison State’ World Affairs Institute, Available from: http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/forgotten-genocide-north-korea%E2%80%99s-prison-state (3 February 2017).

  18. 18.

    White, Matthew, 2001. Free Republic, Available from: http://www.freerepublic.com/focus/f-news/547066/posts (9 May 2017).

  19. 19.

    Ibid.

  20. 20.

    Stanton, Gregory H., 1998, The Issue of Genocide and Cuba, Available from: http://www.cubaverdad.net/genocide.htm (15 May 2017).

  21. 21.

    Ibid.

  22. 22.

    Robinson, Glenn, n.d. ‘Palestine Liberation Organization’. In The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Islamic World. Oxford Islamic Studies, Available from: http://www.oxfordislamicstudies.com/article/opr/t236/e0618 (26 May 2018).

  23. 23.

    Millett, Allan, 2018, Korean War, Encyclopaedia Britannica, Available from: https://www.britannica.com/event/Korean-War (26 May 2018).

  24. 24.

    Kang, Grace, 2006, A Case for the Prosecution of Kim Jong Il for Crimes against Humanity, Genocide, and War Crimes, Bepress Legal Series, Available from: http://law.bepress.com/expresso/eps/1394 (26 May 2018).

  25. 25.

    Claude, Markovits, ‘India from 1900 to 1947’ 6 November 2007, Available from: http://www.sciencespo.fr/mass-violence-war-massacre-resistance/en/document/india-1900-1947 (3 February 2015).

  26. 26.

    Tshabalala, Vusile 5 June 2011, ‘How many blacks died under Apartheid’ blogpost, Available from: http://iluvsa.blogspot.in/2011/06/how-many-blacks-died-under-apartheid.html (2 February 2017).

  27. 27.

    Keyes, Gene, 2013, “To Give Life” in Nonkilling, Security and the State, ed. Joám Evans Pim, Honolulu, Center for Global Nonkilling, p. 106.

  28. 28.

    BBC, 25 June 2015, ‘South Africa Profile-Timeline’, Available from: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-14094918 (3 February 2015).

  29. 29.

    Mehdi, Syed Sikander, 2008. ‘Building Nonkilling Societies: Relevance of Abdul Ghaffar Khan’, in Global Nonkilling Leadership First Forum Proceedings, ed. Glenn D. Paige and Joám Evans Pim, Honolulu, Center for Global Nonviolence.

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Correspondence to Katyayani Singh .

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Singh, K., Swarup, A. (2020). A Critical Outlook on Approaches to Political Leadership and Nonkilling Peace. In: The Nonkilling Paradigm. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1247-6_5

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