Abstract
A 45-year-old alcoholic male patient was admitted to hospital for 2 weeks. He was being treated for pyogenic lung abscess. He seemed to be improving, but became unwell again. A blood gas analysis showed pH 7.31, PaCO 230 mmHg, PaO 2106 mmHg (0.3 FiO 2), HCO 3 −14 mmol/L, standard base excess (SBE) 15 mmol/L, Na +131 mmol/L, K +5 mmol/L, Cl −96 mmol/L, osmolar gap 8 mmol/kg, lactate 2 mmol/L, and albumin 3 g/dL.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Suggested Reading
Fencl V, Jabor A, Kazda A, et al. Diagnosis of metabolic acid-base disturbances in critically ill patients. Am J Resp Crit Care Med. 2000;162:2246–51. Comprehensive description of acid–base disorder
Fenwick R. Venous and arterial blood gases in respiratory failure. Emerg Nurse. 2016;24(3):26–8. This a case-based discussion and literature review. An evidence-based approach to selecting the most appropriate test for each patient is discussed, aiming to minimise the need for unnecessary arterial sampling
Ghosh AK. Diagnosing acid–base disorders. J Assoc Physicians India. 2006;54:720–4. The article provides a stepwise approach for evaluation of acid–base disorder
Kellum JA. Clinical review: reunification of acid–base physiology. Crit Care. 2005;9:500–7. It has been emphasized that both quantitative and traditional approaches can be combined for bedside assessment of acid–base status
Story DA, Morimatsu H, Bellomo R. Strong ions, weak acids and base excess: a simplified Fencl-Stewart approach to clinical acid-base disorders. Br J Anaesth. 2004;92:54–60. This article provides a simplified equation for calculation of sodium chloride effect and albumin effect on base excess
Toffaletti JG, Rackley CR. Monitoring oxygen status. Adv Clin Chem. 2016;77:103–24. This chapter reviews the causes of hypoxemia and illustrates how the oxygen parameters are used clinically in the diagnosis and management of patients with abnormal oxygenation and two clinical cases are described
Websites
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Pandit, R., Pundpal, G.S. (2020). Arterial Blood Gases. In: Chawla, R., Todi, S. (eds) ICU Protocols. Springer, Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0902-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0902-5_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Singapore
Print ISBN: 978-981-15-0901-8
Online ISBN: 978-981-15-0902-5
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)