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Lipidomics of Peroxisomal Disorders

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Peroxisomes: Biogenesis, Function, and Role in Human Disease

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Abstract

Peroxisomes are cytoplasmic organelles that play a key role in metabolic and synthetic processes of various lipids. Peroxisomal disorders are caused by defects in peroxisome biogenesis or a peroxisomal single enzyme, and lead to multiple pathological features such as enlarged ventricles, demyelination, hearing loss and psychomotor retardation. Specific lipid profiles are observed for each peroxisomal disorder, which reflects the abnormal process in metabolism or synthesis of lipids. Therefore, lipid analysis of biological samples (e.g. blood plasma and fibroblasts) from patients is essential for the precise diagnosis and identification of responsible genes of peroxisomal disorders. Recent advances in mass spectrometry have enabled both identification and simultaneous quantification of a large number of lipid species. In this review, we introduce the principles of ‘lipidomics’ and the latest research using the lipidomic approach to study peroxisomal disorders.

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Abbreviations

ABCD1:

ATP-binding cassette sub-family D1

AMACR:

A-methylacyl-CoA racemase

AOX:

Acyl-CoA oxidase

DBP:

D-bifunctional protein

DHCA:

Dihydroxycholestanoic acid

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

GC-MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

IMS:

Imaging mass spectrometry

IRD:

Infantile Refsum’s disease

LC:

Liquid chromatography

MRM:

Multiple reaction monitoring

MS:

Mass spectrometry

MS/MS:

Tandem mass

NALD:

Neonatal adrenoleukodystrophy

PBD:

Peroxisome biogenesis disorders

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

Q:

Quadrupole

RCDP:

Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata

SCPx:

Sterol carrier protein X

THCA:

Trihydroxycholestanoic acid

TOF:

Time-of-Flight

VLCFA:

Very long chain fatty acids

X-ALD:

X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy

ZS:

Zellweger syndrome

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Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharma-Sciences, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan

    Kotaro Hama, Yuko Fujiwara & Kazuaki Yokoyama

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  1. Kotaro Hama
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  2. Yuko Fujiwara
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  3. Kazuaki Yokoyama
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Correspondence to Kotaro Hama .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hiroshima International University, Kure, Hiroshima, Japan, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan

    Tsuneo Imanaka

  2. Division of Genomics Research, Life Science Research Center, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan, Department of Pediatrics, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan

    Nobuyuki Shimozawa

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Hama, K., Fujiwara, Y., Yokoyama, K. (2019). Lipidomics of Peroxisomal Disorders. In: Imanaka, T., Shimozawa, N. (eds) Peroxisomes: Biogenesis, Function, and Role in Human Disease. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-1169-1_11

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